Ukuphazamiseka kokukhulelwa ngokwexesha elide kunokwenzeka kuphela kwiimeko ezizodwa. Inqweno yowesifazane ngexesha elifanayo ayikho inkcazo yokungenelela ngoncedo. Oogqirha bayesaba imiphumo emibi yokukhupha isisu, eyona nto iphambili yintsapho yokungabikho komntwana.
Ngaba ukukhipha isisu kwenziwe ngosuku olusemva?
Ukuphazamiseka kwesigxina kwisicelo somfazi singenziwa kwiinqanaba zokuqala zokukhula komntwana. Ixesha elifutshane lokupheliswa kokukhulelwa oluqaliswe ngumama iiveki eziyi-12. Ukukhipha isisu emva kwexesha elibizwa ngokuba yixesha elide kwaye lenziwa kuphela kwiimeko ezizodwa. Ukukhethwa kwindlela apho inkqubo yokukhulelwa iphazamiseka yenziwa ngokusekelwe kwithuba langoku, iminyaka yobufazi okhulelweyo kunye nemeko yempilo yakhe. Ngoko, emva kweeveki ezingama-20 zesigxina, oogqirha abazisebenzisi iindlela zobuqhophozi beklasi, kodwa benze ukuzalwa okuvelisayo.
Izimpawu zokukhipha isisu
Isigqibo sokuba kukho isidingo sokukhupha isisu emva komhla sithathwe yikomishoni yonyango. Oogqirha abangenayo (udokotela wesigqirha-gynecologist, oyingcali kwintsimi eyenza isidingo sokukhupha isisu (i-sociologist, abameli bamaziko karhulumente)) ziqwalasele iziphumo zoviwo lwezonyango, imeko zentlalo apho owesifazane okhulelwe. Isigqibo sokugqibela malunga nesidingo sokuphazamisa isisu emva kweveki ezili-12 sinokuthathwa ngesiseko se:
- izibonakaliso zonyango;
- lathiso loluntu.
Iinkcazo zonyango zokukhipha isisu
Olu hlobo lwesalathiso sokupheliswa kokukhulelwa emva komhla kuthathwa ingqalelo ekuqaleni. Kwiimeko ezininzi, zidibene nekhoko lowesifazane okhulelweyo enezifo ezinokumthintela ukuba ahambe ngokuqhelekileyo aze abelethe umntwana. Ukongezelela, ukukhupha isisu emva kwexesha kungaboniswa ngokuchonga ukungalunganga komntwana kunye neengxaki zokuphuhlisa, emva kokuzalwa, eziza kubangela ukukhubazeka komntwana okanye ukufa. Phakathi kwezibonakaliso ezinkulu zezokwelapha zokukhipha isisu emva kweveki ezili-12 zezi:
- izifo ezingqondweni nangokwenyama zowesifazane okhulelweyo;
- ubukho beentsholongwane zobunjwa be-chromosome ebusweni, obungahambelani nobomi;
- ukukhulelwa okukhenkce ;
- Izifo ezinzima zezikhulelwe (i-hematite, izifo zentsholongwane, isifo sofuba);
- ukuba kungenzeka ukufa komfazi oqhubela phambili kunye nophuhliso lokukhulelwa.
Izalathiso zentlalo ngokukhipha isisu
Izizathu zentlalo zokukhipha isisu ngokwemigaqo kamva zibangelwa kubukho bezinto ezinokuthi zibenze zibenzi ziimeko ezingaphezulu kwezinto eziphilayo ezikhuselekileyo zokubeleka okanye ezizayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oogqirha baqwalasela ezo zinto zentlalo ezenzeka ngokuthe ngqo ngexesha lokukhulelwa ngokwazo:
- ukufa komlingane;
- umtshato;
- ukubanjwa komnye wabazali bomntwana.
Ukongezelela, kukho iinkalo zentlalo ezinokuthi zithathelwe ingqalelo xa zigqiba ukukhupha isisu, kodwa ukufumaneka kwazo akusikho umqondiso oqinileyo wokuphazamiseka kwesigxina:
- ukungabikho kwezindlu;
- ubukho kwintsapho yabantwana abangaphezu kwe-3;
- Umama womama ozayo uneminyaka engaphantsi kwe-18.
Ukukhipha izisu kwenzeka ntoni emva komhla?
Izindlela zokukhipha isisu ngokugqithisileyo azifani nazo zisetyenziswe oogqirha kwiimigangatho zokuqala. Nangona kunjalo, ukuphazamiseka kokukhulelwa kwiipilisi zexesha elide akusebenzi. Ukukhethwa kweendlela ezenziwa yikomishoni yezokwelapha ngenxa yeziphumo zoviwo, ngokuqwalasela ixesha lokukhulelwa kunye neempawu zekhosi yayo. Ngamanye amacandelo aneempawu zayo, ubuchule abathile. Phakathi kweendlela ezisetyenziselwa ukuphazamisa ukukhulelwa, emva kweveki ezili-12 zisebenzisa:
- Ukulawulwa kwezixhobo zamanzi.
- Ukunyanzeliswa komlomo wesibeleko.
- Ukuzalwa komntwana .
- Icandelo elincinci lombutho.
Indlela yokuqaliswa kweengxube ze-intraamnial
Ukukhipha isisu ekukhulelweni kwexesha elide kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezisombululo ze hypertonic yindlela eqhelekileyo. Inkqubo yesenzo sendlela yokuphazamisa ukuxhatshazwa kwayo inxulumene nenguqu kumqulu we-amniotic fluid, uxinzelelo lwe-osmotic. Ngenxa yolu tshintsho, kukho ukwaziswa kwezakhiwo ze-muscular ze-uterus ngokunciphisa okulandelayo.
Ukwandisa ithoni yesibeleko kule meko, oogqirha banxulumana kunye nomphumo onobungozi wezinto eziqala ukuvela emva kokuba umntwana efile (ngenxa yempembelelo yesisombululo se hypertonic). Ukunyakaza okunamandla kwesivumelwano se-myometrium kukhokelela ekugxothweni komntwana ngaphandle, ngenxa yoko ukukhulelwa kuphazamiseke ngokupheleleyo. Ngendlela yayo, indlela iyafana nokupheliswa kweziyobisi ezikhutshwe ngeziyobisi, ezingasetyenziswanga kwimigaqo kamva. Emva kwenkqubo, oogqirha baqwalasela ngokucophelela i-uterine cavity ukuba bangabandakanyi ubukho beethambo zesisu.
Ukuxuba kunye nokukhutshwa
Ukukhulelwa kwesisu ekuhambeni kwexesha ukwenzela ukuba izizathu zonyango zivame ukuqhutywa yindlela yokuphucula nokukhutshwa. Ixesha elifanelekileyo lokukhipha isisu iiveki ezi-15 ukuya ku-18. Okokuqala, ugqirha wenza ukutsalwa kweengxube zomlomo wesibeleko somlomo, usebenzisa izixhobo zokuvuthwa ngokukwandiswa kancane kwe dilator.
Emva kokufumana ukufikelela kwinqanaba le-uterine, oogqirha benza i-dissection ye-fetal kunye nokutsalwa kweembrane ze-fetal. Ekupheleni kweli nqanaba, baqala ukukhutshwa - ukukhupha umtsalane uhlala ngaphandle ngaphandle ngoncedo lokutshatyalaliswa kwamandla. Ukususwa kwamanzi kunye ne-pre-dilatation kubonwa njengendlela elula yokukhipha isisu kumaxesha adlulileyo kwaye ikhuthazwa ngu-WHO njengenye indlela yokukhipha isisu.
Icandelo elincinci lombutho
Olu hlobo lokukhupha isisu ngokubhekiselele ekuhambeni kwexesha aluhambelani nolu hlobo oluqhelekileyo lokukhupha. Ukufikeleleka kumntwana kufakwe kwisilingo sangasemva sangasemva, apho emva koko isithelo sicatshulwa. Umsebenzi uwenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia jikelele. Le ndlela ayifumaneki ngokukhawuleza, kwiimeko zokuchaswa kwindlela echazwe ngasentla. Ngethuba lokusebenza, kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokulapha okungalawulwayo, ngoko isigqibo sokuyithatha sithathwa xa kukho ingozi ebomini yowesifazane ngokwakhe.
Indlela yokuhanjiswa kokufakelwa
Xa kukho isidingo sokuphumeza isisu emva komhla kamva, emva kweveki ezingama-20 , oogqirha bashintsha amaqhinga okunikezelwa kwempahla. Umntwana kulo mzekelo akaxoshwa kwi-uterine, kodwa iinkqubo ziqhutyelwa oko kubangelwa ukuxoshwa ngokuzimela ngaphandle. Ukuthetha malunga nendlela ukukhipha isisu kwenzeka ngayo ixesha elide ebomini, oogqirha basebenzisa igama elithi "ukuvuselela ukuhanjiswa kwangaphambili".
Ngexesha elide, ukukhipha isisu akuthiwa ukukhipha isisu ukusuka kwinqanaba leengqondo: umntwana ngalesi sihlandlo usenokuthiwa ngumntwana, kwaye umama ozayo usenalo uthando lomntwana. I-synthesized in hormones yayo yakha umqondo wokuba ngumama. Ukuzalwa okuvelisayo kuqala ngokuvuselela - bafaka i-prostaglandin emzimbeni, okwandisa ithoni ye-uterine musculature kwaye ibangele ukudibanisa. Ngenxa yoko, uhlanga luqala.
Ukukhutshwa emva kokupheliswa kokukhulelwa kwixesha elizayo
Ukukhipha isisu kuhlale kuyimpawu zomzimba, ukukhuseleka komzimba, ngoko kubalulekile ukujonga imeko yempilo yowesifazane. Inkqubo yokuzala idala indawo efanelekileyo ekuphuhliseni usulelo kunye nokuvuvukala. Njengombonakaliso wemeko yenkqubo yokuzala, ukukhutshwa emva kokukhipha isisu kuhlolwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ziyavela ngosuku lwesithathu emva kwenkqubo, ingaba nexabiso elincinci legazi, kodwa ungahambi. Ukutshintshwa kwezi parameters kunokubonisa intsholongwane. Ukutshatyalaliswa okwephuzi kunye nevumba lokubola kufanele kube isizathu sokudibana nogqirha.
Umkhuhlane omdaka owenzeka emva kokukhulelwa kokukhawuleza ungapheli iintsuku ezili-10. Kwezinye iimeko, abafazi banokubona ukubonakala kwamacwecwe egazi (ukunyumba kwenzeka phantsi kwefuthe lokushisa komzimba). Umthamo wezinto ezinjalo ziyimodareyitha, kwaye zona ngokwazo azihambelani neengxaki ezibuhlungu kwisisu esiswini okanye kwindawo yesini. Ukutshintshwa kweemfihlo kwi-brown emnyama kungabonisa iifolthi kwi-uterus.
Ukubuyiswa emva kokukhipha isisu kwixesha elizayo
Ubude bexesha lokubuyiselwa limiselwe yindlela yokupheliswa kokukhulelwa kunye nexesha apho lenziwa khona. Ukukhishwa kwezisu ngeendlela ezigqithisileyo kuboniswe ukuphathwa kakubi kunye nokuxinzelela komzimba. Ukuze ungabandakanyi izixazululo ezinokuqala, inkosikazi ilawulwa ngugqirha othethekileyo esibhedlele. Ngokubanzi, ukubuyiswa kokukhipha isisu kubandakanya:
- Ukuthintela ukulahleka kwegazi.
- Ukukhutshwa kweso sifo sokusuleleka (unyango lwe-antibiotics, iziyobisi ezichasayo).
- Ukuhlolwa kwee-intanethi kwenkqubo yokuzala isetyhini ukuba ingabandakanyi iimbumba zomntwana eziseleyo.
Iziphumo zokupheliswa kokukhulelwa ekupheleni kwexesha
Unomdla kumagqirha malunga nemiphumo enokwenzeka, abafazi bazama ukufumanisa ukuba kunokwenzeka yini ukukhupha isisu kwaye kuyingozi kangakanani le nkqubo. Izazi ze-Gynecologists zithetha ukuba le nkqubo ayifanelekanga - iingxaki kunye nemiphumo yokukhipha isisu kwangaphambili kungavela emva kweenyanga kunye neminyaka. Ukunikezelwa ngexesha lokuphuhliswa kwabo, oogqirha bahlula iimeko ezinokuthi:
- Ekuqaleni - kwenzeka ngexesha lokuphazamiseka kwinkqubo (ukuphazamiseka kwesisu, ukuphuma kwamanzi).
- Ukuchongwa - phuhliswa kwinyanga emva kokusebenza (endometritis, hematoma, ukuqhubela phambili kokukhulelwa).
- Ezikude- zivela emva konyaka nangomva (utshintsho olumatshini kwi-pharynx yangaphakathi, umlomo wesibeleko, umonakalo we-endometrium, ukuphulwa kokungahambi kakuhle kwee-tublopian tubes).