Isifo seCreutzfeldt-Jakob sachazwa ngabafundi besibini baseJamani, ababizo babo babibizwa ngokuba sisifo, ngokuqala ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Nangona ukususela ngeli xesha lidlule ngaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka, unyango lwesi sifo aluzange lufumaneke. Izazinzulu zakwazi ukuchonga umthombo wesifo - i-prion enobubi, kodwa ayikwazanga ukufunda indlela yokujongana nayo.
Isifo seCreutzfeldt-Jakob - yintoni na?
Isifo se-Creutzfeldt-Jakob prion siphumela njengesiphumo sokuguquka komzimba ngenxa yobunzima bomzimba, iprotheni prion. Kukholelwa ukuba umthombo wale prothini yiinkomo, kodwa uphando olutsha lubonisa ukuba lesi sifo senziwa ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngaphandle kwesizathu sangaphandle. Abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba isifo seKKH (isifo seenkomo esibi) siyaqhubeka, kwaye iimeko zentlobo zesifo ziyabonakala. Ngama-1990, iimeko ze-subspecies zesi sifo zabhalwa, ezabizwa ngokuba yi-cow cow.
Ngaphambili, eso sifo sabathintela abantu abadala kuneminyaka engama-65, kodwa ngoku kukho iziganeko zomonakalo kubantu abancinci. Intsholongwane ye-Prion ichaphazela ingqondo, ngenxa yendlela iinkqubo zengqondo kunye nomlingani oqala ukuhlupheka kumntu. Ukuphuhliswa kwesi sifo kubangela ukwanda kweempawu, ukuphazamiseka kwentetho, ukuxhatshazwa kunye neparresis yamalungu. Ingqungquthela yesi sifo i-coma kunye nokufa. Emva kokusuleleka, umntu ungapheli iminyaka emibili. Umyinge wokuhlala kwindalo yomonakalo wokuqala ngowama-8.
Isifo seCreutzfeldt-Jakob
Intsholongwane yeenkomo zesifo sezilwanyana kubangelwa iprotheni ye-priant mutant. Iibhononti zikhona emzimbeni womntu, kodwa zinezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo. Iprotheni enobubi ephuma ngaphandle ayifi emzimbeni womntu, kodwa ivela kumlambo wegazi ukuya kwingqondo. Kulapho uqala ukudibanisa kunye nezibhengezo zabantu, ezikhokelela ekutshintsheni kwisakhiwo sabo. I-prion echaphazelayo idala iiplates kwi-neurons, emva koko i-neuron iyatshatyalaliswa.
Isifo seCreutzfeldt-Jakob - indlela yokusuleleka
Iingcali zenzululwazi zikwahlula iindlela ezinjalo zokusuleleka kwi-Creutzfeldt-Jakob isifo:
- ukutshintshwa kweethambo ezikhuselweyo ze-bovine ezine-infonous infons;
- ukudluliselwa kwegazi elingcolileyo;
- ukusasazwa kwesulelo ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zokucoca ezingahlambulukanga;
- bedla kakubi inyama ekhuselweyo yenkomo, izimvu, iibhokhwe.
Izifo zaseCreutzfeldt-Jakob - izizathu
Isizathu se-etiological ye-Creutzfeldt-Jakob yesifo asiqinisekanga. Nangona iinguqu ye-ingress yomnye umntu ovela ngaphandle (ngokuphindaphindiweyo evela kwisilwanyana) iyavunywa ngokubanzi, kukho ezinye iingcamango. Enye yeengcamango kukubona ukuba i-prion yabantu, ishintshwe ngesizathu esithile, iqala ukutshintsha iibhononi ezibangelwane, ezikhokelela ekutshatyweni kwezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo zobuchopho.
Izigulana zeMutagenic kunye nesifo seCreutzfeldt-Jakob siqala ukusebenza ngokumalunga nomzimba wendalo. Zithintela iseli ukuba yenze umsebenzi wayo, ikhusele iinkqubo ezenzeka kuyo. Ngenxa yeziphumo zamabhononi, iseli liyafa. Ekubeni iiseli ezifile, iinkqubo ezivuthayo zikhula, apho i-enzyme ekhutheleyo ithatha inxaxheba. Ezi zinto ziphazamisana nomsebenzi weeseli eziphilileyo, ngokwandisa umonakalo kwizakhiwo zobuchopho.
Isifo seCreutzfeldt-Jakob - iimpawu
Iintlobo zeengcebele zeenkomo kubantu abaneempawu ezixhomekeke kwindawo yendawo yesilonda kwinqanaba lokuqala libonakaliswa ngolu hlobo:
- ukuphazamiseka, ukucaphuka;
- intloko, isisu ;
- iingxaki zokulala;
- ukuwohloka kombono;
- ukunganakwa, ukungabikho kwamanyathelo;
- ukukhubazeka kwememori ;
- kunciphisa libido;
- utywala okanye uloyiko;
- i-delirium okanye i-hallucinations;
- iingxaki ngentetho;
- i-paresis yemilenze, ukungaqiniseki xa uhamba.
Kwisigaba sesibini, isifo seenkomo esibi, iimpawu zokunyuka, kubonakaliswe yimpawu:
- ukuxhwaba ;
- ukukhubazeka;
- ukulahleka kwemisipha, ukuthuthumela;
- ngqondweni;
- ukuphazamiseka kwentetho;
- izifo zengqondo.
Isigaba sokugcina sibonakaliswe ziimpawu ezilandelayo:
- imeko yokunyakaza;
- ukulahleka kolawulo lwezitho zeplavic;
- ukukhubazeka;
- ukukhubazeka ngokupheleleyo;
- coma.
Isifo se-Kreutzfeldt-Jakob - ukuxilongwa
Ukucacisa ukuxilongwa kudinga umfanekiso opheleleyo weklinikhi, uqinisekisiwe ngedatha yenkxaso. Kule meko, ugqirha, xa eqokelela i-anamnesis, ufumanisa ukuba indawo yegulane ihlala phi, nokuba ingaba noqhagamshelwano kunye neenkomo. Kubalulekile ukufumanisa zonke iimpawu ukuba isigulane sibhekise kuzo. Ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo ihlawulwa kwiingxaki zombono, iingqondo kunye nezakhono.
Idatha ye-Instrumental iquka iziphumo zolu vavanyo:
- I-EEG (i-electroencephalogram) - iya kuncitshiswa umsebenzi kunye namaxesha amaninzi okanye ama-pseudoperiodic acous waves.
- IPET yengqondo.
- Isifo se-Creutzfeldt-Jakob, i-MRI apho i-T2-mode yenziwa khona, ifunyenwe kuviwo ngokubizwa ngokuba yi "honeycomb symptom" -imimandla eneempawu eziphakamileyo.
- I-Lumbar iguqulwa ukufundwa kwe-cerebrospinal fluid.
- I-biopsy ye-stereotoxic yengqondo, evumela ukufumana iprotheni echaphazelayo.
Isifo sengqondo sikaCreutzfeldt-Jakob
Ekubeni asikho isizathu esona saso sifo, akukho nyeza efunyenwe nxamnye nayo. Ukugonywa kweenkomo kunye nabantu abazange bazise iziphumo ezifunwayo. Musa ukwenza kwiibhononi ezinobuthi kunye namachiza antiviral. Abaphandi bakwazi ukuqonda indlela yokwandisa ubomi beeseli ezisulelekileyo, kodwa oku kuphela isinyathelo esincinane ekukhangela izixhobo ezichanekileyo. Okwangoku, isifo seenkomo esibi emantwini siphathwa kuphela ngeempawu. Isigulane simiselwe i-anticonbulsant kunye neyeza zokulwa ne-antiepileptic.