Umzimba wesikhumba, ubunzima bomzimba, umsebenzi wesimo senhliziyo kunye nezinye iiparameter zomzimba zilawulwa yi-hormone. Ziveliswa ngeengqungquthela ezikhethekileyo-i-adrenal gland kunye ne-pituitary gland. Ukuba ukusebenza kwezitho ziphazamiseka, ukungalingani kwe-endocrine kwenzeka.
Isenko-Cushing syndrome - yintoni na?
Iimeko ezichazweyo (hypercorticosis) liqela leepatriloji apho i-correl i-adrenal ivelisa inani elininzi ngokwe-cortisol okanye i-horrenone ye-adrenocorticotropic. Kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwengxaki ephantsi kwengqalelo kunye nesifo sikaCushing. Ingumlwanyana wesibini we-endocrine, ukuphuhliswa ngokusesikweni kwezifo ze-hypothalamus kunye ne-pituitary gland.
I-Cushing's Syndrome - Iingxaki
Kukho imiba emininzi enokubangela ukuba le nto iguqulwe. Zonke izizathu zokuxhatshazwa kwezinto ezixhasayo zikwahlukaniswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiintlobo ezi-3:
- engavamile;
- iphela;
- sebenza.
Hypercorticosis
Le syndrome ye-Itenko-Cushing ikhula phantsi kwefuthe lezinto zangaphandle. Isizathu esibalulekileyo saso senzeke ngokusetyenziswa kwe-hormone ye-glucocorticosteroid. Olu hlobo lwesifo lubangelwa unyango, ngoko ke lubizwa nangokuthi iatrogenic hypercorticism. Idlalwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo emva kokutshintshwa-ukulungiswa kwama-hormone kunqunywe ukukhusela umgudu kunye nokuthintela ukulahlwa kwelo lungu. I-hypercorticism yezokwelapha iqala kwakhona ngonyango lwezibilini ezingapheliyo:
- i-rheumatoid arthritis;
- i-asthma ye-bronchial;
- lupus erythematosus.
Endogenous hypercorticosis
Olu hlobo lwesifo luvela ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwangaphakathi emzimbeni. Izizathu ezibalulekileyo zokuphuhliswa yiimeko ezikhokelela ekusebenziseni i-correnx ye-adrenal:
- hyperplasia ;
- nomhlaza;
- i-neoplasm enobuhlungu;
- utywala.
Ukuqumbisa ukukhula kwezidumbu zengxowanxu kungabakho ubudala, ngoko enye yeemeko zokuvela kwe-hypercorticism i-genetic predisposition. Isifo sika-Itenko-Cushing sibangelwa zizidalwa zokutya, kodwa kwezinye iziko:
- i-pituitary gland;
- maqanda;
- kukhanya;
- ipropymus;
- amagqabi;
- i-pancreas okanye i-thyroid gland;
- bronchi.
Cushing's pseudo-syndrome
Kukho imeko apho kwenzeka ukuveliswa kwe-cortisol engaphezulu, kodwa akukho zicubu ezikhusela i-hormone emzimbeni. Lo ngumzimba osebenzayo we-hypercorticism, ngokuqhelekileyo uhamba kunye neentsholongwane zengqondo kunye neengqondo. Ukuphulwa kwezinto ezibonakaliswe ngumfanekiso weklinikhi, ngokufanayo ngokufanayo nesifo soqobo. Maxa wambi i-pseudo-syndrome I-Itenko-Cushing ikhupha:
- ukunyanya;
- khulelwa;
- utywala (utywala obungapheliyo);
- xi nzelelo ;
- ukuphulwa kwe-carbohydrates metabolism.
Ukugula kwe-Itenko-Cushing - iimpawu
Inxalenye ephambili ye-hypercorticism idiphozi yeenqatha kwiindawo eziliqela:
- entanyeni;
- intloko;
- isisu;
- esifubeni.
Ngenxa yokunyanya, kubonakala kulula ukufumanisa i-Itenko-Cushing syndrome, iimpawu zazo zilandelayo:
- ubuso obunzima;
- izitho ezincinci ngokungafaniyo nomzimba;
- eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ulula phezu kwamagqabi, isisu, isisu, amahlombe;
- ukudandatheka kunye neengqondo ngenxa yobunzima obuninzi kunye nokubonakala okungenakunelisayo.
Ukungabikho kwonyango, imvelaphi ye-hormonal ihlawule ngokukhawuleza. Ukuphuhlisa i-Cushing's syndrome, iimpawu zayo zezi:
- Ukukhula kweenwele ezingaphezu kweentlobo kubafazi (i-hirsutism kwintlobo yesilisa);
- uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu;
- iingxaki zomjikelezo wesisu;
- ukungabi namandla;
- i-myopathy;
- i-osteoporosis kwaye idibanisa nayo iminyango yamathambo rhoqo;
- intloko;
- kulala;
- ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo;
- buthathaka;
- i-atrophy;
- i-hernia yesisu;
- ukukhupha;
- intsimbi ;
- ukuchithwa kwamanzi kwezinye iindawo zesikhumba;
- ukukhawuleka komgudu;
- imisipha yomzimba engavamile;
- ukunciphisa umsebenzi we-immune system;
- bhanya.
Isenko-Cushing syndrome - ukuxilongwa
Into ephambili evumela ukukhankanya i-hypercorticism yimiqondiso ye-pathology. Emva kokuqokelela i-anamnesis kunye novavanyo olusisiseko, i-endocrinologist inikezela uluhlu lwezifundo ukuze zibone izizathu zeemeko zeklinikhi, ukuhlukana kwezifo kunye nezinye izifo. I-Cushing's syndrome - ukuxilongwa:
- ukuhlalutya umchamo kunye negazi kwi-hormone ye-corticosteroid;
- i-radiography yommandla we-saddle ne -kull;
- ikhompyutheni okanye i-imagination magnetic resonance ye-pituitary and adrenal glands;
- sampulhasone;
- biochemistry yegazi;
- I-X-ray yomgudu kunye ne-thorax;
- ukukhawuleza kweengqungquthela ze-adrenal.
Isenko-Cushing syndrome - unyango
Iindlela zokwelapha zixhomekeke kwizimbangela ezibangelwa ukuxhamla. Ngezinto eziqhelekileyo, ukukhanselwa ngokukhawuleza, ukunciphisa imilinganiselo ye-glucocorticoids okanye ukutshintshwa kwazo nezinye iziyobisi ezixilisayo. Ngokufanayo, unyango olusisigxina lwesifo sika-Itenko-Cushing, esenjongo yokubuyisela iinkqubo zesisombululo kunye nokulinganiswa komzimba, kwenziwa.
Kwimeko yesimo esingapheliyo sokuvelisa i-cortisol, igalelo layo kufuneka lisuswe. Inketho kuphela efanelekileyo phambi kweemvumba ezivusa i-Cushing's syndrome. I-neoplasm isuswe, ilandelwe yimitha kunye neyeza elongezelelweyo. Khetha ama-pharmacy agents ayanciphisa i-horticone ye-corticosteroid egazini kwaye anqande imveliso yawo:
- IMototane;
- Aminoglutethimide;
- Mammoth nabanye.
Ukongezelela, kuyimfuneko ukumisa iimpawu zentsholongwane. Ukwenza oku, sebenzisa (ekukhethweni kwe-endocrinologist):
- ukulungiselela i-potassium;
- machiza a
- ukutya;
- iivithamini kunye neemaminerali;
- amayeza e-hypoglycemic;
- calcitonins;
- i-bisphosphonates;
- anabolic steroids;
- ezimbi;
- ezixinzelelekileyo.
Isondlo sokuxhaswa kwempilo
Ukutya akuncedi kakhulu ukunciphisa umkhiqizo we-cortisol, kodwa kuya kuqinisekisa ukulungelelaniswa kweenkqubo ze-metabolic emzimbeni. Kubalulekile ukuxinzelela ngokuthe ngqo ukuxhomekeka kwe-hypercorticism-unyango lubandakanya ukulungiswa kokutya kunye nokuthintelwa okanye ukukhutshwa kwezi zinto ezilandelayo:
- igargarini;
- mafutha ezilwanyana;
- imayonnaise;
- ibhotela;
- iimveliso zokutshaya;
- ityuwa;
- inyama kunye nenhlanzi;
- kubhaka;
- marinades;
- ukukhethwa;
- itiye eqinile kunye nekhofi;
- utywala;
- iilekese.
Ukuququzelela i-Itzenko-Cushing syndrome kubalulekile ukusebenzisa:
- maqanda;
- iimveliso zobisi ezivuthayo;
- ushizi onzima;
- iisonka ezincinci okanye izityalo zemifuno;
- ipayipi;
- inyama ephekiweyo yokutya;
- iziqhamo kunye nemifuno;
- imifuno;
- teas
- ii-acid kunye neziphuzo ziselo.
Iingxaki ze-Itenko-Cushing's disease
Ukunyangwa kwezilwanyana kuthathwa njengokuba kunokwenzeka ukuqhubela phambili, ngokungabikho kwonyango olwaneleyo kunokukhokelela kwimiphumo emibi. Isifo kunye ne-Itenko-Cushing syndrome zidibene neengxaki ezinjalo:
- ukubetha;
- ukuhlaziywa komsebenzi wenhliziyo;
- sepsis;
- ukungaphumeleli kwindlala;
- pyelonephritis;
- i-phlegmon;
- ukuhlukana kwamathambo amaninzi;
- umonakalo ongaphambukiyo emthonjeni;
- furunculosis;
- ukwakheka kwamatye eentso;
- Izilonda zesikhumba kunye ne-bacterial skin
- ukukhulelwa kwesisu;
- ukuhanjiswa okunzima.
Ngamanye amaxesha i-syndrome okanye isifo se-Itenko-Cushing kubangela imeko enobungozi kakhulu enokuthi iphelise ingxaki ebulalayo-adrenal (adrenal). Imiqondiso yalo:
- i-hypoglycemia;
- intlungu ebuhlungu esiswini;
- ukuhlanza okungekho
- hyperkalemia;
- ukulahlekelwa kwengqondo;
- ukuphosa okuphambili kwixinzelelo legazi;
- hyponatremia;
- acidosis.