- Idilesi: Jaani 5, 51007 iTartu, Estonia;
- Iwebhusayithi: jaanikirik.ee;
- Ifowuni: +372 744 2229;
- Ixesha lokusebenza : Mon. - Sat. ukususela ngo-10: 00 ukuya ku-19: 00.
Elinye lamabandla amadala e- Estonia yiCawe yaseSt. John eTartu , eyakhiwe kwisitayela seGothic kwiXesti yeXIV. Iyabonwa njengesikhumbuzo esicacileyo sokwakha, kuba iqulethe inani elikhulu leemifanekiso ze-teratotta. Kuze kube namhlanje, ngaphezu kwe-1000 iziqwenga ziye zasinda, ngasinye sineminyaka engama-700 ubudala.
ZeCawa
Iinkcukacha zangaphambili ze-terracotta zedongwe ebongwe zingabonwa kuphela ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo, kodwa nangaphandle. Ubuninzi bemihlobiso ayifumaneki nakweyiphi na indlu eYurophu. Icawa yaseSt. John iyindawo yesithili esilawulayo kwaye i-basilica eneentlanzi ezintathu. Kwiindonga zenziwa iinqununu, eziyizithombe eziba-12 abavangeli, kunye neNtombikazi kaMariya noYesu Kristu.
Kuze kube ngoku, akusikho zonke iziqwatho eziye zafika, ngoko-ke kwiintlanzi eludongeni oluphambili unokucinga ngemifanekiso yeziphathamandla. Olunye ulwakhiwo lusekufuphi kwe-nave enkulu. Ubonisa iqela kunye noYesu ehleli etroneni ejikelezwe ngabangcwele. Ukuhamba malunga nesakhiwo, unokuqonda ukuba kutheni isakhiwo sithandwa ngamahlebezi amanga, kuba i-facade ibheka abantu abaqhelekanga kunye nabantu.
Imbali yeCawa
Isakhiwo sokuqala sokhuni sibonakala eTartu ngasekupheleni kwe-12 okanye ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-13, kodwa emva nje kokubanjwa kwintsimi yoMyalelo we-Swordmen yakha itekisi yitena. Ukuqala kokukhankanywa kwecawa yaseSt. John uMbhaptizi kuza emva kwe-1323. Kuzo zonke iinxalenye zezona zinto zidlulileyo ziyinqaba enkulu, isiseko sayo sokukhwa kweengodo.
Emva koNguquko kunye nokucinywa kobhishophu waseDorpatian, icawa yaba ngamaLuthere. Ngexesha leMfazwe yaseMntla, inxalenye ephezulu yentaba yachithwa, kunye neendawo zokukhutshwa kweeyaradi kunye ne-central nave. Ukuhlaziywa komhlaba jikelele kwe-1820-1830 kwakhokelela ekubeni ininzi yezinto zangaphakathi yachithwa, kwaye ezinye izakhiwo zazingqonge.
Baye bakwazi ukufika kubo emva kokubuyiselwa kwe-facade baqala phantsi kolawulo lomakhi waseBokslaf. Icawa yatshiswa ngokupheleleyo ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBini, kwaye ngo-1952 i-nave ephakathi yawa, kodwa umsebenzi wokubuyisela waqala kuphela ngo-1989 waza waqhubeka kwaze kwaba ngo-2005. Namhlanje iBandla likaSt. John liyindempile ekhutheleyo kunye neyona nto ibalulekileyo ekutyekeleni iTottu.
Ulwazi olubalulekileyo kubakhenkethi
Ukutyelela ibandla, kufuneka ukwazi imithetho embalwa. Okokuqala, ukungena kwabakhenkethi abangatshatanga, kodwa amaqela atyala enye i-euro nganye. Enye yezinto ezithandayo zokuzivakatyelela ukunyuka kwinqanawa lokubona, elinika imbono enhle kwiziko lembali lomzi. Xa uya eTartu ebusika, kufuneka usebenzise kwangaphambili ukuze ufike phezulu. Abo bakhuphuka kwindawo yokubona, akuvumelekanga ukuba baphuze utywala okanye bathe iindonga ngezandla. Kwabantwana abaneminyaka engaphantsi kwe-14 ubudala, ukungena kwinqaba engahambelaniyo kuvaliwe.
Abo baye batyelela icawa bayacetyiswa ukuba bajikeleze isakhiwo esingqongileyo ukuze bafumane ubuso obuhlekayo kwi-facade. Iifoto ezithakazelisayo zitholakala kwimvelaphi yendlu eneenamba, ezikufutshane necawa. Ithempeli livulelekile ukutyelela ukususela ngoLwesibili ukuya kuMgqibelo, kuvaliwe ngoMvulo nangeCawa. Iiyure zokuvula zivela ngo-10 ukuya ku-6 ntambama. Ehlobo, usuku lokusebenza luyandiswa ngeyure enye.
Okuthakazelisayo kukuba, ngexesha lokuphandwa kwezinto zakudala phantsi kwecawa kwafunyanwa ingcwaba elalivela kwi-12 leminyaka. Ithempeli lisetyenziselwa injongo yalo kuphela, kodwa kwakhona njengendawo yekonsathi. Kulapha iNgqungquthela yoBumnandi boBusika eyenzeka ngeveki, kunye nemidlalo yabomculo kunye nabaculi abadumileyo be-opera.
Ndingafika njani?
Icawa ikhona kwi: Jaani, 5. Unako ukufika ethempelini ngezothutho zoluntu, umzekelo, ngebhasi inombolo ye-8 okanye inombolo ye-16.