Inhlanganisela eyinkimbinkimbi yeprotheni kunye neyinyithi, eyenza iiseli ezibomvu zegazi - i-erythrocyte, ibizwa ngokuba yi-hemoglobin. Ukunciphisa ukuxinwa kwi-serum ye-biological fluid ibizwa ngokuba yi-anemia. Ukuze kulungiswe kakuhle le pathology, kubalulekile ukufumanisa ukuba kutheni egazini le hemoglobin eyancitshiswayo - izimbangela ziba zizifo ezincinane kunye nezibi kakhulu.
Kutheni i-hemoglobin iphantsi kwegazi?
Zonke iimeko ezinokubangela ingxaki ekucatshungulwayo zingabelana ngokwahlukileyo zibe ngamaqela amane:
- Ukutya okungafanelekanga kwezinto eziyimfuneko ekuveliseni i-hemoglobin;
- ukongezwa kwelahleko;
- ukuphulwa kwenkqubo kunye neendlela zokuqulunqwa kweprotheni kunye nezixhobo zesebe;
- izifo zofuzo.
Makhe siqwalasele ngamnye ngomnye iinkcukacha.
I-hémoglobin egazini iyancitshiswa ngenxa yokusilela kweeprotheni nentsimbi kunye nezizathu zengxaki
Iimeko ezichazwe kwicandelo lezonyango libizwa ngokuba yi-anemia ye-iron deficiency. Izinto eziphambili ezibangela ukuba zi:
- ukungabikho kwento yokulandelela ekudleni;
- imifuno;
- ukunciphisa ukutya kweprotheni, kokubili isilwanyana kunye nemifuno;
- ukubambelela kwizidlo eziqinileyo;
- bulimia;
- ukususwa kwe-duodenum;
- i-anorexia ;
- ubukho beepasisiti emzimbeni;
- ukuthengiswa kweembilini.
Ukongezelela, izizathu zokunciphisa i-hemoglobin kubasetyhini zidla ngokudibanisa neenguqu kwi-hormonal balance, ingakumbi ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunye nexesha lokuncelisa. Oku kukubangelwa ukwanda kweemfuno kunye nokusetyenziswa kwesinyithi emzimbeni. Njengomthetho, i-anemia enjalo iyadlula yodwa emva kokumiselwa kokubuyiswa kwakhona kwe-microelement.
Umthamo we-hemoglobin uyancitshiswa ngenxa yokulahleka kwegazi
Izinto ezikhokelela ekunciphiseni kwindleko yeprotheni-protein isakhi:
- ukuphuma kwegazi langaphandle;
- ukwanda kwe-hemolysis yamaseli egazi;
- mnikelo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, izizathu ezinjalo azibonwanga njengophulaphulo olunzulu kwaye i-anemia ayifumaneki. Emva kokubuyiselwa kwegazi elaneleyo kunye namaseli obomvu kuwo, inani le-hemoglobin liqheleke kwakhona.
Kutheni ukuveliswa kwe-hemoglobin egazini kuncitshiswa?
Indlela yokwakhiwa kwendidi ephantsi kwengqalelo ixhomekeke ekusebenzeni okuchanekileyo kweenkqubo ezininzi kunye namalungu. Izizathu zingaba ngolu hlobo:
- ukwanda kwe-calcium (eli nqaku livimbela ukuveliswa kwe-hemoglobin);
- zonakalise ukutyathwa kwezondlo kumathumbu;
- izifo zentsholongwane-zintsholongwane okanye izifo ezithathelwanayo, kuquka iifom ezingapheliyo;
- uxinzelelo;
- utyhefu kunye nezixhobo zokuhamba.
Iimbangela ze-Genetic zokunciphisa i-hemoglobin egazini
I-pathology isoloko ikhupha izifo ezinjalo, ezithunyelwa ngelifa:
- ovalocytosis;
- thalassemia;
- ubusuku bombuso we-hemoglobinuria;
- microspherocytosis;
- mazinyo;
- hemoglobin engaqinisekanga.
Ngaphezu koko, izizathu zokuzalwa ziquka:
- i-anemia yegciwane-iseli;
- izifo zomzimba kunye nezifo;
- i-collagenosis;
- i-hemolytic, i-aplastic anemia;
- hemophilia;
- izifo ezibulalayo zegazi.
Kunokuba i-hemoglobin ehlaselayo isongelayo?
Imiphumo ye-anemia ithintela umsebenzi wezo zonke izitho kunye neenkqubo. Okokuqala, ukugaya kunye ne-hormonal balance is disturbed, kwaye kwaphazamisa kakhulu imbonakalo (isikhumba siphendukile, izinwele ziyawa, izipikili ziphosakele kwaye ziphazamiseke). Emva koko izifo ezinzulu ziyakhula:
- utshintsho kwimizimba yengqondo;
- izifo zenhliziyo ;
- ukunyuka okunamandla kwixinzelelo lwegazi;
- ukuphulwa komnatha, ukuchukumisa kunye nenkohlakalo;
- ukungonakaliswa kokuhlanganiswa kwendawo;
- isifo sesifo kwiindawo ezahlukahlukeneyo zomzimba, ukuxinwa.