Ukuze uqokelele isivuno esihle se-apula, kubalulekile ukunyamekela imithi. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwezicwangciso ezinokungcolisa izilwanyana ezincinci ezinokutshabalalisa iifama ezincinane, iintyatyambo, amaqabunga kunye neziqhamo Ukugcina isityalo kwisiganeko ukuba izibungu zivela kwisihlahla se-apula - indlela yokujongana nabo ngoncedo lwezakhempi kunye nezilwanyana.
Apple moth
Abantu abaninzi, bebona iimbumba, bangathathi nantoni na, bekholelwa ukuba baya kufa ngeli xesha lebusika, kodwa le ngcamango ephosakeleyo, kuba ukubonakala kwamagqabi okuqala kudlulela kwizenzo ezisebenzayo. I-apula-tree isermin ichaphazela amaqabunga amaqabunga, idla amaqanda aphakathi kwaye abekayo apha kwiwebhu. Xa izibindi zijika zibe ngamaqabunga, sele sele zichitha imbewu kumasebe, njengoko kubonakaliswe yi-mucus kwi-bark.
Kukho izibindi ezinokuqala kokushisa emva kokuvela kweentso, kunye neendlumbane zingabonwa kwimihla yokuqala kaJuni. Ebumnyameni, baqhuba ubomi obunomdla kakhulu. Ziba negalelo ekungabikho kwazo kwamanyathelo okukhusela, ngoko ke ekwindla kuyimfuneko ukutshisa onke amaqabunga aweleyo kwaye ukhangele i-bark ukuze ususe ubugcisa. Ekwindla, unyango olufunekayo kunye namalungiselelo akhethekileyo kufuneka lwenziwe. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba kukho izibindi kwi-apula, indlela yokujongana nabo, ngaphandle koko kukho umngcipheko wokulahlekelwa ngokupheleleyo kwesityalo.
Apple Fruitboard
Inkathazo eqhelekileyo leyo, ukuba ingashiywa ngaphandle, ingakhokelela ekubhujisweni kweziqhamo. Ukhokelela ngobomi busuku, ngoko kunzima ukuyijonga. Iflyflyfly ibeka amaqanda angaba ngu-80, apho iiveki ezimbalwa zivela khona kwaye zilula ukubona. Kubalulekile ukwazi izibonakaliso zokuhlaselwa kwe- apple moth , amanyathelo omzabalazo kunye nezizathu zokubangela ukuhlangabezana nale ngxaki. Iibumba ziqala ukutshabalalisa amahlamvu amancinci, ize idlule kwisiqhamo. Ukwenza oku, sebenzisa ezi ngcebiso:
- Tyala malunga nemithi ininzi yeentyatyambo, ukutsala iintlobo zezilwanyana, ezisoyikayo inundu. Abamelwane abalungileyo bakhonlic, utamatisi kunye nedill.
- Ngentwasahlobo, hlambulula i-bark, kwaye ekwindla ukhulule umhlaba malunga nesiqu uze ususe amahlamvu.
I-Silkworm kwi-apula
Izityalo ze-silkworm zingaba zizathu zokutshatyalaliswa komgangatho wee-apula. Kukho iintlobo ezinemibala ejikelezayo ezinqabileyo kwinqanaba leqanda, kwaye entwasahlobo emva kokuvela kweentso, izibungu ziqala ukudla iinjongo kunye namaqabunga. Phakathi kweevemvane zasehlotyeni zisebenza, kwaye zibeka amaqanda, zenze i-ring thickness ejikeleze amasebe. Iifumba zidla ngokukhawuleza iindawo zomgca weqabunga lamagqabi. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba iiflemu zivela njani kwisihlahla se-apula, indlela yokujongana nayo kunye nendlela yokukhusela ukubonakala kwenkathazo. Kwaye sele sele kusekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kunconywa ukuba unqunyulwe amagatsha nge-oviposition, uwafake emgodini ovulekileyo kwaye uwabeke emithini.
Enye iindidi - i-silkworm engaphiliyo iphinda ihlasele amaqanda. Ubumbano bubunzima obunzima kwaye bunxibe ngeenwele. Izibungu ezinomlilo zihanjiswa ngumoya womoya kwenye imithi. Badla iifama, iintyatyambo kunye nama-ovari. Ngomsebenzi okwandisiweyo, amaqabunga angatshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba kukho iimbumba ze-silkworms kwisihlahla se-apula, indlela yokujongana nayo-ekwindla, qi niqiniseke ukuba uhlole yonke imithi, i-stumps kunye nokuba ngamatye kwaye uphawule yonke indawo yokubambisa ngommese.
Ubumbane omnyama kwi-apula
I-Caterpillar eneentambo ezimnyama - i- hawthorn , ezonakalisa iiflethi zamagqabi ze-apula. Uyaziqhayisa kwiindawo ezenziwe ngamacangca kwaye ziboshwe ngamacwebhu, kwaye entwasahlobo zichithe iinjongo. Amacumbane amnyama amnyama kwi-apula umthi phakathi kwehlobo ayenama-butterflies, kwaye abeka amaqanda awo kumaqabunga. Kufanelekile ukukhankanya ukuba iintlekele zifumaneka rhoqo kwiindawo ezimanzi kunye nokufikelela okuvulelekileyo kumanzi. Kubalulekile ukulwa nabo rhoqo, ukuqokelela kunye nokutshabalalisa izidleke zeebhodi ze hawthorn.
Iifumba kwi-apula umthi kwiwebhu
Ezinye iinambuzane zingabonakaliswa ngumqondiso obonakalayo-iwebhu. Yakhiwa yi-apple moth, i-silkworms kunye nenundu yebusika. Ukongeza kwiindlela zamakhemikhali kunye neendlela zokutshatyalaliswa ezichazwe ngezantsi, indlela yokulawula yokusetyenziswa isetyenziswa kwakhona. Ukuba unomdla kwizinto ozozenzayo, ukuba iibhodi kunye neembumba ziphezu kwemithi ye-apula, ngoko iingcali zincoma ukuba ukuze zilwa neentlanzi entwasahlobo, zinqunyulwe ngamanqabunga amahlamvu, ezonakaliswe kwaye zibomvu. Ngexesha apho iimbumba zivele zivele khona, unokuqokelela amacwebhu ngokwabo, kwaye wenze ngcono kangangoko kusasa. Ukuqokelela izinto eziqokelelweyo.
Iibhokhwe kwi-apula-umthi - njani ukulwa nezilwanyana zomntu?
Izindlela ezikhuselekileyo zokususa iinambuzane ziyilungiso lomntu olubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwemveliso ekhoyo. Kukho iindlela ezininzi ezithandwayo zokususa iimbumba kwi-apula:
- Umhlonyane obunzima. I-grind yomile (350 g) okanye intsha (0.5 kg) umhlonyane kwaye uthele isityalo ngebhakethi yamanzi. Shiya usuku, uze ulethe emathunzini ngomlilo uze upheke imizuzu engama-30. Emva koko, yinyani uze ungeze 40 g yesepha ecosiweyo. Ukulwa namachule, uphefa ii-apula ngemveliso eyenziwe ngokulandelelana emva kokuphalaza kwiiveki zeeveki.
- Utamatisi ohlaza. Ukulwa nezibungu, kufuneka uthathe ama-4 kg amaqabunga, amahlumela kunye netamatato eluhlaza. Imifuno eluhlaza ithulule ibhakethi yamanzi, ulethe ekubiliseni kwaye upheke yonke into imizuzu engama-30. Iyakumisa i-decoction kwaye idibanise isepha, ekunikeni ukuba kuzo zonke iilitha ezingama-3 kufuneka zibe ngama-40 amagremu yesepha kunye neekitha ezili-10 zamanzi. Phalaza emva kokuphalaza kanye ngeveki. Umhluzi olungiselelwe unokugcinwa kwindawo epholile kunye emnyama kwisitya esivaliweyo.
- Ukuxuba. Thatha ingxowa ephikisana nokushisa okuphezulu, ufake amalahle atshisayo kuyo kwaye ufefe nge-resin ne-sulfuri, ingqalelo i-2: 1. Ngetanki, hamba ujikeleze imithi, ugubungele yonke indawo.
- Glue. Ukulwa nezibini, lungiselela ubunzima ngokuhlanganisa i-100 ml ye-resin, i-55 g ye-stearin kunye ne-60 g yeoli yengulube. Ukushisa ubunzima ukufezekisa ukufana okufanayo. Emva koko, pholile kwaye usetyenzise kwimimandla yemithi echaphazelekayo.
Indlela yokuphatha umthi we-apula kwiimvumba?
Kwizitolo ungafumana inani elikhulu leekhemikhali ezikhuselekileyo kubantu, kodwa ziyingozi kwiinambuzane. Kulabo abanomdla kwizinto zokupasa izibindi kwi-apula, kubalulekile ukubonisa iingcambu ze-insecticide kunye ne-organophosphorus zisebenza kakuhle. Bawabulala amaxhoba ngexesha lokuphuma kwamaqanda. Ngokomzekelo, unokuzisa: "Dimetoat", "Atom", "I-Admiral" kunye nabanye.
Ukulwa nezibungu, i-cyhalotrines ("iGladiator" kunye ne "Altyn") kunye nokulungiswa kwe-pyrethroid ("Isivumelwano" kunye no "Ivanhoe") zisetyenziswa. Phatha kusihlwa ngexesha lokubonakala kweembumba. Kubalulekile ukulandela ngokungqongqo imiyalelo. Ngethuba lokupunta, qiniseka ukuba amasebe emithi aqhutywe ngokupheleleyo. Ngexesha apho ama-butterflies ahamba ngokukhawuleza, ungasebenzisa i- "Herald" kunye ne "Dimilin".