Ukuze ukwandise isivuno sotamatayi, kucetyiswa ukuqhuba i-pasynkovanie. Ekuboneni kokuqala, inkqubo ibonakala ilula, kodwa eqinisweni inemibala emininzi, ngoko ke abaqalayo bafumana iingxaki ngokuyiqala. Kule nto kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba ungayifaka njani itekisi kwi-greenhouse, ukuze ungangonakalisi isityalo.
Ngaba kuyimfuneko ukunyanzelisa utamatisi kwi-greenhouse?
Okokuqala, kufuneka kukhonjiswe ukuba inkqubo eyenziweyo ibandakanya ukucima amahlumela aphantsi. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba akuyiyo amaqabunga afunekayo ukuba anqunywe, kodwa abantwana abathandanayo, bekhula kwiimfesane kwaye bekhulile bekhuphela ngokupheleleyo isityalo esikhulu. Abalimi abaninzi beelori abanomdla banomdla wokuba bangene kwiitamatati kwi-greenhouse okanye le nkqubo inyanzelekile nayiphi na indlela yokulima, ngoko ke iingcali zincoma ukuba ususe iinxalenye ezingadingekile ukuze ufumane isityalo esilungileyo nesiphezulu.
Ngokuziphatha kwe-pasynkovaniya kunokumisa ukukhula okugqithisileyo kwehlathi. Xa isityalo sinezinto eziluhlaza, sitshisa kakhulu umthamo kunye nezondlo eziyimfuneko ekukhuleni. Ngenxa yoko, ubungakanani babo abaneleyo ukuba benze kwaye bavuthwe isivuno esicebileyo. Ukuba ususa amahlumela e-axillary, ngoko isityalo siya kuba nakho ukubeka yonke imizamo yayo kwimveliso.
Nini ukuqala i-pasynkovat utamatisi kwi-greenhouse?
Enye yemibuzo eqhelekileyo ngokuphathelele kwesi sihloko. Abalimi abanolwazi baphendula ngokukhawuleza - xa ubona ukuba amanyathelo amanyathelo abunjwa, uze uphule. Ngokwesiko, ukususwa kwenziwa emva kokuba amaqabunga ama-7-8 abadala asekwe kwisityalo. Imfundo engaphezulu yamanyathelo athatyathwa ngethuba xa kuvela iintyatyambo zokuqala.
Ukufumanisa xa kuyimfuneko ukunyanzelisa utamatisi kwi-greenhouse, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ixesha elifanelekileyo le nkqubo liyakusasa, kodwa oku kubangelwa ukuba ngeli xesha baqhekeza okulula. Ukongezelela, kuba umhla owenziwe yilonda iya kuqhubeka. Abalimi abanolwazi bancoma ukuba benze i-pasynkovanie kunye nexesha elide leentsuku ezingama-7-10. Kubalulekile ukuba ungavumeli ukukhula kwama-axilary kususa ngaphezu kwe-5 cm.
Yiliphi ixesha lokuqala lokuzondeza iitato kwi-greenhouse?
Qala ukususa iinkqubo ze-axillary zinconywa emva kokubunjwa kwe-stepon yokuqala ngaphantsi kwebhokisi lembali. Qinisekisa ukuba ayikhulanga ixesha elingaphezulu kwe-5 cm, kuba iya kuthatha ezininzi izondlo. Ukubunjwa kweetamatato kwi-greenhouse kuyinconywa kwimozulu esomileyo. Qala ngeentsimbi eziqinileyo, kwaye izityalo ezibuthathaka kufuneka zishiywe ekugqibeleni.
Ungayichitha njani ukukhawuleza kwi-greenhouse?
Ngenxa yokususwa kweenkqubo ze-axillary, ixesha lokuzala kunye nokunyuka kwamavuno. I-Pasynkovanie itamatato kwi-greenhouse ineziganeko zayo, ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe:
- Ukususwa kweenkqubo kwiindawo ezifihliweyo ziqhelekileyo ngaphezu kweendawo ezivulekileyo.
- Kwiibakala eziphakathi kunye eziphezulu, kuyimfuneko ukususa ngokupheleleyo amahlumela.
- Ulunge kunokuba amanyathelo awanqunywanga, kodwa aphule ngezandla zawo, ehlala egqoke iiglavu.
- Kubalulekile ukususa ihlumela ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kokushiya i-stumps, njengoko iqala ukubola, okanye iqhubeke ikhula.
Ukuqaphela indlela yokunyanzelisa iitamatisi kwindawo yokuthambisa, kufuneka ucacise iindlela ezintathu zokwenza isiqithi:
- Kwesinye isiqu. Nciphisa onke amanqanaba kwaye "amawele" atholakala xa isitshixo sifunyiwe, kwaye zonke i-peduncles zigcinwa.
- Kwimiba emibini. Kule meko, ukongeza kwisigxina esinqununu, inqanaba lokuqala, eliya phambili, alinakuchukunyiswa. Ngaphantsi kwebrashi yokuqala.
- Kwizinto ezintathu. Xa kutyalwa isiqithi, isiqu, isigaba sokuqala nesibini, esinokuthi senziwe ngaphantsi kweyokuqala, sishiywa.
Indlela yokwenza utamatisi ophezulu kwi-greenhouse?
Iintlobo zeetamatato ezide zibizwa ngokuba yi- indeterminate kwaye zifanelekile ukukhula kwindawo yokugcina i-greenhouse. Zinomnye umgangatho - amahlumela ahlala ekhula kwaye amahlathi ayenyuka ngobukhulu. Kukho inani leengcebiso malunga nendlela yokunyanzelisa iitamatati ezide kwi-greenhouse:
- Ukufumana isivuno esinobutyebi, kubalulekile ukunciphisa ukukhula kancinci ukuya phezulu. Ukwenza enye okanye ezimbini ziba ngcono. Inketho yesibini isetyenziselwa kuphela xa uhlwayelwa izityalo ngexesha eli-0.5 m.
- Ukufumanisa indlela yokunyanzelisa utamatisi kwi-greenhouse, kukufanelekile ukukhomba malunga nesidingo sokususa zonke iinkqubo ze-axillary.
- Njengoko kukhula kucetyiswa ukuba kuqhekeza amaqabunga aphantsi, anokuchaphazela ngokufanelekileyo isivuno.
Ungayifaka njani iitamatisi ezinqabileyo kwi-greenhouse?
Ezi ntlobo zetamatati zibizwa ngokuba ziziqulathe kwaye zineenkcukacha ezibonakalayo ekusebenzeni i-pasynkovaniya kwi-greenhouse:
- Kwiintlobo zentampu isanti esomeleleyo esomeleleyo kunye nenkqubo yokususa iinkqubo ze-axillary abayifuniyo. Oku kubangelwa ukuba iziqhamo kubo zivuthwe ngokukhawuleza kunokuba isiqithi sinexesha lokukhula.
- Kwimiyalelo yendlela yokwenza utamatisi ophantsi okhulayo, kuboniswa ukuba baqothulwe ukwenzela ukuba iziqu ezimbini okanye ezintathu zihlala. Ukwenza oku, emva kokuba ufikelele ekuphakameni othile, susa ukudubula okuphezulu ukusuka kwindawo yokukhula okukuyo.
- Kwimigangatho ehamba phambili, i-2-3 yezona ziqineleyo zikhethiweyo, kwaye ezinye zisuswe. Kanye emva kweentsuku ezili-10, zonke iinkqubo zecala ziyacinywa.
- Abagadi beligadi bacebisa ukuba balawule inani leentyatyambo zeentyantyambo, ngenxa yokuba ukuvuthwa kubakho amaxesha ama-5-7.
Ukuzalisa utamatisi we-cherry kwi-greenhouse
Kungekudala, utamatisi amancinane athandwa kakhulu kwaye ukufumana isivuno esinobutyebi kubalulekile ukufeza. Qaphela ukuba i- cherry ifanelekile ukunika iinkqubo ezininzi ze-axillary. Kukho iinombolo ezikhethekileyo malunga nendlela yokwenza i-cherry tomate i-cherry ku-greenhouse:
- Kwiintlobo eziphakamileyo ze-cherry ("Busiki", "i-White Currant" kunye nabanye), amagatsha aphantsi atyalwe ukwenzela ukuba ihlathi lingena emifini.
- Iindidi ezikhulile ("Balcony Wonder", "Liza", "Kira" kunye nabanye) abayizintombi.
- Ukuba unomdla wendlela yokwenza iitamatisi ezibalulekayo kwi-greenhouse, ke kufuneka uqaphele ukuba iintlobo ezinjalo azifani neentlobo ezide okanye ezikhulayo, ngoko sebenzisa imigaqo ekhankanywe ngaphambili.
Utamatisi ezingadingi i-pasynkovaniya kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo
Utamatisi ezingafuneki ukususwa kweenkqubo ze-axillary, okanye ngaphantsi, okanye nge-hybrid. Iintlobo zentamatato ngaphandle kwe-pasynkovaniya kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo zilungele ukuqala kwimiyezo yokulima. Iintlobo ezithandwa kakhulu ezinokuthi zikhule ngaphandle kokususa ama-stepson zi:
- "Nevsky" . Iintlobo zokuqala, eziza kukhula emva kweentsuku ezingama-60-65 emva kokutshala imbewu. Iziqhamo zihlala zenziwe ngokuthe ngqo kwi-stem.
- "IGnome . " Ukuphakama kwamahlathi akudluli kwi-40-55 cm. Iziqhamo zezi ntlobo zibukhulu obukhulu.
- I-Red Red Riding Hood . Iintlobo ezikhulayo eziphantsi, ezinezihlahla ezinamandla neziqhamo ezinomzimba.
- "Iminwe kaDina . " Iintlobo ezide, ezingena ngaphandle kwe-pasynkovaniya zenza iintlobo eziphantsi, ezibonakaliswe ngokuzala nokuvelisa.