Pneumonia

I-pneumonia yisifo esibalulekileyo semiphunga, apho izicubu zomphunga zivutha. Iibhaktheriya zihlala zijongene nokuphuhliswa kwe-pneumonia.

Iintlobo ze-pneumonia

Kukho uluhlu lwe-pneumonia, ngokuxhomekeka kwendawo yesilonda:

• i-pneumonia yindlela ephawulekayo yesifo apho ummandla omncinci wompompo uhlaselwa khona (oko kuthiwa yi-bronchopneumonia, apho i-bronchi kunye nezifo zokuphefumula zonakaliswe);
• ukwabelana - inani lempompo lichaphazelekayo (oku kubhekisela kwi-pneumonia ye-cuperous - i-alveoli ichaphazelekayo);
• icandelo - lifikelela kumaqela amaninzi emphunga;
• ukucoca - kule fomu encinci foci idibanise ibe enkulu;
• iyonke-iyasebenza kumphepha wonke.

Kwakhona, i-pneumonia ihlelwe ngumlingo wesifo semiphunga njengelinye icala-isifo sithatha umphunga omnye, kunye nemibindi yomibini - iimpumphu zichaphazelekayo.

Iphuzu elibalulekileyo kwonyango kunye nempawu zesifo se-pneumonia kukuba ingaba isisifo esizimeleyo okanye isiphumo sesinye isifo (umzekelo, ngenxa ye-bronchitis).

Ukuba i-pneumonia ayikhulanga ngenxa yesifo, ngoko kuthiwa yi-pneumonitis.

Iimbangela ze-pneumonia

Ininzi i-pneumonia isifo sesibini esenzeka emva kwe-bronchitis engapheliyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iimeko zesifo se-pneumonia zibhalwa ngexesha lobunzima be-influenza, kuba ludala indawo efanelekileyo yintsholongwane emzimbeni, oku kunokubangela ukuba ne-pneumonia.

I-pneumonia igxile ingaba yesibini ngenxa yezi zifo zilandelayo:

• ukukhwehlela;
• imasisi;
• mkhuhlane o lubomvu ;
• meningococcal meningitis;
• umkhuhlane we typhoid;
• i-excurent otitis media;
• peritonitis;
• isifo somhlaza;
• furunculosis;
• ukungabikho kwesibindi;
• osteomyelitis.

Xa i-pneumonia ejolise ngokuyinhloko, i-microbes ihamba nge-bronchi - okubizwa ngokuba yi-bronchogenic pathway, kwaye xa ivela njengesifo sesibini, i-microbes, i-virus kunye ne-fungusayo inomdla we-hematogenous and lymphogenic.

I-pneumonia ye-Focal - iimpawu

Impawu zokuqala ze-pneumonia ziba nzima okanye ziphuhlise kancane.

Iimpawu eziphambili ze-pneumonia:

• ukukhupha;
• ukuphosa;
• umkhuhlane;
• intloko;
• intlungu kwisifuba ngexesha lokuphefumula nokukhwehlela.

Ubushushu be-pneumonia ephambili buphezulu, kwaye bufikelela kuma-degrees angama-39. Ukuba ukukhuseleka kubuthakathaka, ngoko bushushu bukwazi ukuphakama kuphela ukuba bufezelele.

Ukuba unyango luqaliswa ngexesha, kwaye luqukethe ama-antibacterial agents, ukushisa kugcinwe kwiintsuku ezingama-5.

Isikhumba sinokumanzi kwaye somile. I-Slime evela kwi-bronchi inokungahlambulukanga.

Ngethuba le-pneumonia, umntu uphefumula aze aphefumle-uphefumule u-30 ngomzuzu kwaye ufike kuma-110.

Ukuba i-agent causative ye-pneumonia igxininise i-streptococcus, ngoko kunye neempawu ezichazwe njenge-pleurisy eziqhotyoshelweyo.

Unyango lwe-pneumonia ephambili

Kwi-80% yamatyala, i-pneumococcus yi-agent e causative ye-pneumonia, kodwa kunye nezinye iibhaktheriya zingabangela le sifo: staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus, E. coli, i-meningococcus, i-chlamydia, i-mycoplasma, njl.

• i-fluoroquinolones;
• penicillin;
• cephalosporins.

Zingadibaniswa kwaye zonyulwe ukuba zifike kwiintsuku eziyi-14. Zigqityiweyo ziyi-intramuscularly and intravenously.

Ngoku kunye nalokhu, isigulane simiselwe ama-agent aqinisekisayo ngendlela yevitham edibeneyo kunye neyeza zokuchasana. Kubalulekile ukuthatha i-mucolytics ngekhwehlela emanzi ukucoca i-bronchi kwiibhakteria kunye ne-mucus. Kule ndlela usebenzisa iBromgeksin, Eufillin, Teopek.

Ukusetyenziswa kwonyango kwendawo esekelwe kumayeza kunye namafutha.

Xa ukubonakaliswa ngokuphawulekayo kwe-pneumonia kususwe, iindlela zokusebenzisa i-physiotherapeutic zisetyenziswa - UHF kunye ne-electrophoresis.

Ngaba i-pneumonia igulane?

I-pneumonia ukuvuvukala kwezicubu, kwaye ke akunako ukusuleleka, kodwa izifo eziphilayo (iintsholongwane, iintsholongwane, iifungi) zingangena emzimbeni womnye umntu kwaye zibangele i-pneumonia, okanye umkhuhlane okanye nayiphi na esinye isifo abahlala besenza.

Inkxalabo ye-pneumonia ephambili

Ukunyanga okwaneleyo kunokuba nemiphumo elandelayo:

• ukuhluleka kwentliziyo ;
• tshutshiswa;
• i-edema yepommonari;
• myocarditis;
• pericarditis;
• endocarditis;
• sepsis;
• i-meningitis;
• i-gangrene yomphunga;
• i-anemia.