I-Gastroenteritis iyisifo esivuthayo apho isisu nentlungu emancinci ichaphazelekayo. Ukuba iinkqubo zesifo sengqondo zichaphazela intlungu enkulu, kule ngxaki isifo sifana ngokuthi gastroenterocolitis.
Uphuhliso lwe-gastroenteritis lunokudityaniswa nokutyhelwa kokutya, ukusuleleka kubhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane, ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi asemgangathweni, ukutyhefuza nge-acids, i-alkalis, isinyithi esinzima, ukulungiswa kwe-mercury, njl. Esi sifo senzeka kwifomu enzima kwaye engapheliyo. Khawuqwalasele ukuba zeziphi iimpawu zeendlela ezahlukeneyo zesifo se-gastroenteritis kubantu abadala.
Iimpawu ze-viral gastroenteritis
I-Gastroenteritis ye-etiology ye-viral idla ngokuba ngumkhuhlane wengqondo. Iintsholongwane ezivusa isifo zibhubhisa iiseli ze-epithelium zesisu nesisu esincinci, ngenxa yoko kubangelwa i-carbohydrates kunye nezinye izondlo. Ayikho i-agent engabangela ukuba i-gastroenteritis yintsholongwane. Kwiimeko ezininzi, kubangelwa ziintlobo ezimbini zegciwane:
- i-caliciviruses (ngakumbi, i-noroviruses);
- ii-rotaviruses (abantwana bahlala besuleleka).
Ukusasaza intsholongwane ye-HIV kunokunxibelelana-ekhaya, ukutya kunye namanzi. Inkqubo yokudlulisa umoya iyakwenzeka. Umthombo we-calicivirus ukusuleleka kungaba izilwanyana zasekhaya (iinkati, izinja), ukutya okunesondlo okungenakulungiswa. I-Rotavirus ihlala isasazwa ngokusetyenziswa kweemveliso zobisi kunye nokungcoliswa kwamanzi.
Emva kokuthintana ne-norovirus, njengomthetho, iimpawu zivela kwiiyure ezingama-24 ukuya kuma-48 kwaye zihlala malunga nama-24 ukuya kuma-60 iiyure. Iimpawu zobume zi:
- isifo sohudo;
- ukuhlanza (ngaphantsi kaninzi);
- isicefe
- intlungu yesisu;
- ukulahlekelwa kwintliziyo yengqondo (ngamanye amaxesha).
Kwakhona kuya kuphawulwa:
- u buqhetseba;
- kulala;
- intlungu;
- umkhuhlane obuthathaka.
Ixesha lokutshatyalaliswa kwentsholongwane ka-rotavirus yintsuku eziyi-1-5, ixesha lokubonakaliswa kweempawu ziintsuku ezi-3-7. I-Rotavirus gastroenteritis iqala ngokukhawuleza, iimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, kunye nokulahlekelwa kwamandla kubonakala. Isitulo ngosuku 2-3 sesifo sibonakaliswa njenge-clayey, grey-yellow. Ukongezelela, izigulane zinokuba neempumlo zebhola, ubomvu, kunye nomqala. Kwamanye amaxesha, i-rotovirus gastroenteritis kubantu abadala ayinaso.
Iimpawu ze-bacterial gastroenteritis
I-bacterium gastroenteritis ibangelwa yiibhaktheriya ezilandelayo:
- staphylococci;
- salmonella;
- shigella;
- E. coli;
- ikholera vibrio;
- iintonga ze-botulism;
- protey nabanye.
Usulelo lunokuthi lube nomnxeba-nendlu, ukutya kunye namanzi. Ngokuqhelekileyo ixesha lokutshatyalaliswa kwe-bacteria gastroenteritis lihlala kwiintsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5. Iimpawu zixhomekeke kuhlobo lweebhaktheriya ezibangele ulonda. Impawu eziphambili zesi sifo zilandelayo:
- isicefe
- ukuhlanza;
- isifo sohudo;
- colic kunye nentlungu yesisu;
- ukulahleka kwesidlo;
- ukwanda kwindleko yomzimba (kunye nekholera, ubushushu buqhelekileyo);
- iimpawu zokudambisa amanzi.
Iimpawu ze-gastroenteritis ezingenasifo
I-gastroenteritis engasetshenziswanga nayo ingenzeka ngenxa yokutya ngokutya (ngokukodwa ukutya okunomsoco kunye nendawo ecocekileyo), ukuxhatshazwa kokutya kunye namayeza, ukutyhefuza ngezinto ezinobuthi ezinobuthi (amakhowe enetyhefu, intlanzi, izityalo zamatye, njl.).
Ukubonakaliswa kwe-gastroenteritis yesimo esingenasifo sisilandelayo:
- isicefe
- ukuhlanza;
- isifo sohudo;
- intlungu yesisu, ngakumbi kunxinzelelo;
- buthathaka;
- ukukhupha okubandayo .
Iimpawu zeGastroenteritis engapheliyo
Ukuphuhliswa kwe-gastroenteritis engapheliyo kungenxa yokuba:
- ukusetyenziswa kotywala kakhulu, ukutya okunesonka;
- iimpendulo ezithintekayo;
- izifo zonyango;
- izingozi zorhwebo, njl
Olu hlobo lobulwelwe lubonisa ukuhlala rhoqo kwezi zibonakaliso:
- ukuziva uxakeke, i-raspiraniya kunye nentlungu esiswini;
- ukugubungela kwisisu;
- izithambiso eziqhelekileyo (unxusa emva kokutya);
- ukunyuka kwamanzi;
- ukucaphuka, ukuxhalabisa.