Isifo sikashukela sibhekisela kwisifo esibonakaliswe ukwanda kwamanzi. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zesifo sikashukela esinegama elifanayo: ushukela kunye nonoshukela, kodwa ngaphandle kokufana kwamagama, ezi zifo azifani, kwaye ngezinye iindlela zichasene. I-non-diabetes mellitus inenye i-etiology, ibonakalisa kwezinye iimpawu kwaye ifuna inkqubo yonyango ekhethekileyo.
Ushukela nesifo sikashukela se-insipidus --hluko
Ushukela nesifo sikashukela se-insipidus sibonakala ngokunyuka kwamanzi. Ixesha eliyisifo sikashukela ngokwayo liguqulelwe ngokuthi "kudlula". Nangona kunjalo, phakathi kweswekile kunye nesifo sikashukela i-insipidus kukho inani lezinto ezibalulekileyo:
- Ukukhula. I-non-diabetes mellitus ayiqhelekanga kakhulu kuneshukela kwaye iyingcambu ye-pathologies.
- Isizathu. Ukubonakala kwesifo sikashukela kunokukhokelela ekuhambeni kokungalunganga, ukungaphumeleli kwiinkqubo zokuxilonga. Izimbangela zesifo sikashukela i-insipidus zinokubangelwa yintlungu, ukungenelela kwe-neurosurgical, ukuphazamiseka kwimijikelezo yegazi, iinkqubo zesisu seengqondo, isifo sesifo.
- IHormones. Izigulane ezineesifo seswekile zine-hormone ye-insulin, kwaye i-insipid-i-vasopressin.
- Ngaphezulu kwezinto. Ngesifo sikashukela, kukho ukwanda kwe-glucose, kwaye kwimeko yeso iswekile, i-salts kunye ne-electrolytes.
- Isizathu sokwanda kwamanzi. Kwi- diabetes, kukho ukugqithisa kwe-glucose, apho umzimba uzama ukulahla ngokukhupha umkhiqizo. Nge-diabetes insipidus, nayiphi na intso ayikwazi ukusebenzisana ne-hormone yokulwa nesifo sikashukela okanye ungayifumani.
Iifom zesifo sikashukela se-insipidus
I-non-diabetes mellitus ikhula ngomsebenzi onganeleyo we-hormone vasopressin. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiphina inxalenye yomzimba kukho ukuphazamiseka, ezi zihlobo ezimbini zesifo ziyaziwa:
- Ifom ephakathi. Olu hlobo lwesifo sikashukela lusungulwa ngenxa yeziphazamiso emsebenzini wesebe yengqondo. I-hormone ye-antidiuretic iphelile ukuba iveliswe okanye ingahanjiswa kwigazi.
- Ifom ye-Renal. Isifo sikashukela sikhula ngenxa yokungakwazi kwezintso ukuthatha i-vasopressin.
Iintsholongwane zeswekile zesifo
I-Nephrigenic insipidus ithathwa njengesifo esinqabileyo. Yakhiwe ngenxa yeenguqu zofuzo okanye njengempembelelo ecaleni yokuthatha amayeza. Iingxama zokuyeka ukuphendula kwi-hormone kwaye zenze umthamo omkhulu we-urpotonic urine. Umzimba ulahlekelwa ngumbane kunye netyuwa kwiimali ezingamkelekanga, ngoko ke isiguli siqala ukuziva sinxanelwe. Unyango olungelululwanga lunokubangela ukuba kubekho i-gap yentuthuko kubantwana, nakubantu abadala-kwiingxaki ze-neurological.
Isifo sikashukela esisisigxina
I-central diabetes insipidus, i-pathogenesis kunye nonyango baye bafundiswa ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yokunyuka kwinani lezifo. Oku kungenxa yokunyuka kwenani lezenzo kwiingqondo kunye nokulimala kwentloko. I-hormone vasopressin ifihliwe ngumzimba njengoko iyimfuneko kwaye iphendulela kwiinguqu ezincinci kummandla we-plasma yegazi. Ngaphakathi kwesifo sikashukela i-insipidus kukho isiphene kwi-vasopressin secretion, ngenxa yesiphumo sokukhupha umchamo rhoqo.
Iingxaki zesifo sikashukela
Isifo sikashukela se-non-sugar type singavela ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, oogqirha abakwazi ukuchonga i-etiology, eyongezele ukwanda kwamanzi. Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zesifo zi:
- ukungaphumeleli kwi-hypothalamus njengengxaki emva kwezifo ezithathelwanayo;
- ingqungquthela, ukuvuvukala okanye ukuvuvukala kwengqondo, ukukhathazeka kwentloko;
- inkxalabo emva kwemisebenzi ye-neurosurgical;
- ukuphazamiseka kwentsholongwane engqondweni ;
- Izifo zengqondo: izicubu, ukuvuvukala, i-cysts, utshintsho olubi;
- nemiphumo emibi yeziyobisi;
- iintsholongwane zomntwana zesifo okanye iinxalenye zesifo sengqondo.
Ukungabikho kweswekile ngesifo sikashukela
Ukungabikho kwesifo sikashukela, iimpawu ezinzima kakhulu, ziyafunyaniswa ukuba sele ziqale ukuqala kwesi sifo. Iimpawu eziphambili zolu hlobo lwesifo esingenasiphelo sesi sifo banxanxwa kwaye bavutha rhoqo. I-Urine iyakunikwa i-30 ilitha ngosuku, ebangela ukuba isigulane singakhathazeki kwaye simenze abe nexhala. Ezinye iimpawu zesifo sikashukela i-insipidus zi:
- ukwanda okwenziwe kwesibindi;
- uxhalaba, ukwesaba;
- ukulala okanye ingxaki yokulala;
- ukunciphisa imveliso yokujuluka;
- uxinzelelo lomngqu
- ukutya okubuthathaka;
- isikhumba esomileyo kunye neembumbulu ezinamaqabunga ngenxa yokudambisa amanzi ;
- ukuphazamiseka kokuhamba kwindoda kubasetyhini kunye nokungabi namandla kumadoda.
Ukungabikho kweswekile-isifo sikashukela - ukuxilongwa
Ugqirha unokurhoxisa ukuxilongwa "kwesifo sikashukela esisebusweni" esekelwe kwizikhalazo zesigulane. Ukomeleza kunye nokwabiwa kwemali emininzi yimiqondiso ephambili yobukho besifo. Ukuqinisekisa ukusola, banikezelwa ezinjalo iintlobo zokuxilonga:
- Ityala likaZimnitsky, elinceda ukucacisa inani lokuvelisa umchamo, ubuninzi bezantengiselwano kunye ne-hyponatriuria;
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nge-calcium, i-potassium kunye ne-glucose;
- vavanyo ngokuma;
- I-X-ray ne-MRI yengqondo;
- I-ultrasound kunye ne-CT yeentso, kwiimeko ezinqabileyo - i- kidney biopsy .
Iingxaki zesifo seswekile
I-Hyperglycemia, i-hypoglycemia - isifo sikashukela i-insipidus ifana nezinye iimpawu ezisisiseko. Ukuba ukukhankanywa kwe-diabetes insipidus kufuneka ibe luhlu lweemvavanyo:
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi jikelele (i-hemoglobin, inani le-erythrocytes kunye ne-leukocyte liya kunyuswa);
- vavanyo lomchamo jikelele ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukungabikho kwe-acetone kunye noshukela;
- ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwi-biochemistry kunye nama-hormone (isifo seswekile sinesibindi sinyuka kwindleko ye-sodium, i-potassium, i-chloride, i-renin);
- vavanyo lwe-glucose ukunyamezela ukuzimisela kwezinga leswekile;
- vavanyo kunye ne-adiurecrin okanye i-pituitrin: ukwehla ekunyeni nokunyuka kuya kuphakamisa ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela se-insipidus;
- vavanyo ngokuma;
- vavanyo nge desmopressin.
Ukungabikho kweswekile-isifo sikashukela - unyango
Ngaphambi kokuba unyangwe isifo sikashukela, ikwabalulekile ukuseka ukuba yintoni imbangela yesifo eso. Xa isifo sibangelwa ngenxa yeengxaki ekuphuhliseni i-hormone ye-vasopressin yengqondo, izidakamizwa ezinomfanekiso ofanayo we-hormone ziyalelwe. Ukuba imvelaphi yesifo ikwaphulwa kwe-hormone ngeentso, ugqirha umisela ulawulo lwe-thiazide diuretics, owenza umsebenzi wokulawula ukuveliswa komchamo. Ukungabikho kweswekile ngesifo sikashukela - iingcebiso zeklinikhi
Kuzo zi gulane ezifunyanwe nesifo sikashukela se-insipidus, iingcebiso malunga nendlela yokuziphatha nendlela yokutya zidlala indima ebalulekileyo. Oogqirha bacebisa aba gulane ukuba baqwalasele kule miba elandelayo:
- Awukwazi ukuzithintela kumanzi.
- Ukucima ukoma lwakho, kungcono ukusebenzisa iziphuzo ziselo, i-juice, i-compotes.
- Kufuneka kudliwe kaninzi, kodwa i-fractional.
- Kubalulekile ukulandela ukutya okukhethekileyo.
- Ukuphucula ukulala, ungasebenzisa zokupheka kwabantu.
- Kubalulekile ukuthatha onke amayeza anqunywe ngugqirha wakho.
Ukungabikho kweswekile-isifo sikashukela - unyango, iziyobisi
Izidakamizwa eziphambili ze-diabetes insipidus ziziyobisi ezithatha indawo ye-hormone vasopressin. I-hormone yokufakelwa inefuthe elide elide kunye nenani elincinane lemiphumo emibi. Kulo mayeza:
- I-Adiuretin - ihla empumlweni, enefuthe elihlala ixesha elide;
- I-Desmopressin - iipilisi, kunye nomsebenzi ophantsi wezinto eziphilayo kunamaconsi;
- I-Mininin yilanga elisetyenziswa ngokusisigxina kwi-polyuria nayiphi na imvelo;
- I-Emosint - ilungiselelo leenjini.
La machiza asetyenziswa kwisifo sikashukela se-insipidus ifom ephakathi. I-non-diabetes mellitus, ebangelwa ukuvuvukala, iphathwa ngamachiza e-antibiotiki kunye ne-non-stteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: Ibuprofen, Indomethacin. Xa uhlobo lwe-nephrogenic lwesifo sikashukela lubekwe unyango nge-thiazide diuretics:
- I-Indapamide (Ionik, Pamid, Tenzar) - inefuthe elide elide elide;
- I-Hydrochlorothiazide (Hypothiazide) - inefuthe eliphakathi kunye elinamandla.
Ukungabikho kweswekile ngesifo seswekile - izilwanyana zomntu
Izifo zesifo sikashukela e-insipidus, enesimo se-nephrogenic okanye ephakathi, asiboleki ukuzalisa ukunyanga. Ngoncedo lwezonyango zomntu, umntu unokunciphisa umva wokoma, ukuphucula umsebenzi wengqondo, ukulahla ukulala.
- Ukunciphisa umva wokoma, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uphuze i-decoction yamagqabi ama-walnut. Iglasi yamanzi abilayo idinga ama-5 g weqabunga elincinciweyo. Ukuxhonywa kudliwa kulo lonke usuku.
- Ukuphucula ubuchopho, amayeza omntu acetyisa ukutya 1 tsp. umgubo wepera ngosuku.
- Ukuphucula ubuthongo kunconywa ukunyuka kwe-motherwort, i-caraway kunye nengcambu ye-valerian. Zonke izakhi zixutywe kwaye zihlukaniswe 2 tbsp. umxube. Iitrobhu zithengiswa kwi-350 ml yamanzi abilayo kwaye zinyanzeliswe iiyure eziliqela. Phuza ukumnika kufuneka kube yiyure ngaphambi kokuba ulale kwaye unomsindo omkhulu.
- Ukunciphisa inani lokuchama, ukunciphisa ukutyhila kwamanzi kungenziwa ngokuncediswa kwe-inflorescences eyomileyo ye-immortelle nesisu. Amayeza kufuneka athathwe ngamanani alinganayo kwisamba se-1 isipuni, uthele ihafu yesitha yamanzi abilayo kwaye ugxininise iiyure eziyi-8. Phuza isithathu seglasi emva kweeyure ezingama-4.
Ukungabikho kweswekile ngesifo sikashukela - ukutya
Ukutya kwisifo sikashukela i-insipidus kukuchasene nesondlo kwimeko yesifo sesifo sesifo. Ukutya kwesigulane kufuneka kufake i-carbohydrates, amafutha kunye neyincinci yeeprotheyini. Umsebenzi wesondlo ngesifo esinjalo ukuzaliswa kweemfuno zomzimba, ukuzaliswa ngeivithamini ezifunekayo kunye ne-microelements. Iintlobo ezomileyo, intlanzi, iimveliso zobisi ezinomuncu kunye namantongane ziya kunceda ukuxhasa inyama ebuthathaka.
Yidla ukutya okuncinci kwiiyure ezingama-3, eziza kuba zizidlo ezi-6 ngosuku. Ukupheka kuhle kakhulu kwinqanaba okanye kwi-oven. Gwema izitya ezifusiweyo, ezinomsila, zetyuwa kunye nezokutshaya. Phuza ngexesha elifanayo udinga ubuncinane ii-2.5 ilitha ngosuku. Isigulane asikho isidingo sokukhunjulwa ngesidingo sokusela amanzi, kuba unxanelwe ukuhlala naye. Ukususela kumanzi kuseluncedo ukusebenzisa iziphuzo ziselo, i-juice, i-compotes, i-kisels. ifoto4
Ukungabikho kweswekile-isifo sikashukela - iingxaki
Iingxaki zesifo sikashukela i-insipidus ziyingozi ngokungcoliswa kwemiphunga kunye nayo yonke imiphumo ephumela kulo. Njengoko isifo sifana, isifo sisenza isangqa esiqatha: ukoma kukhula, kodwa xa isigulane siphuza amanzi, amanzi akhululwa, angagcwalisi iimfuno zomzimba. Ngenxa yoko, isigulane sinobuthathaka, iipilpitations, izifo ze-neurologic, i-dyspnea. Ukuba awuyi kuthatha inyathelo ngeli xesha kunyango, umzimba uyafa ngenxa yokungabikho kwemfuneko emzimbeni.
Ukuxhamlaliswa kwesifo sikashukela se-insipidus
Impendulo yombuzo wokuba ingaba yonyango yokunyanga isifo sikashukela esidlangalaleni kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana kuxhomekeke kwimvelaphi yesi sifo:
- Ukuba isifo sibonakale ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye ngexesha lokuhamba emva, lidla ngokudlula ixesha kunye neyonyango elifanelekileyo.
- Ukuba isifo sikashukela sisenzeka kwimvelaphi ye-malaria, i-syphilis, isifo sofuba, eso sifo siya kunciphisa njengoko sifumana kwisifo esisisiseko.
- I-non-diabetes, ebangelwa yisisu, ingazinyuka ngokukhawuleza emva kokususwa kwayo.
- Kukho iingxaki ezinqabileyo zokususa uhlobo lwe-nephrogenic yesifo ebuntwaneni.
- Uphulo olufanelekileyo lunceda izigulane ziphila ubomi bawo kwaye zizalise imisebenzi yazo.