Ukubeka isampuli yegazi ukuhlalutya, kuhlala kuyathakazelisa ukwazi ukuba ukuhlanganiswa okungaqhelekanga kwencwadi kunye namanani kubonisa. Ngako oko, makhe sithethe malunga noko kuthetha ntoni ukuvavanya igazi kwi-CEA, xa kunikwe umyalelo kunye nendlela izikhombisi zichazwe ngayo.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwi-CEA
I-REA ngumhlaza we-anti-ogen, umhlobo weprotheni oveliswa ngamalungu angaphakathi omntu onempilo ngendlela engabalulekanga. Kutheni le ngxube ibaluleke kakhulu kumntu omdala, ihlala iyimfihlelo yamachiza. Kuyaziwa ukuba ngexesha lokuphuhliswa kwamamoriki eli qela likhuthaza ukukhula kweseli.
Uvavanyo lwegazi lomenzi wesifo somhlaza we-REA luboniswe xa kunqatshelwe i-oncology. Ngokukodwa, ukwanda okwenziwe kwimizimba yamaprotheni kubonakala phambi koomhlaza wekoloni. Nangona kunjalo, nangona uxinzelelo olwandisiweyo lomgcini-mhlaba, akuyimfuneko ukulila i-alamu. Ngokuqhelekileyo imbangela yesalathisi esicatshulwayo yikhoko lobuchopho obunobungozi okanye inkqubo yokuvuvukala. Kuboniswa ukuba ukuvutha kwamaphancre kunokwandisa i-index ngo-20-50%. Ukusetyenziswa kotywala kunye nokubhema kunokuchaphazela kakhulu umphumo wohlalutyo.
Nangona kunjalo, isibonakaliso se-CEA egazini sisetyenziselwa ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kwe-oncology enobungozi. Xa iiseli ziguqulwa, ukuxinwa kwe-antigen akunyuswanga ngokuphawulekayo, kodwa kwenyuka ngokukhawuleza kwaye kwenyuka rhoqo, okwenza kube lula ukuhlula i-tumor ebulalayo ekuvukeleni. Ukongeza kwimihlaza yesisu esiswini, i-CEA inceda ukuchonga iinkqubo zomhlaza kwizitho ezilandelayo, njenge:
- esiswini;
- intloko yamathambo:
- kukhanya:
- i pancreas;
- maqanda;
- iprotate.
Kwakhona, ngokumisela ukuxinwa komhlaza womhlaza we-antigen, ukuphuhliswa kwamathambo esiswini seethambo kunye nesibindi kudlalwa rhoqo.
Igazi kwi-REA ayinikezelwa kuphela ukufumanisa izifo. Ngexesha lokunyangwa komhlaza, inkqubo inceda ukubeka iliso. Ukunciphisa amanqanaba e-antigen kunokubonisa unyango oluphumelelayo. Nangemva kokuphiliswa komhlaza, izigulane zikwacetyiswa ukuba zihlolisise ngegazi ixesha elide, kuba isalathisi esiphezulu se-oncomarker ivumela ukufumanisa ngokukhawuleza kokubuyiswa kwakhona kwezilwanyana.
Inkcazo yohlalutyo
Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukucacisa ngokuqaphela isiphumo esifumene ukuba uvavanyo lwegazi kwi-CEA lithetha isiqhelo? Kule meko, kufuneka ugxininise kwizalathisi eziphakathi:
- umntu otshaya, isiqhelo kuyinto 0-5.5 ng / ml;
- abangabhemi - 0-3.8 ng / ml.
Ngelo xesha, kuyafaneleka ukukhumbula ukuba ukuhlolwa kwegazi kumqhubi we-CEA akubonisi umphumo we-100%. Ukuxinwa kwe-antigen okugqithisileyo kubonisa kuphela ingozi yokwanda kwe-oncology. Ukuba ukrokreza isifo, kufuneka ufumane unyango olululo. Kwakhona, umxube ophantsi we-antigen unokunika umfanekiso ongafanelekanga ukuba uvavanyo lwebhubhoratri aluhambeli uhlobo oluthile lwesakhiwo esibi.
Ukuphucula ukuchaneka kohlalutyo, kucetyiswa ukuba:
- Ngaphambi kokuba uthathe isampuli yegazi kwiiyure eziyi-8, ungadli.
- Kucetyiswa ngababhemayo ukulibala ngomkhwa omubi kwiiyure ezingama-24 ezizayo.
- Isiqingatha seyure ngaphambi kokuthatha igazi ukukhupha umsebenzi wokuzilolonga, kunye namava omzwe.
Ukwazi ukuba igazi libonisa ntoni kwi-CEA, akufanele wenze ukuba ufumane ukuxilongwa. Okokuqala, iikliniki ezahlukeneyo zingavelisa iziphumo ezahlukeneyo, kuba iindlela ezininzi zisetyenziselwa ukuchonga i-antigen. Okwesibini, umngcipheko we-oncology awuthetha ukuba khona kwesi sifo. Ngoko ke, kufuneka uphulaphule uluvo lukagqirha, ngubani na, ukuba kuyimfuneko, uya kunika isifundo esongezelelweyo kwabanye abakuqalayo .