Ngokubonakala kweempawu ezingathandekiyo, izibonakaliso zezifo zenkqubo ye-endocrine, izigulane ziya kumgqirha onokuzibuyisela kwi-endocrinologist. Abaninzi baqhelana nalo gqirha ngethuba lokuqala kwaye babuzwa ngombuzo othi: "Uthini i-endocrinologist?". Kwintsimi yakhe yomsebenzi yinkalo yezilwanyana ezinoxanduva lokukhutshwa kwama-hormone emzimbeni, kungekhona kuphela.
I-Endocrinologist - ngubani lo kwaye uyaphilisa?
Inkqubo ye-endocrine yomzimba idlulisa ulwazi phakathi kwama-tissu kunye neeseli kwaye, ngoncedo lwama-hormone, lilawula umsebenzi wabo. Imisebenzi yongcali kule nkonzo kukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okusebenzayo nokungaphazamisekiyo kwenkqubo kunye nokufumana iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokuphelisa ukuphulwa okwenzekile. I-endocrinologist diagnostic and treatments of endocrine, ithatha amanyathelo okukhusela ukuba kwenzeke ukungaphumeleli ngokuphindaphindiweyo.
I-Endocrinologist - ngubani lo?
Lo msebenzi wezobugqirha unokubhekiswa kwiinkalo ezininzi zeengcali. Nangona akwazi ukubandakanya umsebenzi omnye, umzekelo, i-endocrinologist-gynecologist iyakhathaza izifo ze-hormonal zesigaba somzimba wesetyhini, kwaye i-endocrinologist yenza imisebenzi ye- thyroid gland . Kodwa ngokubanzi, i-endocrinologist ngugqirha okhuphayo kwaye olawula iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezilwanyana ezinxulumene namaziko kungekhona kuphela kwe-endocrine, kodwa nakwezinye iinkqubo, ukuba ukuphazamiseka komnye kubangela iingxaki zenye. Ukongezelela, izigatshana ze-endocrinology ziquka:
- isifo sikashukela;
- endocrinology yabantwana.
Isifo sikashukela sisinye seengxaki eziqhelekileyo neziqhelekileyo eziya kwiingcali zeli fayile. Ukongezelela, uhlola kwaye uphatha isifo sezilwanyana kunye neengqungquthela: i-thyroid gland, i-adrenal gland, i-pituitary gland, i-hypothalamus, njl. Kwizifo kunye neemeko ezithathwa yi-endocrinologist, zibandakanya:
- i-acromegaly (ukuveliswa kwemali enkulu ye-hormone yokukhula);
- isifo seswekile ;
- izifo;
- pancreatitis ;
- ukungafezeki kwamanani , kuquka isifo sika-Itenko-Cushing ;
- imfundo kwi-thyroid gland;
- ukuphulwa kwe-lipid metabolism, njl
I-Endocrinologist - yintoni ephilisa abafazi?
Yintoni i-endocrinologist ekuphatheni ngayo ngokwesini esilungileyo? Izifo zesibini zesimiso se-endocrine zidla ngokudibanisa ne-thyroid gland. Ezi zi-pathologies ezifana ne-hypothyroidism kunye ne-thyrotoxicosis, i-thyroiditis ye-autoimmune, i-diffuse-toxic, i-nodular ne-endemic goiter, i-tumors. Iingxaki nge-lactation, i-hormone yamadoda engaphezulu - ezi ngxaki zixazululwa ngugqirha. Ngamanye amaxesha umfazi ubonisa ukuphulwa kweentlobano zesini, ezibonakaliswe ukulibaziseka kumjikelezo wokuya esikhathini, ukunyuka kunye nama-ovaries e-polycystic.
Kodwa ekufunyeneni kugqirha kuza kunye nezinye izizathu, ezingaxhomekeke kwizifo. Kulo lonke ubomi, ibhinqa lingafuna iingcebiso kwiingcali:
- Kunconywa ukuyiqwalasela kwinqanaba lokucwangcisa ukukhulelwa .
- Iingxoxo kunye nogqirha zisoloko zifunwa ngexesha lokuthathwa komntwana (ukuhlolwa okucwangcisiweyo kwaye ngokukodwa ukuba kukho ukuphulwa).
- Uviwo lokukhusela luqhutywa ngabasetyhini ngexesha lokuphuma kwesisu.
- Ukukhethwa kwee-contraceptive ze-hormonal kungaphathwa ngokukhuselekileyo kwi-endocrinologist.
I-Endocrinologist - yintoni ephilisa amadoda?
Ngeempawu ezivakalisiweyo ezibonisa ukukhubazeka kwenkqubo ye-hormonal, izigulane zesilisa zithunyelwa kwi-endocrinologist, ngamanye amaxesha ngokubambisana nohambo lwe-urologist. Ukugqitha kwamahomoni amabhinqa (kubonakaliswe ukwandiswa kwezilwanyana ezincinci), ukuphazamiseka komsebenzi wesondo, ubunzima obukhulu, njl. - iingxaki ezibhekiswe kugqirha. Ziziphi iintlobo zesifo se-endocrinologist esiphatha amadoda?
- ukungabikho;
- izicubu ze-apodoma;
- ukuphambuka ekuphuhlisweni kweentlobano zesini;
- ne-androgen;
- i-aprostatitis kunye ne-prostate adenoma;
- ukuphulwa komzimba we-calcium metabolism.
I-Endocrinologist - yintoni ephilisa kubantwana?
I-endocrinology yezilwanyana enye yeerigatya zeli candelo leyeza. Iingcali zijongene neengxaki zentsapho kunye nezifo, zihlola ukusebenza kakuhle kweengqungquthela kunye namalungu. Ukungalingani kwe-hormonal kunokwenzeka ngokusemncinci. Indawo yengxaki inquma ukuba zeziphi izifo ezithatha i-endocrinologist.
- I-Hypothyroidism - ukungabikho kwee-hormone ze-thyroid - ngamanye amaxesha kubangela ukulibala kwengqondo.
- Isiphumo sokungasebenzi okungafanelekanga kwe-pituitary gland yinto enzima kunye ne-gigantism.
- Ukuba izilonda ze-adrenal zisebenza kakubi, zivelise i-cortisol encane nezinye i-hormone, isifo esingaqhelekanga se-Addison kunye ne-goiter esasazekayo.
- Ama-anomali ekuphuhlisweni kweentlanzi zesondo zityhilwa kwixesha lokusasaza.
I-endocrinologist ithatha njani ukumkela?
Ukwamkelwa kwe-endocrinologist kunconywa kanye ngonyaka, ngakumbi amadoda namabhinqa emva kweminyaka engama-45-50. Kodwa kungakhathaliseki ubudala, kufuneka uqaphele impilo yakho kwaye ungayihoyi nayiphi na utshintsho echaphazela inkqubo ye-endocrine. Umntu kufuneka alwayiswe ngeempawu ezifana nokunyuka okukhulu, ukunyuka kwesantya, ukunyamezela okungapheliyo, ukuthuthumela, intlungu edibeneyo, njl njl. Zonke izigulane ezithunyelwa kugqirha okokuqala zibuzwa: njani i-endocrinologist ithatha utyunjwa? Iskimu sinje:
- Njengabo bonke oogqirha, ingcali kule ndawo iqala ukufumana isigulane, ukuqokelela i-anamnesis, ukufumana izikhalazo nokufunda irekhodi yezogulane. Kubaluleke kakhulu kukubakho kwezifo ezingapheliyo.
- Ugqirha uqhuba uviwo.
- Isigulana sidlulisa iimvavanyo kwaye sibuyela kwakhona okwesibini emva kokuba iziphumo zilungele.
Ziyiphi iipasiti okanye zenze ntoni uphenyo lwe-endocrinologist?
Ukuhlolwa kokuqala kwe-endocrinologist akufuneki ukulungiswa kwaye kuyafana okufanayo. Ugqirha uphawuleza uxinzelelo lwegazi, u-pulse, uhlolisisa ulusu olumileyo, luphulaphula intliziyo, luhlola i-thyroid (ukuhlolisisa ubukho bobunjwa, uqikelele ubungakanani kunye nokulingana kwesakhiwo) kunye neelymode. Uhlobo lugqirha ogqirha ugqirha alusebenzisa ngexesha loviwo. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha isigulane sisilinganiswa kwaye sibuzwa malunga nokunyuka kwamanani ukujonga ukuba kukho ukuthambekela kokukhuluphala, ukulinganisa ubude bakhe. Kwakhona kwiofisi yegqirha kukho i-glucometer.
Ukubonisana ne-endocrinologist
Ukwazi ukuba i-endocrinologist diagnostic and treatments, ungayibhekisela kuyo xa izibonakaliso zokuqala ze-malaise zivela, ezibonisa iingxaki ze-hormonal, isifo sikashukela nezinye izifo. Isigulane sifanele silungele ukuphendula imibuzo malunga nezifo ezingapheliyo, imeko yempilo okwangoku, iimpawu zokuqala zokudakalisa. Ngamanye amaxesha iingcebiso ze-endocrinologist iyadingeka njengokuthintela. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi kubasetyhini abacwangcisa ukukhulelwa, kodwa baneengxaki ngeenkqubo ze-endocrine.
Ziziphi izihlalutyo ezimiselweyo okanye ezikhethwe yi-endocrinologist?
Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zoviwo kunye nombuzo wesigulane, ugqirha uyalela ukuba kwenziwe iimvavanyo zelabhoratri eziza kusungula umfanekiso ochanekileyo wesifo. Ukuhlalutya kwe-endocrinologist ingaquka:
- igazi legazi;
- I-ultrasound izitho zangaphakathi, i-thyroid;
- iimvavanyo jikelele zomchamo negazi;
- ukuhanjiswa kwegazi kwiiprofayili ze-hormonal;
- uphando ngoshukela, njl.
Xa udibana ne-endocrinologist?
Ngombulelo kwiingqungquthela zokuvimba kwangaphakathi, ama-hormone anceda umzimba ukuba usebenze ngendlela efanelekileyo. Ukugqithisa okanye ukungabikho kwama-hormone (enye okanye emininzi) yenza ukuba uqaphele iimpawu ezingathandekiyo, kodwa kungekho rhoqo. Ukungahoyi iimpawu zezifo kudideke ngokugqithiseleyo ngokubanda, ukutyhefuza kunye ne-malaise encinci, ngokuzimela ngokuzimela. Kubuhlungu kuphela isimo sezempilo. Kodwa kukho iimeko xa kuyimfuneko ukuqhagamshelana ne-endocrinologist ngokukhawuleza. Iimpawu ezingenakukunyanzelwa:
- Ukubuhlungu rhoqo kunye nokukhahlela emqaleni, utshintshe kwisigxina sezwi. Mhlawumbi, iphoso kwisifo se-thyroid sinokugwetywa.
- I-Mood ishintsho, ukulila, ukucaphuka. Ngoko inkqubo yeentlanzi iphendula kwiingxaki ze-hormonal.
- Ukudayela ngokukhawuleza okanye ukunciphisa umzimba. Utshintsho oluthile lobunzima bomzimba lubonisa ubukho beengxaki ze-endocrine.
- Ukukhula kweenwele ezisebenzayo okanye ukulahleka kweenwele. Apha, ukulungiswa kwehommone kuyadingeka.
- Iimpawu ze-hypothyroidism - ukunciphisa ingqalelo, ukulala, ukukhathala.
Iingcebiso ze-Endocrinologist
Ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo, i-endocrinologist inxulumene nezinye izikhokelo zonyango. Ingathunyelwa kuye emva kokuvavanywa kwengcali, udokotela wezilwanyana, ugqirha. Kungekudala, umsebenzi odibeneyo we-endocrinologist-nutritionist ufumana ukuthandwa, okukunceda ukulungelelanisa ukutya, ukunyusa umzimba okanye ukunciphisa. Umsebenzi walo oyintloko kukuba ubonakalise ukuphazamiseka kweenkqubo ezibangelwa ukukhuluphala. Iingcebiso ze-endocrinologist indlela yokulahlekelwa isisindo kubandakanya ukuchaza ukutya kunye nokuzivocavoca. Ngenxa yokunikwa kwe-patient anamnesis, indlela yokufikelela nganye iyacwangcisa.
Iingcebiso eziphambili, eziza kwiingcali, zixhalabisa ngomsebenzi we-thyroid gland, ukuqiniswa kwayo kunye nokukhuselwa kwezifo.
Iingcebiso ezinikezelwa ngugqirha zilandelayo:
- Ukuxhaswa ngokubanzi komzimba - ubuthongo obuhle, umzimba, isondlo esifanelekileyo.
- Ukulahla kotywala nokutshaya.
- Ukuphepheka kwamaqondo obushushu (ubushushu, ubushushu).
- Ukubonelela nge-iodine yomzimba kukusetyenziswa kokutya okunotyebi kwi-iodine.
- Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwexinzelelo.
- Ukutyelela ngonyaka kwi-endocrine.
Nasiphi na isifo kulula ukukhusela kunokusilahleka kamva. Ukuqonda oko i-endocrinologist isebenza ngayo, ungabhalela le ngcali ukuba unempawu eziyingozi kwaye uyakrokra ukukhubazeka kwenkqubo ye-endocrine. Ukulungelelanisa isigulane kuya kunceda ugqirha emsebenzini okanye kwi-klinikhi, uya kubhala ukuthunyelwa kwi-endocrinologist.