Umthetho we-Weber-Fechner ngowona nto ifunyenwe ebalulekileyo kwintsimi ye-psychophysics, evumela ukuba sikwazi ukubonakalisa into engabonakaliyo yokunikezela kunoma yiluphi udidi lokubaluleka, oko kukuthi, ukuvakalelwa komntu.
Umthetho osisiseko sengqondo we-Weber-Fechner
Okokuqala, makhe siqwalasele izinto ezibalulekileyo zeli binzana. Umthetho we-Weber-Fechner uthi ubukhulu bentshukumo yomntu bubulingana ne-logarithm yokunyusa amandla. Akufuneki ukusho, ukususela okokuqala ngolo hlobo ukuqulunqwa komthetho we-Weber-Fechner kukhwaza, kodwa ngokwenene, into elula.
Emuva kwangekhulu le-19, inzululwazi u-E. Weber yakwazi ukubonisa ngoncedo lweemvavanyo eziliqela ezithintekayo, ukuze umntu aqonde ukuba yinto ehlukileyo kumntu owedlule, kufuneka abe neyantlukwano kunye nohlobo oludlulileyo ngokwemali ehambelana nokuvuselela okokuqala.
Njengomzekelo olula weli ngxelo, unokuzisa izifundo ezimbini ezinobunzima obuthile. Kumntu angabajonga njengento ehlukileyo kwisisindo, okwesibini kufuneka kuhluke ngo-1/30.
Omnye umzekelo unokunikezelwa ekukhanyeni. Ukuze umntu abone umehluko ekukhanyeni kwamakhanksi amabini, ukukhanya kwazo kufuneka kuhluke ngo-1/100. Okokuthi, i-candle ye-bulb 12 ekhanyayo iyahluka kancinane ukusuka kwenye leyo enye enye eyongeziweyo, kunye nomkhangeli wesibane esinye, esongeziweyo, siya kunika ngakumbi ngakumbi. Nangona i-bulb enye kuphela yongezwa kwiimeko zombini, ukuhlukana kokukhanyisa kuya kuqondwa ngendlela eyahlukileyo, kuba kubangele ukulinganisa okuqalayo kunye nolunye olubalulekileyo olubalulekileyo.
Umthetho we-Weber-Fechner: ifom
Ukuqulunqwa esiye kuxubusha ngasentla kuxhaswa yindlela ekhethekileyo ebonisa intshukumo yomthetho we-Psychophysical Weber-Fechner. Ngomnyaka we-1860, uFechner wakwazi ukwenza umyalelo othi u-force sensation p ulingana ne-logarithm ye-stimulus intensity S:
p = k * log {S} \ {S_0}
apho i-S_0 ixabiso elibonakalisa ubunzima be-stimulus: ukuba i-S
Ukuze uqonde lo myalelo, umgaqo wento ebizwa ngokuba ngumngcipheko, osungulwe kwinkqubo yeengqondo ze-psychophysical, ibaluleke kakhulu.
Izikhuselo ze-Weber-Fechner zomthetho
Kamva, kwafunyaniswa ukuba ubunzima obukhoyo bexesha elidinga ukuphumeza kwinqanaba elithile, ukuze umntu abe nethuba lokuva umphumo walo. Umoya obuthathaka, obunikeza ukuqonda okungaqondakali, ubizwa ngokuba ngumngcipheko ophantsi.
Kukho nelo nqanaba leempembelelo, emva koko iimvakalelo azikwazi ukunyuka. Kule meko, sithetha ngomngcipheko ophezulu woluvo. Naluphina uhlobo lomthelela umntu uziva ngokukhethekileyo kunye nexesha eliphakathi kwezi zimbini zibonakaliso, ngenxa yeli libizwa ngokuba ngumngcele ongaphandle.
Umntu akanakunceda ukusho ukuba akukho ukulinganisa ngokupheleleyo kwegama phakathi kobunzulu bokuvakalelwa kunye nokucaphukisa kunye nokuba
Kule meko, sithetha ngento yokuba ukwanda kwentshukumo kubuthathaka. Isixa apho ukunyusa ukunyuka kuthiwa ngumbandela wokubandlululwa. Ngako oko kulandela ukuba ukucaphukisa ubunzima obuthathaka obuncinane bubangaphambili, kwaye bunamandla kakhulu. Ngexesha elifanayo, izinga lezi zikhombisi lixhomekeke ekuveleleni ngokubhekiselele kucalucalulo - ukuba ulwaphulo-mthetho kulwaphulo-mthetho luphezulu, ngoko umbandela wokubandlululwa, ngokulandelanayo, uphantsi.