Ngokuqhelekileyo, kodwa isifo esiyingozi, esiya kuxoxwa ngaso, ukuxilongwa ngokukhawuleza kudibene nomngcipheko omkhulu wokukhubazeka nokufa. I-Aneurysm yeenqwelo ze-cerebral yi-pathology apho enye okanye imithwalo yegazi emininzi ngaphakathi kwi-gazi ichaphazelekayo, leyo ibangele ukuphazamiseka nokuphuma kwegazi.
I-Aneurysm yemitya ye-cerebral - ibangela
Esi sifo sikhula nangaliphi na iminyaka, kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi zifunyenwe kwizigulane ezineminyaka engama-35 ukuya kuma-60. Ngexesha elifanayo, iingcali ziphawula iziganeko eziphezulu phakathi kwabasetyhini. I-aneurysm yeenqwelo ze-cerebral ibunjwe ngenxa yokuphulwa kwesakhiwo esinezandla ezintathu zodonga lwe-vascular, apho ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwe-elasticity ye-fibric muscle yomgangatho ophakathi kunye nongaphandle, ukunqunyulwa kunye nokwelula, ukuqhawulwa kwendlela esingaphakathi.
Izinto ezifunekayo ekumiseni i-aneurysm zingaba ziinguqu zentsholongwane ze-congenital kwaye zifumene ukukhubazeka. Ubunjani bokuqala (uhlobo lokuzalwa) lubandakanya, umzekelo, ukuchithwa kwengxaki - i-pattugical tortuosity yeerteries kunye neenguqu ezithile kwisakhiwo se-anatomiki kwodonga lwama-vascular ngokwawo. I-aneurysm efumanekayo yengqondo ingadibaniswa nezi zizathu zilandelayo:
- ukuxhwaleka kwe-craniocebral ;
- isifo soxinzelelo;
- ukuhlanganiswa kwe-aorta;
- izilonda ezithathelwanayo zeengxube zengqondo;
- ukuvezwa kwemisebe;
- ii-cysts kunye nezicubu ngaphakathi kwentloko.
Uninzi lwazinzulu luyavuma ukuba izinto ezininzi zidlala indima ekuphuhliseni i-pathology. Ukongezelela, ezi zilandelayo zingenako ukunyusa ingozi yokulahleka kwamandla kunye nokunyaniseka kweempahla, ezenza ukuba kusetyenziswe i-aneurysm:
- ukunyanya;
- kwamkela i-hormonal contraceptive;
- ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala;
- ukutshaya.
Aneurysm yengqondo - iimpawu
Ngokuxhomekeka kubukhulu, i-aneurysm yeenqwelo ze-cerebral, iimpawu zingabizwa okanye zihlale zingaqapheli isiguli. Umfanekiso weklinikhi ubangelwa ukucima ii-site ezingama-anatomiki ezikufuphi kwintsholongwane kunye nokuphazamiseka kwemiphumo yentsholongwane, kuxhomekeka kwendawo. Izibonakaliso eziphambili zeklinikhi zivame ukuba:
- Ubuhlungu entloko - ebonakalayo ngokuchaneka ubude kunye nobukhulu, ngokuqhelekileyo kuvela nge-paroxysmally (kwezinye iimeko, kukho uxhamlwano kunye noxinzelelo olongezelelweyo). Ukuhlala kwendawo yokuxhala kuxhomekeke kwingingqi yesilonda. Kule meko, ukuba ugxininiso lujulile, intlungu ayibi kakhulu, kwaye, ngokuchasene noko, ukusilela kwamanzi kukukhupha intlungu.
- Ukuphazamiseka kokulala - xa ugxininiso luchaphazela ummandla onoxanduva lokujonga ubuthongo, kunokuhlakulela ukulala, ukugula ukulala, ukulala ngolo suku, njl njl.
- Isibilini, isifiso sokuhlanza - iimpawu ezinjalo ziqheleke kakhulu ukuba zifakwe ngendlela engafanelekanga, kunye ne-aneurysms ezinkulu, ezibangela ukunyuswa kwengcinezelo. Ubungqina bezo nzo ngukuthi azinxulumene nokudliwa kokutya, alupheli ngokuthatha amachiza, ukuhlanza akuyi kuzisa.
- Ukuphazamiseka kokubonakalayo - kunye nezinguqu ezingavumelekanga zentsholongwane kwintsimi ye-optic neentsholongwane, ukulahlekelwa okanye ukulahlekelwa ngokupheleleyo kwemboniso, intambo, imibono emibini, ukukhanya, "ukugubungela" phambi kwamehlo, njl.
- Iintlanzi - iingqamlezo ezingasalawulwayo zomzimba zingabonakala xa iziqendu ezingabonakaliyo zobuchopho zinyanzelwa ngumbutho omkhulu kwiimithambo.
- Ukuchithwa kwamakhono okuqonda - ukukhubazeka kwememori, ukukwazi ukufumana ulwazi olutsha, ukucinga ngokufanelekileyo, ukufunda, ukubala, njl njl.
- Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo - ukutshintsha rhoqo kwiimeko zesimo sengqondo, ukucaphuka, ukuxhalabisa ngokweqile.
- Ubungqina beendawo zobuso, ubuthathaka bobunzima bomzimba.
Aneurysm yengqondo ye-aorta - iimpawu
I-Aneurysm yengqondo ngamanye amaxesha inokuchaphazela amagatsha e-aorta - isitya esikhulu esiphezulu esisemzimbeni. Phakathi kokubonakaliswa kwesi sifo, izigulane zihlala ziphawula ukucinezela-ukungathandeki kakuhle kwiindawo ezahlukileyo zentloko ehambelana nokunyuka kwengcinezelo. Ukongezelela, ukungcola, ukuhla kwe-pulse, kunye nokujuluka kudla rhoqo. Ngamanye amaxesha kunomtsalane omncinci wokubetha entloko kwindawo yokulimala.
Isigubha se-cerebral artery aneurysm
Ifom yesi sifo, apho i-defect eyenziwe yifana nesigxoba esigcwele igazi kwaye isakhiwe ngenxa yomonakalo wendawo kwenye yezohlulo ze-vascular, yinto eqhelekileyo. Kule meko, i-vortex yenziwa kwigazi, ukunyakaza kwegazi kuphungula, kukho ingozi yamacenge egazi. Imiqondiso ye-aneurysm ye-cerebral yalolu hlobo ayikwazi ukubonakaliswa ixesha elide, kuze kube yilapho kuqhutywe i-protrusion okanye thrombosis.
I-Aneurysm yombumba ophezulu wengqondo
Ngokutshatyalaliswa komthamo ophezulu (basilar), intlungu ibekwe kwindawo yesipiliti yentloko nentamo. Ukongezelela, i-aneurysm ye-artery yecerebral yenza ukuba kubonakale ukubonakaliswa kweparresis ye-facial nerve, ukungahambi kakuhle kweva, ukuvakala kwendlebe efana nomoya womoya. Ngenxa yokuba Umthambo omkhulu uhlinzeka ngegazi kwi-cerebellum kunye nebhaloji ye-variolium, ngoko ukunikezelwa kwegazi okwaneleyo kula masebe, ukuxakeka kwegazi, ukuphazamiseka kokuva, kunye nokuphazamiseka kokusebenza.
Aneurysm ye-artery carotid yengqondo
Iimpawu zesimo se-aneurysm yengqondo esekelwe kwindawo yendawo ye-carotid ibandakanya ukubonakaliswa njengengxolo kunye nokukhalisa ezindlebeni, iintloko ezinzulu, utywaba, iingxaki ezibonakalayo. Ngethuba lokunwaba kunye noviwo, ukuba lubekwe kwindawo ephezulu, ukuvuvukala okungaqhelekanga kuyabonakala, kwindawo apho kunzima khona.
Aneurysm yemikhumbi ye-cerebral - imiphumela
Ubukho obude be-aneurysms ne-compression ye-lobes yangaphambili bukhokelela kwi-atrophy ye-cerebral kule ndawo. Ngenxa yoko, kukho ukunyuka okuqhubekayo kwengqondo, kubonakaliswe kwiinguqu zokuziphatha, iimpawu zobuqu. I-aneurysm yengqondo, iimpawu zeempembelelo zesisu ngenxa yokuba akunakwenzeka ukulungisa umonakalo obonayo, kubangela umonakalo kwiimbono ze-optic.
Ukukhupha i-aneurysms ye-cerebral
Xa ukuxilongwa kwe-aneurysm ye-cerebral, nayiphi na imvakalelo emzimbeni okanye emzimbeni, ukuxhamla kwixinzelelo legazi, imikhwa emibi ingakhohlisa ngokukhawuleza isiphumo esiyingozi kakhulu - ukuphulwa kwegazi elizaliswe nge-vascular formation. Ngenxa yoko, kukho ukubola kweengxenyeni zengqondo okanye indawo yokungena kuyo, igazi liqala ukuqhuba uxinzelelo kule ndawo, kwaye oku kukuphazamiseka kwemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo.
Ngamanye amaxesha ukugqithiswa kweenqwelo ze-cerebral ngeenqwelo zokungaphazamanga ezingalindelekanga kunokukhokelela kwisiphumo esibulalayo. Qaphela ukuba umzuzu wegap unokuba kwizinto eziphambili ezilandelayo:
- entloko;
- uvakalelo lwesiphithiphithi;
- ukuhlanza okukhulu;
- ukulahleka kwengqondo.
Ukuphuma kwe-aneurysms ye-cerebral - imiphumela
Kwamanye amaxesha, ukuphuka kwe-aneurysms ye-cerebral ingaba yinto edabukisayo, kodwa emva kokuqhwala komzimba kwingqondo, umntu uvame ukukhubazeka. Ukufunyaniswa nale nkxalabo kunoku:
- uhlangothi olubi ;
- i-hydrocephalus;
- vasospasm;
- coma;
- umonakalo wengqondo engapheliyo, njl
Unyango lwe-aneurysm yengqondo
Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba amagqirha anamhlanje akanayo iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokukhusela i-aneurysms ye-cerebral. Ngoko ke, xa ufumanisa isifo esinobungozi, kungcono ukuba ungabikho umngcipheko kwaye ungazivivinyi ngokwakho naziphi izilwanyana, kwaye akukho naluphi na ubuchwephesha obuninzi, obunikwe rhoqo ngoogqirha, kodwa ngeengqungquthela. Unyango olusebenzayo lwe-aneurysms ye-cerebral lungenziwa kuphela ngokusetyenziswa kocwangco.
Kwiimeko apho ukubunjwa kwe-vascular kuncinci, akubangeli ukuphazamiseka okukhulu, izigulane zikwacelwa ukuba zilinde kwaye zigcine amaqhinga, ahlinzekela ukutyelela rhoqo kwi-neurosurgeon okanye i-neurologist, ukujonga ubungakanani be-aneurysm, ukulandelela "ukuziphatha kwayo". Ukongeza, iindlela zokunciphisa umngcipheko weemiphumo eziyingozi zonyulwa:
- ukujongwa kwengcinezelo yegazi;
- kuncipha kwi-cholesterol egazini;
- ukwanda kwe-articular;
- unyango lwezifo ezithathelwanayo;
- ukugatya imikhwa emibi;
- ukulungiswa kwemisebenzi yomzimba, njl.
Aneurysm yengqondo - ukusebenza
Ukuba i-aneurysm yeenqwelo ze-cerebral ifunyenwe, edla ngokuxilongwa yi-X-rayi, iimviwo zecatographic kunye ne-angiography, kunokwenzeka ukuba ibaleke kwiinkcaso zayo ngokusebenza kwe-neurosurgical. Uphuhliso lomsebenzi kule nkqubo luyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, lujolise ekuhlukaniseni umtya we-aneurysm kwaye uyisuse ekujikelezeni kwe-cerebral. Umsebenzi wokususa i-aneurysm yemikhumbi ye-cerebral ingenziwa ngenye yezindlela eziphambili:
- ukuphela kwamathuba endovascular;
- ukutsalwa kwe-cervix ye-Aneurysm.
Utyando lwe-Endovascular ye-artery degrees aneurysms
Le ndlela iyingcipheko encinci, iqhutywe phantsi kwe-anesthesia jikelele. Ukuqulunqwa kwe-Endovascular ye-aneurysm yeenqwelo ze-cerebral kubandakanya ukusungulwa kwelinye leenqanawa ezikude ezisisityebeni se-catheter eguquguqukayo ngokuthe gqolo kuya phambili kwisiza se-pathological under the control of the x-ray devices. Ngaphezulu, i-microspiral ifakwe kwisitishi se-aneurysm kwi-catheter, ebangela ukuvala kunye nokufa kwesakhiwo. Ubuncedo beli qhinga lithuba lokufikelela kwiinqanawa ezisezantsi, isicelo nangemva kokuphelelwa kwe-aneurysm.
Ukukhangela i-aneurysms ye-cerebral
Xa i-aneurysm yeenqwelo ze-cerebral ingasondelanga okanye xa kungenelela ngokungxamisekileyo emva kokuba kufuneke ukubola kwegazi, ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile kwenziwa. Le ndlela iquka ukuvula i-krikri kunye nokuhlukanisa ukubunjwa ukusuka ekuphumeni kwegazi ngokuseka isicatshulwa esikhethekileyo entanyeni. Ngenxa yoko, isithintelo se-vascular protrusion siyafa ngokugqithiswa ngokuqhubekayo kunye nezicubu zayo.
Ukusebenza kufuna i-high-quality microsurgical equipment, i-microscope yokusebenza. Ukuba ukungenelela kwenziwe emva kokuba i-aneurysm yeenqwelo ze-cerebral iphukile, umsebenzi uquka ukukrazula i-hematoma ye-intracerebral kunye nokucoca igazi kwindawo ye-subarachnoid.
Aneurysm yengqondo - iziphumo emva kokuhlinzwa
Nangona ngenxa yempembelelo yokuphucula impumelelo, apho i-aneurysm yeenqwelo ze-cerebral isuswe, imiphumo emva kokuba ukusebenza kungabikho kude. Iingxaki zihambelana nokusabela kwisichengisiso esilungileyo, umonakalo kwiindonga ze-vascular, ukususwa okungapheli kwamacandelo egazi, njl. Kule nkalo, izigulane ziyakhula:
- ukungonakaliswa kwegazi kwiinkcuphu zobuchopho;
- thrombosis;
- edema yecerebral;
- ukubonakala kwe-aneurysm entsha;
- inkqubo yokusuleleka;
- ukuphulwa kwentetho, ukuva, ukubona, njl.
Nangona kunjalo, umngcipheko wokuqhuba umsebenzi uchanekile kwiimeko ezininzi. Ubomi emva kokucima kwe-aneurysm yeenqwelo ze-cerebral, kunye nangemva kokusebenza kwe-endovascular, kunemida kunye neziphakamiso. Izigulane ezininzi zifuna ixesha elide lokuvuselelwa kunye ne-physiotherapy, ukusetyenziswa kwamachiza, imisebenzi ephindaphindiweyo.