Uhlobo olusisiseko lweenkomo - iimpawu zohlobo, i-pluses kunye nemigodi yomxholo

Omnye wabantu abadala kunazo zonke kwilizwe leSimmental lenkomo lizalwe eSwitzerland kwintlambo yoMlambo waseSimma. Kwinkqubo yokhetho, phakathi kwekhulu le-19 lemfuyo, imfuyo ibe yintlobo yezilwanyana kunye nobisi obuvelisa kakhulu, isasazwa kakhulu eYurophu. E-Russia, iiSimmentals zaziswa ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19.

Uhlobo lweenkomo ezizimeleyo - uphawu

Iimpawu zendalo zehlabathi zizalwe kuzo zonke iilikazikazi zehlabathi, njengoko zivumela abalimi ukuba babe nobisi oluninzi kunye nenyama. I-Burenki ayinakuthobela ukutya kunye nomoya wokuqukethwe. Inkcazo yohlobo olusisigxina lweenkomo luqulethe izinto ezinjalo:

1. Ukulungelelanisa kakuhle - i-burrs ivakale kakhulu kwiimeko ezimbi.
2. Ezi zifuyo zifanelekile ekudleni kwiintlambo kunye nemithambeka.
3. Iimimiselo zineemilenze ezinamandla kunye neentonga, ezixhatshazwayo.
4. Ezi nkomo zizinzileyo, zixhasayo kwaye zingenangqondo ekudleni. Ngexesha lokunqongophala kokutya, bafuna ukutya ngokutya ngokuzithandela, ngelixa behlala bevelisa iziqhamo kunye nempilo.
5. I-Swiss Burenki inobomi obunokuthula, iyahlukaniswa yimvelo yentsapho efanelekileyo. Genera kubo, njengommiselo, qhubeka ngaphandle kweengxaki. Uhlobo lusekuqaleni-ukukhula, ubudala be-calving yokuqala buyiinyanga ezingama-31.

Iimpawu zohlobo oluqhelekileyo

Impawu emfutshane yohlobo oluqhelekileyo:

1. Umbala weenkomo uphaphaza, utyumba, ngamanye amaxesha obomvu. Ininzi yezilwanyana ezibomvu ezimhlophe okanye abantu abomvu-motley bafunyanwa.
2. Iphondo linomzimba wesisu, ithambo elinamandla elinamandla. Iinkomo zikhulu, ukukhula ekubuneni kukuyi-136-148 cm, umzimba ukhululekile, u-160-165 cm ubude.
3. Iimfono zihluke intloko enamandla enekhanda elikhulu.
4. Iiphondo - i-beige, iqhutywe ngokuqhelekileyo, i-pin-gently pink.
5. Isizwe siyabonakala ngenxa yesigxina sayo esinamandla kunye nesezantsi, imilenze eqinile. Isifuba sinzulu (67-73 cm), ububanzi (44-48 cm), kunye nebhinti enkulu kunye nesifuba esifutshane seenkomo.
6. Abantu abavuthiweyo balinganisa i-550-650 kg, abesilisa - 900-1200 kg, bagqiba ukukhula kwiminyaka engama-4-5.

Iintlobo zeentlobo zeenkomo

Uhlobo lweSimmental lweenkomo lubhekisela kwiintlobo zobume-nobisi (oludibeneyo) umgca wokuvelisa - unikezela ubisi kunye nenyama ngemali eninzi. Ngokusetyenziswa kweemimiselo, ininzi yeenkomo zenkomo ziye zahlulwa - obomvu iSadovskaya, isiHungary eguquguqukileyo, obomvu waseBulgaria, i-Slovak-red-mottled, i-monkeybirds kunye neenqwelo.

Uhlobo lweenkomo ezizimeleyo-iinkonzo kunye neengxaki

Abalimi bakhetha ukuzaliswa kweenkomo zenkomo phakathi kweminye iisampula zeenkomo ngenxa yeenzuzo zeengxowa-mali:

1. Ukuzaliswa kohlobo lweSimmental luzuzisa, lunikeza ngokukodwa okucwangcisiweyo okubini kwezoqoqosho - ubisi kunye nenyama.
2. Ukungaqhelekanga kwifowder yamathole kunye nabantu abadala.
3. Umjikelo wokuhlala ubisi lwezilwanyana ezincinci ixesha elide, okunciphisa iindleko zokutya kwethole.
4. Ukulungelelanisa lula kumxholo wendalo.
5. Isiqhamo esihle kakhulu, esiye saba yinto ephezulu kakhulu yeengcambu xa iwela nezinye iinkomo.
6. I-serenity yezilwanyana, ukunyaniseka kwabo kunye nempilo entle.
7. Ukulinda ixesha elide lobomi, umntu unamanani afanelekileyo okuvelisa, nokuba eneminyaka eyi-12-14.

Ngamanye amaxesha kuphazamiseka:

1. Ukumiswa okungalunganga kwamalungu - emlenzeni "umlenze wendlovu", nangaphambili - ukuguqulwa ngaphandle.
2. Uphuhliso oluthathaka lwekota yangaphambili yesondlo.
3. Umqolo wentamo.
4. Isifuba esincinci senziwe ngokubanzi.
5. Ngamanye amaxesha, i-"fatder udder" ichaziwe.

Ukuveliswa kohlobo lweSimmental

Ubisi balobu buhlanga lunomdla obalaseleyo, lubonakaliswa ngumlinganiselo ophezulu weprotheni, uphelele ukwenza iichizi. I-Burenki inokuziqhayisa ngokugqithisa. Zingaphi iintlobo zeSimmental zinika ubisi: i-3.5 - 5 itoni ngonyaka, nge-ration efanelekileyo-ukuya kwiiyithandathu ezi-6, iirekodi ziyi-12-14 itoni. Umxholo we-fat - malunga ne-4% (ukuya kwi-6%). Ukuveliswa kwesilwanyana esinye seminyaka eyi-15, ngexesha apho kunokwenzeka ukufumana malunga neetoni ezingama-52 zobisi kunye nezijikelezo ezizinzileyo zobisi.

Izilwanyana ezikhulayo zikhulisa isisindo sayo ngokukhawuleza kwaye zihambelana, kunye ne-1300 kg yeenkomo zenkomo. Ienkomo zilinganisela phakathi kwe-500 no-1000 kg. Ekuxhelweni, isizwe esinamafutha sinika ama-56% enyama kwisisindo sayo, kunye neenkunzi zeenkunzi ngaphezulu-ukuya kuma-65%. Inkomo iyahlukaniswa nomgangatho wayo obalaseleyo, umxholo ophezulu we-caloric, i-fibers ethambileyo kunye ne-fat content efika kwi-12%.

Ukutyalwa kweenkunzi zeenkomo zenkomo

Iimpawu zexesha elide zizibonakalisa ngokwazo njengentlobo kunye nezinga eliphezulu lokufumana ubunzima kulo lonke ixesha lokukhula. Amathole akhiwa amakhulu, ama-35-45 kg, ukwandisa ubunzima bawo kwiinyanga ezintandathu ukuya ngaphantsi kwamaxesha amane. Ukukhula kancinci kulula - izilwanyana ziyafaneleka, akufuneki ukuba zenze indawo engafanelekanga yophuhliso kunye nokunyusa ingqalelo.

Ukufumana inyama, abalimi bayacetyiswa ukuba batyebe ama-Simmental oxhole. Xa basesidongeni banokufaka i-1-1.1 kg ngosuku ngosuku ubunzima. Kwiinyanga ezili-12 ubunzima beenkomo zenkomo zi malunga ne-400 kg, ithole ngonyaka lilinganisa iikhilo ezili-100. Iiveki zokuqala eziyi-8 zethole zondliwa kuphela ngemveliso yobisi. Ukususela kwiinyanga ezi-3-6 isilwanyana sidinga iiprotheyini ezininzi, njengokuba udoti luncedo ngqolowa, ininzi ngobuninzi (kwintyatyambo eluhlaza), imifuno. Kwiinyanga ezili-15-20 zala madoda abancinci, ahlonyelwe ukunyusa, kunye namathole athatywayo athunyelwa ekuxhelweni.