Amathambo esiseko sekhayi ayenzixa zesikhashana, i-occipital, i-wedge-shaped and latticed bones. Ukuphuka kungonakalisa omnye okanye ngaphezulu amathambo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuvuleka okunjalo kuvulekile, kwaye ukuba kukho ukuphuma okanye ukukhutshwa kwe-cerebrospinal fluid - bahlelwa njengengxaki evulekileyo ye-craniocebral trauma. Ngokweendawo zazo, ukuhlukana kwesiseko se-gawulwe kwahlukana ngamaqhekeza angaphambili (amathambo ahlanganisa i-lobes yangaphambili yeengqondo), phakathi (ukumboza i-pituitary kunye ne-temporal lobes) okanye i-posterior (cerebellum) ye-cranial fossae.
Iimpawu
Ngokuqhekeka kwesiseko sekhayi, imvulophu yengqondo ivame ukulimala, ngoko ke enye yeempawu ezibonakalisa ukuphazamiseka okunjalo kuphuma, kunye nokuphuma kwe-cerebrospinal fluid ezindlebeni nasempumlweni. Xa intloko ihamba ngasecaleni okanye kwicala, ukuphuma kwe-cerebrospinal fluid kunganda. Ngosuku lwesibini okanye lwesithathu emva kokulimala, izibhamu ezijikeleza amehlo zibonakala (uphawu lwe "galasi"). Ngeengxaki zethambo lexesha lexesha, kukho ukukhubazeka kokuvalelwa okubangelwa umonakalo kwintsimbi yokucwaninga, kunye nomonakalo kwimbilini yomzimba, okubangelwa ukulahleka kokuhamba kwezihlunu zobuso. Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukuphula ingcamango yokuqonda.
Ngenxa yokuphuka kokubini kunye nesiseko skull, ukuba ingqondo yegazi kunye nemithambo yegazi yalimala, kukho intlungu ekhulayo, i-nausea, ukulahleka kwengqondo, ukunciphisa ukutshatyalaliswa, ukukhubazeka kwamalungu.
Iyona yingozi kakhulu ivulekile i-crake, engonakalisa ingqondo ngeengcezu zethambo, kwaye ngaphandle kweemeko ezilungileyo, zenziwa ukuba zifikelele ekungeneni kwintsholongwane, echaphazelekayo nokuphuhliswa kweengxaki ezifana ne-encephalitis, i-meningitis, i-abscesses yengqondo.
Uncedo lokuqala
Iingxabano ze-Skull ziphakathi kweyona nto inobungozi kakhulu kunye neyingozi. Zenzeka rhoqo kwiingozi zeemoto, ukulimala kwitalato kunye nokulimala kwentloko.
Ukuba kukho ukukrokreka kweqhekeza lekrele, okokuqala, ukukhuphaza umntu onokulimala ngokusebenzisa ibhasi yokuthutha ukuya entloko nasentanyeni, kwaye xa kungabikho, lungisa intloko usebenzisa izinto ezilungisiweyo. Xa kuthe kwafunyanwa ukuphuma okanye ukukhutshwa kwe-cerebrospinal fluid ezindlebeni, ibhanti engumzimba kufuneka ifakwe, kodwa akukho nto yokuhlanza. Xa isantya senhliziyo iyancipha, isigulane singanikwa ama-20-25 amaconsi e-valokurdin okanye esinye isilwanyana esinomphumela ofanayo, kwaye uzama ukuwufudumala, ngokukhethekileyo kunye nezifudumala okanye iibhotile zamanzi afudumeleyo.
Xa kwenzeka i-crack break, umntu olimele kufuneka athathwe esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza. Ukulibaziseka kancinci kule meko kubangelwa iingxaki ezinzulu kunye nosongelo ebomini, kodwa ukuthutha kufuneka kwenziwe kuphela ngabagqirha bama-ambulance. Akukho mzekelo kufuneka isigulane sishukunywe nguye, nangona kumgama omncinci.
I zibikezelo
Kwiqhekeza lekhefu, malunga nesiqingatha sexhoba ziyafa ngosuku lokuqala emva kokulimala, kwaye ngokubanzi izibikezelo azizona ezilungileyo kakhulu. Ewe, kuninzi kuxhomekeke kubukhulu bomonakalo, kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi, ukulimala kwe-craniocebral kubangele ubunzima obukhulu kunye nepesenti eziphezulu zokufa. Isongelo akusiyo ikhefu ngokwayo, kodwa ukulimala kwengqondo, kunye nokuphuhliswa kwe-edema, ukulimaza, ukulimaza kwimida okanye iisayithi ezijongene nemisebenzi ethile, ukuphuhliswa kweengxaki ezithintekayo. Iziqhekeza zesiseko se-gawudla zihlala ziphethwe yimiphumo enokukhubazeka kwengqondo, ukulahlekelwa kweemvakalelo ezithile (ukuva, ukuvumba, umbono), ukukhubazeka kwezitho zomzimba okanye izitho.