I-Gestalt unyango, ngokuchanekileyo, igama layo, lidla ngokuloyikisa umntu othetha isiRashiya. Kodwa enyanisweni, kweli lizwi kunye neengcambu zaseJamani akusiyo yonke into ebalulekileyo - "umfanekiso", "umfanekiso", "isitshixo." Namhlanje kuyindlela eyaziwayo kakhulu ye-psychotherapy yecandelo lobukhokeli.
Isiseko seyeza likaGestalt
I-Gestalt yonyango ithatha isiseko sayo seengqondo ze-psychoanalysis, iindlela zefilosofi, ubuchule be-psychodrama kunye nezinye iimpumelelo zesayensi. Ngokwenene, le ndlela iya kubumbanisa isazi seengqondo kunye nomxhasi kwisifundo esisodwa kwendlela abantu basebenziselwa ngayo ukusebenzisana nendalo nabantu. Kwaye neengxaki zindlela nje yokunxibelelana kule ngcamango.
Injongo yonyango kaGestalt kukunceda umntu abe namava ebomini bakhe. Ngelo xesha, umntu uqala ukuqonda ukuba utshintsho ebomini bakhe luqhelekileyo kwaye luyimfuneko.
Kukwazisa ngentshukumo yokuphila kwaye kunceda ukusinda mininzi yemiba. Ebomini, akukho static, kwaye ngenxa yoko ukuba iingxaki zezolo zisezona zibalulekile namhlanje, ngenxa yokuba iminqweno yabantu, iingcinga kunye nemeko ishintsha rhoqo. Nangona ukuthambekela kwendalo yomntu kwimeko yokulinganisa, isimo sethu sitshintsha: okokuqala, iminqweno emitsha ibonakala, ngoko siyazicacisa, ngoko siyazifuna, siyazifezekisa, siyavuya, siyaziqonda, siphelile kwaye sibuyele kwizinga le-zero. Le nkqubo iqhubeka kwaye ayinakuphela. Umgaqo ophambili we-Gestalt unyango ukwamkela into ejikelezayo kunye nokudlala nayo, ukuhlangabezana nobunzima kumdlalo wecandelo.
Izindlela ze-Gestalt unyango
Zonke iindlela zijolise ekuqinisekiseni ukuba umntu ufumanisa ngazo zonke iindawo ezi-5 ezibalulekileyo zobomi. Ezi ziquka:
- Ngqiqweni. Oku kubandakanya ukukwazi ukucinga ngokulinganayo, ukucwangcisa, ukuhlalutya, ukudala nokukulindela iziphumo zezenzo.
- Umoya. Kule nqanaba yindawo ekujongene nayo, iimvakalelo, ukukwazi ukuzityhila nokuziqonda kwabanye abantu.
- LweNtlalo. Oku kuquka ubudlelwane nabanye, bonke oonxibelelwano loluntu.
- Ngokomoya. Kule nqanaba, ukuqonda komntu kwindalo kunye nayo ngokwayo, ulwazi lwemithetho yobomi, iimpawu zokuziphatha kunye neentsingiselo.
- Zemvelo. Oku kubandakanya ukuzinzi-mali, impilo kunye nokukhula ngokwesini.
Enyanisweni, kukho indlela yokunyanzeliswa komntu ngamnye eya kwahlula ulwalamano lwe-Gestalt yintsapho ukusuka kwezinye iinguqu zayo.
I-Basic Gestalt iTranstic Techniques
Inendima ebalulekileyo yezobugcisa be-Gestalt yonyango inikwe umsebenzi wokusebenza ngamatyala, kuba enye yeenkolelo ezibalulekileyo kule ngqungquthela kukuba umntu udibanisa izichaso. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphezu koko, kukho ezinye iindlela kunye nobuchule be-Gestalt unyango:
- ukuqonda (ngaye ingxaki iyamkelwa);
- kugxininisa amandla (amandla okukhetha i-vector thinking right);
- Ukwamkela uxanduva ("ubomi bam yindlela endenza ngayo");
- ukuthatha indawo yombono wemeko (ukusuka kumbi ukuya kwizinto ezintle);
- ukuphulaphula ngokunyanisekileyo ukuphulaphula (uvelwano olusuka kumthandi);
- ukuzisa ingxaki
ukungaqondi (ukwenzela ukunciphisa ukubaluleka kwayo); - isangqa (ingxelo kwingxelo yomthengi kwiqela);
- Isihlalo "esishisayo", isihlalo "esingenanto" (inqobo evumela ukuba isebenze kwiqela njengokungathi unxibelelwano luhamba nomxhasi omnye).
Ulwaphulo lwe-Gestalt namhlanje luyindlela ethandwa kakhulu ekuncedeni abantu ukufumana ibhalansi, ukujamelana neemeko ezixinzelelekileyo, ukujonga ubomi babo ukusuka kwinqanaba elitsha kwaye kuthathe uxanduva kwizinto ezenzekayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo oku kuyimfuneko yomntu ukwenzela ukuba utshintshe indlela yokujonga ngayo ubomi.