Ukuqhekeka okuvulekileyo kwenzeka xa ithambo lingamelana nokusebenza okusebenzayo kwaye litshintshwe ngamathisi athambileyo. Ngokuxhomekeka kwimeko yokukhubazeka kuxhomekeke kwonyango, ixesha lokubuyisela, kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, libikezelo: nokuba inxalenye yomzimba inobungozi ingakwazi ukubuyela kwaye isebenze ngokuqhelekileyo, njengangaphambili.
Iimpawu zovulo oluvulekile
Izibonakaliso zentambo evulekileyo ibonakala ngokukhawuleza, ngokungafani nesilonda esivaliweyo, xa ukuchaneka kokuxilongwa kubalulekile ukwenza i-x-ray. Inyani kukuba iishubhu ezivulekileyo zivulekile kwaye zihlala zihamba kunye nokuphuma kwegazi, okumele kumekwe ngokukhawuleza. Ewe, ukuphuka okuvulekileyo kuhamba kunye nentlungu kunye nokuhamba okuncinci kwinto ewonakalisiweyo.
Ukuqhekeka okuvulekileyo kwenzeka xa ukuphulwa kwethambo ngokwawo kubonakalisa izicubu ezinotshizi ngaphakathi okanye ngenxa yempembelelo yendlela ephuma ngaphandle (xa kwenzeka ingozi okanye isilungu singena kwinkqubo ehambayo emsebenzini).
Iimpawu eziphambili zokuphulwa kwamathambo evulekile zi:
- impembelelo yangaphambili yaloo nxalenye yomzimba apho kukhankanywa i-fracture evulekile;
- kuphuma;
- intlungu;
- ukubonakala kwethambo elonakalisiweyo;
- ukucinywa kwengcinezelo ebukhali;
- Ukutshatyalaliswa kwimeko yexhoba (ukutshatyalaliswa ngokukrakra xa kuthe kwaphulwa amathambo amakhulu).
Ukwahlulelwa kweziqhekeza ezivulekileyo
Okokuqala, ziyabonakala ngenxa yomonakalo kwizicubu ezithambileyo:
- eziphambili - xa izicubu zonakaliswe ngenxa yempembelelo yendalo yangaphandle;
- okwesibini - xa izicubu zonakaliswe ngamaqhekeza amathambo avela ngaphakathi.
Emva koko iintlobo zokuvuleka ezivulekileyo ziyaziwa ngokwemiqathango yokutshatyalaliswa kwethambo:
- ehambayo;
- oblique;
- longitudinal;
- i-helical.
Ngokwezinga le "ngxabano", iindawo ezahlukileyo ziyahlukana:
- i-coarse-lipped;
- ezininzi.
Ngokutsho kwesithambo:
- ukuvuleka okuvulekileyo kunye nokufuduka (kungabikho kokubili ngenxa yengozi ngokwayo, nangenxa yokuqhekeka kwezihlunu emva kwayo);
- Vula i-fracture ngaphandle kwebala.
Uncedo lokuqala kunye nokuqhekeka okuvulekileyo
Ukunyamekela ngokukhawuleza kwimiba evulekileyo kubaluleke kakhulu kwizibhedlele kwizigulane.
Ukuba lilibazisekile, ke kuyimfuneko ukubeka isigulane embhedeni nge headboard ephakanyiswe kancane, ukuba kukho ukuphaphaka okukhulu, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa i-tourniquet ngasentla kwendawo yokuqhaqhaza kwaye uhlaziye isilonda. ngenye indlela, usulelo luya kwenzeka. Indawo eyonakalisiweyo kufuneka ishiywe yodwa ize ifike ingcali. Kodwa kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba i-hemostatic plait kufuneka ishiywe ixesha elide (ngaphezulu kwama-1.5 iiyure), ngenxa yokuba oku kungakhokelela ekusulelekeni kwe-anaerobic.
Ukunyangwa kwephulo evulekile
Okokuqala, isilonda siyaphathwa nge-antiseptic, igazi limiswe ngophawu lokuxinzelelo, kwaye ibhasi yokuthutha iyasetyenziswa. Kuze kube ngoko, amathambo aze asuse amaqhekeza awo kwindawo evuliwe evuliwe ayinakufuduswa. Idale ifakwe ukuze ilungise amajoyina asondele kwindawo yokulimala.
I-Anesthesia, isayithi sokuqhekeka ngokufakela iziyobisi kwisiza sokuqhaqhaqheleka akuthandi, kuba iya kuphuma phakathi kwilonda.
Xa kukho ukutshitshiswa kabuhlungu, benza i-droppers ezinxilisayo,
Xa ixhoba lalingenwe esibhedlele kwisebe eligqirha, oogqirha bavavanya imeko yakhe (i-pulse kunye nexinzelelo), ukwenza i-radiography kunye, ngaphantsi kwe-anesthhesia jikelele okanye kwendawo, susa izinto ezingaphezulu: izicathulo zethambo, izidumbu zangaphandle, izicubu ezingenakukhushulwa, kwaye uhlamba isilonda kunye ne-antibiotics kunye ne-antiseptics. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, isilonda sutured, kwaye emva koko, i-gypsum isetyenziselwa ukulungisa amathambo.
Emva kokuba imeko yesigulane iyanelisekile, i-gypsum isuswe kwaye i-physiotherapy kunye neenkqubo zo-physiotherapy zisiwe.