Ukukhulelwa kwegazi - Izizathu

I-Erythrocytes ibomvu yegazi ebomvu equkethe i-hemoglobin. Banoxanduva lokunikezelwa kwe-oksijini kwimiphophu kuzo zonke izitho. I-anemia okanye i-anemia yimeko apho inani leesebomvu zegazi egazini liyancipha okanye ezi seteli ziqulethe ngaphantsi kwexabiso eliqhelekileyo le-hemoglobin.

I-anemia isoloko isekondari, oko kukuthi, ngumqondiso wesinye isifo esifanayo.

Izizathu zokuphelelwa kwegazi

Kukho izizathu ezininzi zeli lizwe, kodwa ezi ziqhelekileyo zi:

1. Ukunciphisa ekuveleni kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi ngethambo lomongo. Njengomthetho, kuphawulwa ngezifo ze-oncological, izifo ezingapheliyo, izifo zengqondo, izifo ze-endocrine, ukunyuka kwamaprotheni.
2. Ukusilela emzimbeni wezinto ezithile, ngokuyinhloko - isinyithi, kunye ne- vitamin B12 , i-folic acid. Ngamanye amaxesha, ngokukodwa ebuntwaneni nasebuntwaneni, i-anemia ingabangela ukungabikho kwe vithamini C.
3. Ukubhujiswa (hemolysis) okanye ukunciphisa ixesha lobomi beeseli ezibomvu zegazi. Iyakwazi ukuphawulwa ngezifo zentlanzi, izifo ze-hormonal.
4. Ukuphuma kwamanzi okanye okungahleliyo.

Ukwahlulelwa kweemfuno zegazi

1. Ukunqongophala kwe-Iron anemia. Olu hlobo lwe-anemia luhambelana nokusilela emzimbeni wesinyithi, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo luboniswa ngokulahleka kwegazi, kubafazi abanobudoda obukhulu, kubantu abanamathela kwisondlo esingqongqo, ngesisu sesisu okanye isifo sesisu esiswini, umdlavuza wesisu.
2. Inemia enobungozi. Olunye uhlobo lokusilela i-anemia, ehambelana nokusilela emzimbeni wevithamini B12, ngenxa yokutya kwayo.
3. I-anemia ye-aplastiki. Ivela ekungabikho okanye ukungabikho kwezicubu ezivelisa i-erythrocyte kwintolongo yethambo. Ngokudla kaninzi kubonakaliswa kwizigulane zomhlaza, ngenxa ye-irradiation, kodwa kunokubangelwa nezinye (umz., I-chemical).
4. I-anemia yesifo yintsholongwane yesifo esiyintlungu apho i-erythrocytes inokungaqhelekiyo (umzobo wesenti).
5. I-congenital spherocytic anemia. Esinye isifo esizalwe yi-erythrocyte esingaqhelekanga (i-spherical esikhundleni se-biconcave) ifom kwaye ikhawuleza yatshatyalaliswa yipeni. Kulo hlobo lwesifo esibonakaliswe ukwanda kwendiza, ukuphuhliswa kwe-jaundice, kwaye kunokukhupha iingxaki kunye neentso.
6. Unyango lwegazi. Ivela ngenxa yokuphendula komzimba kwisiphi na isicatshulwa: sinokucaphukisa iintlobo ezithile ze-sulfonamide kunye ne-aspirin (kunye novelwano olongezelelweyo kwiyeza).

Iziganga zobunzima begazi

I-anemia ihlulwe ngokwemigangatho yobunzima, kuxhomekeke ekubeni ubuninzi be-hemoglobin egazini liyancishiswa (ngezinga legram / ilitha). Izibonakaliso eziqhelekileyo zi: ngamadoda avela kuma-140 ukuya ku-160, kwabasetyhini abavela kwi-120 ukuya ku-150. Kubantwana, esi sibonakaliso sincike kwiminyaka yobudala kwaye sinokuguquka ngokubanzi. Ukunciphisa izinga le-hemoglobin elingaphantsi kwengu-120 g / l linika isizathu sokuthetha ngegazi.

1. Ifom yoKhanya - izinga le-hemoglobin egazini lingaphantsi kweqhelekileyo, kodwa lingekho ngaphantsi kwama-90 g / l.
2. Ifom ye-average is hemoglobin level 90-70 g / l.
3. Ifom ephezulu - izinga le-hemoglobin egazini elingaphantsi kwe-70 g / l.

Kwiimeko ezincinci ze-anemia, iimpawu zekliniki zingasekho: isidingo somzimba se-oksijeni sinikezelwa ngemisebenzi yenkqubo ye-cardiovascular and respiratory, ukwandisa imveliso ye-erythrocyte. Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, kukho i-pallor yesikhumba, ukhathala okwandayo, utywala. Kwiimeko ezinzima, ukuphazamiseka, ukuphuhliswa kwe-jaundice, kunye nokubonakala kwezilonda kwiimbrane ezinamaqabunga zinokwenzeka.

Oogqirha baxilonga i- anemia kwaye banikeze unyango ngamayeza ngenxa yeemvavanyo zebhubhoratri.