I-syndrome yokufumana i-immunodeficiency ibonakala ngokuncipha kwimisebenzi yokukhusela yomzimba ngenxa yezinto eziphantsi kweeseli ezinoxanduva lokuzikhusela-ikakhulukazi, i-CD4 lymphocytes. Ngubo abachaphazelekayo yi-HIV, nangona kunjalo, ngokubhekiselele kwiqela "ezincitshisiweyo" iintsholongwane, aluvumeli abantu bazi malunga nabo ngokukhawuleza. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukususela ngexesha losulelo kwaye phambi kweempawu zokuqala zeAIDS, kukho iminyaka emininzi edlula.
Amanyathelo okusuleleka ngoGawulayo
- Ixesha lokuxubusha iiveki ezi-3-6.
- Isigaba se-febrile esifanelekileyo senzeke emva kwexesha lokutshala, kodwa kwi-30-50% yesifo se-HIV ayibonakalwanga.
- Ixesha eliqhelekileyo liyiminyaka eyi-10 ukuya kwe-15 (ngokwemyinge).
- Isigaba esibonakalayo nguGawulayo.
Kwi-10% yezigulane, inkqubo yokukhawuleza yokhuseleko lwe-HIV ifumaneka xa imeko ihlahla emva kokukhawuleza.
Iimpawu zokuqala
Kwixesha elimangalisayo lentsholongwane, usulelo lubonakalisa ngeempawu ezingabonakaliyo, ezinjengeentloko, intlungu yomlomo, imisipha kunye / okanye intlungu edibeneyo, umkhuhlane (ngokuqhelekileyo unqabile - ukuya kwi-37.5 ° C), isisongululo, isifo sohudo, ukuvuvukala kwee-lymph nodes. Ngokuqhelekileyo iimpawu zokuqala zentsholongwane kaGawulayo (i-AIDS ayinakubizwa ngokuthi le meko okwamanje) ididekile ngezifo ze-catarrhal okanye i-malaise ngenxa yokuxinezeleka, ukukhathala.
Izigwebo zeHIV
Kunconywa uvavanyo lwe-HIV ukuba kukho ukuphulwa okulandelayo:
- Ubushushu obuphakamileyo ngaphezu kweveki enye ngenxa yezizathu ezingakhange zichongwe ngokuhlalutya okuqhelekileyo;
- ukwanda kwimizimba ye-lymph (i-inguinal, inzala yomlomo, i-axillary) ngokungabikho kwenkqubo yokuvuvukala emzimbeni;
- urhudo olungapheli kwiiveki ezimbalwa;
- imiqondiso ye-candidiasis (thrush) yomlomo womlomo;
- i-herpes ephezulu okanye indawo engabonakaliyo;
- ukulahleka kwesisindo esibukhali kungekho sizathu esicacileyo.
Uhlalutyo lwegciwane lengculaza kufuneka linikezelwe ukuba kukho isondo esingaphephile okanye ukunyelwa igazi. Ama-antibodies apho uhlalutyo olubuhlungu luqala ukuveliswa kwiiveki ezi-4 ukuya kuma-24 emva kokusuleleka, ngaphambi kokuba le miphumo yokuvavanya ingabonakali.
Iziganeko zeAIDS
Ekupheleni kwexesha elingenakulinganiswa, inani le-CD4 cell lymphocytes (isimo sengqondo sokuzivikela kwisifo segciwane lesandulela-ngculazi esitshintshileyo zonke iinyanga ezi-3-6 ukulawula isikolo sesifo) sinciphisa sibe ngu-200 / μL, kanti ixabiso eliqhelekileyo liyi-500 ukuya ku-1200 / μL. Kule nqanaba, i-AIDS iqala, kwaye iimpawu zayo zokuqala zizifo ezibangelwa izifo ezichaphazelekayo (ngokwemimiselo yezilwanyana zezilwanyana). Iimpawu ezinobomi eziphilayo emzimbeni azilimazi umntu ophilileyo, kodwa kwisigulane esinegciwane lesandulela ngculaza ngesistim somzimba esibuthathaka.
Isigulane sikhalaza nge-pharyngitis, otitis, sinusitis, ephindaphinda kwaye iphathwa kakubi.
Izimpawu zangaphandle ze-AIDS zibonakaliswa ngolu hlobo lweemfumba zesikhumba:
- i-herpe-extensive kunye nakwiindawo ezingezizo;
- izibhinqa - iintlungu ezibuhlungu;
- i-thrush ye-mouth cavity - i-curd emhlophe;
- i-leukoplakia enomsi womlonyeni womlomo - iiplanga ezimhlophe kumacala omlomo.
Isigaba esinzima
Kwinqanaba elilandelayo lokuthintela ngoGawulayo, iimpawu eziphambili kunye neempawu ze-AIDS zixhaswa ngokulahleka okukhulu komzimba (ngaphezu kwe-10% yesisindo sonke).
Isigulane sinokuthi:
- isifo sofuba;
- I-Helminthiasis;
- i-toxoplasmosis;
- lymphoma;
- Sarcoma Kaposi;
- pneumocystis pneumonia, njl
Iifom ezininzi ze-AIDS nazo zihamba neengxaki ezinzulu zeengqondo.
Thintelo
Ukulibazisa umzuzu xa iimpawu zokuqala zikaGawulayo zibonakaliswa, ukuthintela kuyimfuneko - kumayeza amakhosikazi kunye namadoda angakhusela ukuphuhliswa kwesifo sofuba kunye ne-PCP. Kwakhona, kufuneka uhambelane nendlela yokuphila enempilo, gcina ucocekile kwigumbi, thintela ukunxibelelana nezilwanyana kunye nokubandayo.