Intonga yeHemophilic yi-gram-negative immobile bactrium, echazwe kuqala yi-britistologist yaseJamani uRichard Pfeiffer ngo-1892. Ekuqaleni, wayichaza njengento ekhuselekileyo yentsholongwane, kodwa namhlanje kuyaziwa ukuba le bhaktiriya ibangela umonakalo kwinkqubo yesistim ephakathi, izitho zokuphefumula kwaye ikhuthaza ukubunjwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kwizitho ezahlukahlukeneyo. Abaninzi abasengozini kwintsholongwane ngabantwana kunye nabantu abadala abanomzimba obuthathaka. Ibhaktiriya ichaphazela abantu kuphela.
Xa ngo-1933 izazinzulu zenza ukuba intsholongwane ibangelwa yiintsholongwane, kwaye ingekho iibhaktheriya, bahlaziya isimbolo sendonga ye-hemophilic njenge-agent e causative yentsholongwane, kwaye yabizwa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba enye yeebhaktheriya ezibangelwa i-meningitis, i-pneumonia ne-epiglottitis.
I-Haemophilus influenzae - iimpawu
Umthombo wendonga ye-hemophilic ngumntu. Ibhaktiriya ihlala kwiphepha eliphezulu lokuphefumula, kwaye kuyathakazelisa ukuba abantu abangama-90% banalo, kwaye umphathiswa onempilo unokuhlala kwiinyanga ezi-2. Nangona umntu enesifo esithile esinqununu, okanye xa ethatha iqondo elikhulu lamachiza e-antibiotiki, intonga ye-hemophilic isala kwi-mucosa, kwaye ingasasazeka phantsi kwe-immunity.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, iziganeko zentsholongwane ye-hemophilic zibhalwe ekupheleni kwebusika kunye nasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, xa umzimba uphathaka.
Kubantwana, intonga ye-hemophilic ivame ukukhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kwe-meningitis, kunye nabantu abadala-i-pneumonia.
Ngokuqhelekileyo i-agent causative ikhona emzimbeni ixesha elide ngokungabonakaliyo. Kodwa nge-immunity ekhuselekeni, i-hypothermia okanye ngenxa yokwanda kwenani le-microbes kunye neentsholongwane emzimbeni, intonga ye-hemophilic ikhuthaza ukuvuvukala nezifo zeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
Ingakumbi mhlawumbi ukuphuhliswa kwe-otitis, sinusitis, i-pneumonia kunye ne-bronchitis kulabo baqhagamshelana nomntu osulelekileyo ngentonga kunye nalapho kubangele iimpawu zobunzima.
I-Hemophilus influenzae inokubangela ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ezinqamlekileyo ze-adipose okanye zichaphazele amajoyina. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, igalelo ekuphuhliseni i-sepsis.
Lezo zintambo ezingenayo i-haemophilic ezingenayo i-capsule zithintela kuphela i-membrane kwaye ayikhokelela kwisifo esibi.
Izifo eziqhelekileyo zibangela iintambo ze-capsules: ziyangena egazini ngokukhupha i-intercellular kunye neentsuku zokuqala emva kokuba ezingabangela iimpawu. Kodwa xa bengena kwi-system central nervous, bavusa ukuvuvukala kwe-meninges ( meningitis ).
Abo bahluphekileyo esi sifo, banomkhuhlane onamandla kwiintonga ze-hemophilic.
Unyango lweHaemophilus influenzae
Ngaphambi kokuba uphathe intonga ye-hemophilic, kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba nguye, kungekhona olunye uhlobo lwebhaktiriya, kuba luyakwazi ukumelana ne-penicillin, ngokungafani namanye amaninzi. Ukudideka kungavela xa intonga ye-hemophilic ibe negalelo ekuphefumulweni kwesifo se-pneumonia okanye ezinye izifo ezingabangelwa ngenxa yokuba khona kwale bteriki.
Ukuba intonga ye-hemophilic ifumaneka kwi-smear, kuyafaneleka ukuqhuba unyango lweyeza-antibiotic, nangona kungabangeli naziphi iimpawu. Emva kokunyanga, inoculation malunga nentonga ye-hemophilic yenziwa.
Ngentonga ye-hemophilic emqaleni, ngaphezu kwe-antibiotic therapy ampicillin (400-500 mg ngosuku ngosuku lweentsuku ezili-10)
Xa intonga ye-hemophilic kwimpumlo iphinda isetyenziswe i-antibiotics ezinzima kunye neyonyango ye-immunomodulating agent. Iipolisi ze-Polyoxidonium zinaloo propati.
Ukuthintela, ukuxhoma kwintonga ye-hemophilic kwenziwa ngexesha eli-1.
Ukwandisa ukusebenza kwonyango, oogqirha baseMerika batusa ukudibanisa i-ampicillin kunye ne-cephalosporins nge-levomitsetinom. Kwama-antibiotics anamhlanje, i- azithromycin kunye ne-amoxiclav iyasebenza.