Isifo sisinye sezibonakaliso eziqhelekileyo zokungabikho komzimba kubantwana beeminyaka ezahlukeneyo. Isizathu salo sisilula: kungukungena kwe-allergen kwiimbrane ze-mucous, ukukhululwa kwama-immunoglobulins athile kumaseli omzimba omzimba (histamine, bradykinin). Aba balamli benza kwiindonga zemithambo yegazi kwaye bangela ukwanda kwimiba yayo, ebonakaliswa yi-mucosal edema, i-runny impumlo kunye ne-urticaria, kwaye ichaphazela izihlunu ezihamba kakuhle zomthi onqabileyo, obangela ukuba kuncitshiswe. Nantsi inhlanganisela ye-edema ye-mucosa yendlela yokuphefumula kunye ne-spasm yayo kwaye iqhube ukuhlaselwa kwesibetho sokukhupha umntwana . Emva koko, siza kuqwalasela oko kubangela ukukhwehlela komntwana kunye nokunyanga kwakhe.
Indlela yokunciphisa ukukhwehlela komzimba kumntwana?
Indlela ebaluleke kakhulu yokujongana nokukhwehlela komzimba kukuphelisa i-allergen. Unokuzama ukuzichaza ngokwakho kwaye ungabandakanyi, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka uphendukele kubaqeqeshi uncedo. Ngoko, izifo eziqhelekileyo ziyizothuli lomhlaba (izilwanyana ezinothuli ezinokuhlala emithanjeni yeentsiba), iinwele zeentlanzi, i-ragweed bloom. Ukuba kukho enye ingentla iyenzeka, kufuneka uyilahle. Buza abahlobo ukuba banakekele isilwanyana sabo, bahlala behlambulula indlu yabo, batshintshe imithwalo yeentsiba, baze balwe nokhula kufuphi nendlu.
Unyango lwonyango lokukhwehlela okwenyuka kubantwana
Kwimichiza, i-antihistamines isetyenziswe ngokubanzi, enqunywe ukufikelela kwiminyaka eyi-6 kwiindawo ezinqabileyo (iFenistil, iClaritin), kwaye emva kweminyaka engama-6 kumacwecwe (Cetrin, Tavegil). Ukulungiswa kweli qela kunempumelelo ephezulu yokukhwehlela abantwana, kodwa kunokubangela ukulala nokukhuseleka.
Ukuba umntwana unomkhuhlane okhulayo, ugqirha ochanekileyo uya kukhetha i-enterosorbents kwisigulane esincinci (Enterosgel, Polysorb ). Ngeendlela ezinzima zokukhwehlela (ezifana nesifo se-asthmatic), ugqirha unokuncoma ukuba enze ukukhulelwa ukukhusela ukuhlaselwa. Ukwenza oku, ungathenga i-inhaler ekhethekileyo kwi-pharmacy, apho ungongeza khona i-bronchodilators okanye i-hormone.
Njengoko sibona, ukukhwehlela komntwana kumntwana kunika ingxaki enkulu kwintsapho, kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ifuna indlela edibeneyo yokonyango. Ukuba awuyi kutshintsha indlela yobomi bomntwana kwaye ungagqithisi i-allergen, ngoko nayiphi na imithi ayiyi kuba namandla.