Umhlaza wesifuba ngumhlaza oqhelekileyo. Ubungakanani bokuba kwenzekayo kwandisa ngokukhawuleza kunye nobudala, kodwa ukukhubazeka kubonakala kubasetyhini bexesha lokuzala. Makhe siqwalasele ngokubanzi malunga nokuphulwa, zichonge izizathu zalo, iimpawu zomhlaza wesisu kubasetyhini kunye neendlela zokwelapha.
Kutheni kwenzeka umdlavuza webele?
Izizathu zesifo somhlaza wesifuba zihlukeneyo, ngenxa yoko, kudla ngokuba yingxaki ukuba kungabikho ngokuthe ngqo ukukhokelela kwisifo. Ngokuqaphela, ukuxilongwa ngokuhlukileyo, kuya kuba eso sifo sishukunyiswa yimibandela emininzi. Phakathi kwezona zinto ezibangela ukuphuhliswa kwenkqubo yesifo sezinto ezibangela izizathu, i-oncologists ichonga:
- Ubudala. Iinkqubo ze-oncological zivame ukufunyaniswa ngabafazi abaneminyaka engama-40-60 ubudala. Nangona kunjalo, oku akubandakanyi isidingo sokuhlola amantombazana amancinci.
- Heredity. I-Oncologists iphawula ukunyuka kwezinga lokukhubazeka kwabasetyhini abaneentsapho zabo ezincinci ezihlaselwa yi-oncology. Umngcipheko wokuphuhliswa kwezilwanyana kwezi zigulana unokwanda ukuya kuma-5, ngokuxhomekeke kwisilinganiselo sobuhlobo.
- Ukulimala kwe-grey gland. Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa ufumanisa i-tumor, kuqinisekiswe ukuba idibene nokubetha, ukulimala kwesifuba.
- Ukuphululwa kwenkqubo yokutya. Uxinzelelo oluqhubekayo kunye nokugqithiseleyo kubangela ukudinwa komsebenzi, ukuphazamisa isifo semetabolism esiqhelekileyo emzimbeni.
- Ukuphazamiseka kwesondlo. Ukugqithiswa kokutya kwezilwanyana zezilwanyana, ukutya okunomxholo ophezulu wekhalori, ukungabi naluvo lwevithamini A, E, C kukhokelela ekunyuseni komzimba. Ukuphuhliswa kokukhuluphala kunokubangela ukuba kuqhutywe iinkqubo ze-ecological.
- Ulwaphulo olunxulumene nomsebenzi wokuzala. Kule tshintsho, kuchukumisa ukuqala kwezifo ze-oncological, kunokwenzeka ukuba ubonise:
- ekuqaleni kokuqala kokuya esikhathini (ngaphambi kweminyaka eyi-12);
- ukuphela kwesisu emva kwexesha elide (emva kweminyaka engama-55);
- Umsebenzi wokuqala wokuqala (emva kwe-30);
- ukukhulelwa emva kwama-40;
- ixesha elincinci lomlotha osebenzayo;
- ukukhipha isisu rhoqo;
- iinkqubo ezivuthayo kwiintlobo zokusebenza;
- ukungabikho kokuqala;
- ubomi obungasifanelanga ngokwesondo.
- Ukuphambana kwesibindi, i-thyroid, i-ovaries. Ukungaphumeleli kwe-hormones ngamaziko aqhelekileyo abangela umdlavuza webele.
- Ionizing radiation. Ukuphindaphinda kwexesha lokukhula kwezilwanyana kwandisa kwizigulane ezibonakaliswe kwimisebe yomsakazo. Impembelelo enkulu ye-oncogenic yaphawulwa kwizigulane ezazisetyenziselwa imirhumo eneminyaka eyi-10 ukuya kweye-19, ukuya kwizinga elincinci - kubafazi abasemdala kunama-35.
- Indlela engalunganga yobomi. Ubukho bemikhwa emibi, i-hypodynamia kwandisa ixesha lokuphuhliswa kweenkqubo ze-oncological kwi-mammary gland.
Iifom zesifo somhlaza
Ngokuxhomekeke kwingingqi yesilonda, ubunzulu beenguqu kunye nobume babo, ezi zilandelayo zilandelayo:
- nodular;
- isasazeka (ifom yokungena, ukungena ngaphakathi, ukuvutha);
- imastitis-like;
- i-erysipelas (ifomati ye-carapaceous);
- nomhlaza wePaget .
Ifom ye-infiltrative-edematous yomdlavuza webele
Umdlavuza webele we-Infiltrative uhlala uhamba kunye nokuvuvukala, ukuxubha kwebele. Xa uvavanywa, ugqirha ufumanisa ukuba buhlungu okanye, xa kungenakwenzeka, ukungathandeki, ukungena ngaphakathi (ukungqinelana). Ngaloo nto iqulethekile, ayikho imida ecacileyo, yaye ihlala ithatha ininzi yegland. Ngenxa yoko, isifuba sanda ngokwanda, ulusu luya kubomvu.
Xa uzama ukubeka isikhumba kwisilwanyana, umfazi angakwenza ngokubunzima. Ubonakala ngathi i-orange peel. Oku kungenxa yokukhusela izitya ze-lymph ezine-tumbo-shaped emboli okanye ukuxinwa kwe-tumor yabo enkulu. Ngaloo nto, ubuqhopho buphawuliwe kwindawo ye-asola kunye nezicubu ezijikelezayo. Kwi-armpit, i-lymph nodes ezixinayo ziyafunyanwa.
Ifom ye-neodular yomhlaza wesifuba
Umdlavuza onjalo webele kubasetyhini uqhelekileyo kunabanye. Le fomu i-80% yazo zonke iimeko. Kwimigangatho yokuqala, i-tumor ayibangele ukuba ibhinqa liphazamisekile, alibonakali. Isibonakaliso esisodwa sibukho bobunzima obungenabuhlungu, obunqamlekileyo, okanye uphawu kwisifuba. Ngokuqhelekileyo i-tumor isendaweni yangaphakathi kwinqanaba eliphezulu lebele.
Xa zihlolwe, i-mammologists ihlola ukulinganisa kwendawo kunye nokubunjwa kweentlanzi. I-syndrome ene-wrinkled yintshintsho kwesikhumba sesifuba, iqala kakade ngobukhulu bokwebunjwa ukuya kwi-2 cm. Xa umhlaza wesifuba uhlala kwindawo ephambili, lo mfazi ulungisa umtsalane weengono, utshintsho kwindawo yalo - iimbumba iyajika kwicala. Oku kunika isigulane kunye ne-esthétique.
Uhlobo olunzima lwesifo somhlaza webele
Umhlaza wesifuba wale fomu ubonakaliswa ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba nasesiswini sebele. Kwindawo yemfundo, ibhinqa ibhalisa ubomvu. Esi sifo si qalisa ngokunyuka kokushisa komzimba, okungafikeli amanqaku aphakamileyo. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, iindwendwe zisasazeka-amatyikitya amatsha avela kwibele, i-gland iyahlutha. Ubungqina bungekho bubi kule fomu. I-metastases emdlalweni wesibeleko sebele le fomu inokufumaneka kwizitho ezingamakhelwane kunye nezicubu.
Umhlaza wesifuba omncinci
Umhlaza wesifuba ubonakala ngokungena kweeseli ze-pathogenic ngqo kwiidonti zeengqungquthela. Ngokuqhelekileyo le fom iyaqhubeka ngokubhekiselele kuhlobo lwe-mastitis - isifuba sibubomvu, iqondo lokushisa likhuphuka, kwaye ukuvuvukala kuvela. Xa i-palpation, i-compaction ifunyenwe. Lincinci ngobukhulu. Ngelo xesha, i-foci ezininzi zikhona. Ngenxa yokufana kweempawu, oogqirha bahlala bedidekile nge-mastitis. Ukuchaza unyango awusebenzi. Ukongezwa okongeziweyo kuseka inkqubo ye-oncological.
Ifomu lokuvuthayo lomhlaza wesifuba
Umhlaza wesibeletho seRozhistopodobny uhlukile kwezinye iindlela zokugula ngenxa yobunzima obukhulu. Ngokukhawuleza ngelophawu, abafazi baya kugqirha. Kule mingxube inemingcele engalingani efana namalamlilo. Oku kubangelwa ukusasazeka kweeseli zesisu kwiimpahla ze-lymphatic. Ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba kuhamba kunye nale nguqulelo. Ukongezelela, iintsholongwane zihambisane nokuphendula okuvuthayo:
- ukwanda kweqondo lomzimba;
- ukuqoqwa kwepus in the thick tissues.
I-Paget Cancer ye Breast
Ngolu hlobo lwesifo, i-tumor isifuba senziwa ngokuthe ngqo kwimilomo yamathambo emilenze e-excretory yommandla wengxube. Kule meko, ukunqotshwa kwe-ingono kunye ne-areola kuza kuqala. Izigulane zivakalelwa kule ndawo, ukuvutha komsindo, ukuvutha komzimba. Isigaba sokuqala sibonakala ngokubonakala kweesikali, izilonda ezingenangqondo ezingenangqondo ze-ingono, i-areola. Ngenxa yoko, indawo yebele iya kwandisa umthamo.
Njengoko inkqubela phambili iqhubela phambili, ingono iyaba yincithakalo, kwaye kwindawo yayo isilonda senziwa. Kancinci, inkqubo iya kwi-areola. Oku kukhokelela ekutshintsheni ngokupheleleyo ekubonakaleni kwebele. Inkqubo isasazeka kwinqanaba ukuya kwezinye iindawo zengqungquthela, ukuthabatha umthamo okhulayo wezicubu. Ngexesha elidlulileyo, banokuyifumanisa ngokuchanekileyo ukubunjwa kwe-tumor.
I-Medullary Breast Cancer
Umdlavuza weMedullary ungaphandle nje kwe- fibroadenoma . Isici esahlukileyo kukukhula ngokukhawuleza kwemfundo ukuya kobukhulu obukhulu ngexesha elifutshane. Ngenxa yoko, ukusuka kwiseli ye-pathological inside the gland, kwenziwa amaqhinga, ahlukeneyo omnye komnye ngabaxhamli abancinci beeseli zamathambo ezinxibelelwano. Kwi-microscopy yesampula yeesisisi iifom zefom ejikelezileyo, zichongiwe umthamo omkhulu we-cytoplasm. I-tumor icacile ngokucacileyo kwiimveliso ezizungezile kwaye oku kuyabonakala ngexesha loviwo. Kulo myingcele kukho izibonda, ezitshintshelisa izicubu ezikufutshane.
I-Cancer Isifo - Iimpawu kunye neMpawu
Kwi-70% yamatyala, abasetyhini baqikelela isifo ngokwabo. Nangona kunjalo, inkqubo ye-pathological isele iguqulwe ngokupheleleyo. Ukuthintela oku kungenzeki, kuyimfuneko ukuhlola iingongoma ubuncinane kanye ngenyanga, nangaphandle kokungahambi kakuhle, intlungu kunye neempawu ezongezelelweyo. Ukuxilongwa ngokwalo kufuneka kwenziwe ngomhla wesi-5 we-7 wesijikelezo. Ukufumana umhlaza wesifuba ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ngamnye umfazi kufuneka azi izifo zesifo. Eziphambili zi:
- utshintsho olukhawulezayo kumlo, ubukhulu besifuba;
- ukubonakala kokukhutshwa kwimbalo;
- ukuhoxiswa kweengono;
- utshintshe kwisakhiwo, umbala wesikhumba sesifuba - ubomvu, ukupenda;
- ukubonakala kwe-edema ngendlela yephepha lemon.
Impawu zokuqala zomhlaza wesifuba kubasetyhini
Ukutshisa, ukuvutha, ukubethelela esifubeni, kwi-nipple kunye ne-areola yimpawu zokuqala zomhlaza wesifuba. Nangona kunjalo, kuyimfuneko ukuchaneka ngokucacileyo le mpawu ngeempawu ezinxulumene notshintsho lwe-cyclic. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abafazi bayakwazi ukuphazamiseka, ukuvuvukala nokunyamezela kweengcambu zamathambo ngexesha lokuvuthwa kunye nesahlulo sesibini somjikelezo, kungekudala ngaphambi kokuya esikhathini. Uphawu olucacileyo lwesifo sikhuphelo siyakhuphazelekayo kumanqanaba okuqala.
Ukukhutshwa kummandla weengono - iimpawu ezibonakalayo zomhlaza wesifuba kubasetyhini, ezinokuthi zilungele ukuqala kwenkqubo yokugula. Emva kwexesha, ivolumu yabo iyanda. Kule meko, umbala unokungafani - ukusuka obala, ogazini, ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kunye nokungcola okungcolileyo. Xa ummandla uqala ukucima iimbosi, iba yibomvu kwaye igubungele. Ukunyuka kwamandla, okwenza loo ntokazi ifune uncedo.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-cancer yombele
Amanyathelo okuxilonga ayenziwa rhoqo ngendlela echanekileyo yokuchonga uhlobo lwesifo kunye nesizathu esibangela ukuba sikhuphe. Ngoko umdlavuza webele we-hormone unxhomekeke kwi-hormone unokuqinisekisa ukutshintsha kwimeko yangaphandle - umfazi unika igazi kuma-hormone. Phakathi kwezinye iimvavanyo zokuxilongwa ngomhlaza wesifuba:
- mammography - ubeka uhlobo, uhlobo, ubukhulu be-tumor;
- i-doktografiya - indlela yokumisela uhlobo lomdlavuza, ukubonisa ukuqaliswa kwe-agent ehlukileyo kwi-gland;
- I-ultrasound - inceda ukucacisa ubukhulu, ukuhlaziywa kwe-tumor;
- uphando lwe-cytological - luchaza uhlobo lwenkqubo ye-pathological, lunceda ukwenza i-algorithm echanekileyo yonyango;
- i-biopsy - uviwo lwakhe lwe-sampulu;
- ukutyunjwa kwecandelo lokuxilonga - lwenziwa phambi kobunzima obungabonakaliyo bokubumba okanye xa kungenakwenzeka ukucacisa uhlobo lwe-pathology ngezinye iindlela.
Unyango lomhlaza webele
Ukukhethwa kwonyango lwe-oncology kusekelwe eluhlobo, ukusabalalisa kwesi sifo, isigaba sayo, ubukho be-patcomogly concomitant. Ukunyanga isifo ezifana nomhlaza wesisu, unokusebenzisa:
- indlela yokugada;
- yonyango;
- chemotherapy;
- yonyango;
- immunotherapy.
Ngoko indlela yokugqirha isetyenziselwa ukungabikho komphumo wonyango olulondolozayo. Ukunyanga kwamayeza omhlaza wesisu kunceda ukunciphisa izinga lokukhula kwesisu. I-Chemotherapy yomhlaza wesifuba isetyenziswe njengendlela yokuphelisa i-foci yenkqubo yesifo. IHormonotherapy kunye ne-immunomodulators zinceda ukubuyisela umzimba kwizinto eziqhelekileyo kunye nokunciphisa kakhulu amathuba okubuya kwakhona.
Isifo seKesibindi - Isiqhelo
Xa isifo somhlaza wesifuba sifumaneka, ukuxhamla ngokuxhomekeka kuncike kakhulu kumgangatho wemfundo, isigaba senkqubo yesifo, iminyaka yesigulane, ubukho okanye ukungabikho kwezifo ezithintekayo. Amagqabantshintshi okuqala enyango aphezulu kakhulu kunyango (1 no-2). Kwiimeko ezidlulileyo kukho amathuba amakhulu okuphindaphinda, ukubunjwa kwe-foci entsha nangemva kokususwa ngokupheleleyo kwezinto ezikhoyo. Ngaloo ndlela, iminyaka eyishumi yokugxekwa ngokuqhubekayo kwiBakala 1 yi-98%, kwaye kwisigaba 4, kuphela i-10% yezigulane zihlala ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-10 emva kokuxilongwa. Ukongezelela kwinqanaba, ukubikezelwa kuyachaphazeleka:
- indawo yokutya;
- ubungakanani bemfundo;
- uhlobo lwezonyango lwezilwanyana.
Ukuthintela umdlavuza webele
Umhlaza wesifuba kubasetyhini unokuthintela ngokulandela iziphakamiso zamagqirha. Oogqirha bacebisa:
- Gwema iimeko ezixinzelelekileyo.
- Nciphise ubude bokuhlala ilanga ehlobo.
- Ukuphelisa ukulimala okunokwenzeka kweengcambu zamathambo.
- Ngaphantsi kweengubo, ibhondi , kufuneka kukhethwe ngokwezikhulu.
- Ukuyeka imikhwa emibi.
- Iindlela zeHormonal zokukhulelwa kwezilwanyana kunye nomzimba wesifo somzimba.
- Ukungabikho kokutya kokutya okunotyebileyo.
- Gwema ukunyanzelisa umzimba.
- Ukutyelela ugqirha ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka.