Ukukhula utamatisi, kuyimfuneko ukwenza imizamo emininzi ukususela ekuqaleni: ukukhetha imbewu efanelekileyo, ukukhulela imbewu, ukutshala izithombo kwihlabathi, amanzi kunye nokutya izityalo. Kwaye ngolunye usuku, nini, kubonakala ngathi, kuhleli nje ukuvuna, ngokukhawuleza ufumanisa ukuba ihluma letamatato yaqala ukuma, kwaye iziqhamo ezifayo ziphendukile zimnyama. Oku kwenzeka ntoni? Kutheni i-tomato eluhlaza emanzini avulekileyo kunye ne-greenhouse, yintoni ukushisa oku kwenzekayo?
Kukho izizathu ezininzi zezi zinto. Oku kungaba yimpunga okanye i- vertex yokubola , eyenzekayo xa kunqongophala kwamanye amaminerali, ngokukodwa, i-calcium. Ukongezelela, utamatisi uphendulela omnyama emanzini ngenxa yokunyuka kwama-asidi omhlaba. Unokuba "utywala" izityalo kunye nezichumisi eziqukethe i-nitrogen. Kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo utamatisi uphendulela omnyama xa usulelekile kwi- phytophthora - isifo esiyifumba esisasazeka kwimifuno ethile, kubandakanywa namazambane.
Ngokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza, ukuphazamiseka kokukhawuleza kuvela kwimvula, imvula emanzi. Ekuqaleni, eso sifo sibonakala kumagqabi eepatato: inxalenye ephezulu ihlanganiswe ngamanqaku amdaka, kunye nesezantsi-nge-gray bloom. Kancinci, amaqabunga eitamatisi aphendulela abamnyama, kwaye emva koko iziqhamo eziluhlaza ziqala ukukhanya. Ngamanye amaxesha kunokubonakala ngathi i-phytophthora ayizange ifuthe iziqhamo, kodwa njengoko ikhula, iindawo ezibomvu zivela kubo, i-tomato ijikeleza ngaphakathi kwaye ayisasetyenziswa.
Esi sifo siqala ukusasazeka ngokukhawuleza ngoJulayi-Agasti, xa kubonakala ukugquma, ukugqithisa amazolo, ukuhluka phakathi kwamaxesha okushisa nobusuku kwanda.
Amanyathelo okukhusela ukungena kwexesha elide
Ukukhusela i-phytophthora kufuneka kwenziwe kwithuba elide ngaphambi kokuba luvele kumyezo wakho. Okokuqala, kuyimfuneko ukugcina ujikelezo lwezityalo kwindawo yakho: akukho mzekelo ukuba kufuneka utyale utamatisi emva kweetatate okanye kufuphi nayo. Ukongezelela, kubalulekile ukuthobela ukunyaniseka okuphezulu kokutshala iitamatato, ukhula lukhula rhoqo, lukhuphe onke amaqabunga agule okanye aphelile.
Kubaluleke ngokufanayo ukwenzela ukukhusela izifo zetamatato ngexesha lokungena kwaye zibophe imihlathi yeentlobo ezide. Kule meko, ukusuka kumhlaba ukuya kumaqabunga aphantsi kweso sityalo akumele kube ngaphantsi kweesentimitha ezilishumi elinesihlanu. Kwiqhekeza elincinci, kuya kuba nomoya okwaneleyo, oya kuthintela ukuvela kwezifo ezifayo.
Unokwenza kwakhona ukugcinwa kwemichiza yokukhusela i-tomato ekupheleni kwexesha elilandelayo: emva kokuqhakaza, thintela utamatato ohlaza nge-Acrobat, i-Metaxyl okanye i-Zaslon. Emva koko, njengoko amahlathi ekhula utamatisi, kufuneka aphathwe ngesisombululo saso nasiphi na i-fungicides, equka ubhedu.
Eyaziwa ngokubanzi yindlela eyaziwayo - ukubetha isiqu seentatayi ngocingo lobhedu kwindawo ephakamileyo malunga ne-15 cm ukusuka emhlabathini. Amathambo aya kunyuka esi sityalo aze athathe i ion iibhedu, ezisebenza njengesithintelo ekuphuhlisweni kwezifo zefungal.
Kuthekani ukuba utamatisi uphendulela omnyama?
Ukuba, nangona zonke iindlela zokuthintela, amaqabunga asomile kwiitamatato, kwaye iziphakamiso zeziqhamo zijika emnyama ukusuka ngaphantsi, ngoko kufuneka uqale ngokukhawuleza umzabalazo wokukhusela isityalo. Ukwenza oku, khetha enye yeentsuku ezinqabileyo kwaye uphefise iifotato zetamatato ngesisombululo se-calcium chloride okanye nje ngesisombululo seshushu se-saline. Kufakwe ifilimu yetyuwa yetamatato, eya kukhusela impilo
Emva kokuba imvula, ifafaze izityalo ezigulayo kunye nesisombululo se-1% se-Bordeaux fluids, esingenanga kwizityalo ngokwazo, ngoko ke emzimbeni womntu akayi kuwa.
Kukho iindlela ezininzi zabantu zokulwa nombane wokugqibela. Unokuyiphatha i-tomato ehlathini kunye ne-garlic infusion, umxube we-yogurt okanye ubisi oludibeneyo ngamanzi.
Sika kwaye utshabalalise i-tomato enobungozi, kwaye unqande izityalo eziluhlaza. Ngaphambi kokubeka ezo zitamatisi ngexesha lokuvuthwa, kufuneka baphathwe ngamanzi atshisayo kwindawo yokushisa efikelela kuma-70 ° C.