Iyona ntsizi engummangaliso kolchicum (okanye colchicum) ivela kwiMeditera. Igama laso lesibili lithetha "uColchis" - indawo e-Western Georgia, apho kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezi zityalo. Ngoku inkcubeko ingakhula kuzo zonke iindawo ezinommozulu wezulu.
Colchicum - inkcazelo
Isityalo esinomsoco esingapheli sibhekiswa njengentsapho yeliyo. Zonke iindawo zalo, ngakumbi iingcambu - zinetyhefu. Kwindlela yokwenziwa kweekhemikhali yomsinga, amaqabunga, imbewu, kukho i-resins, i-alkaloids, i-tannins, ishukela kunye neep lipids. I-Cesspool isetyenziswe ngokusetyenzwa kwiiyeza zendoda njenge-anesthetic ye-radiculitis, i-rheumatism, i-arthritis, i-antiemetic, i-diuretic ne-laxative. It isetyenziswe njengama-tinctures namafutha. Egadi, intyatyambo iyathandwa ngenxa yokungathobeki kwayo kunye nokuzilungisa.
Yintoni ebonakala ngathi i-cesspool?
UColchicum unamaqela amaninzi aphakamileyo angama-10-50 cm aphakamileyo. Iingcambu zesityalo ziqhothoza i-corm, i-3-5 cm ubude, ihlanganiswe ngumbumba omnyama omnyama. UColchicum colchicum uvelisa ubunqunu, obunqunu, obunemibhobho, obunxubileyo kunye neentyantyambo ezinkulu ngokuphakama kwama-20-25 cm. Banemibala eyahlukileyo - ukusuka kumhlophe ukuya kwi-violet. Ubunzima kumyinge unikeza iintyatyambo ze-3-4.
Ixesha le-colchicum liqhakaza nini?
Isityalo safumana igama layo kwisigqi esikhethekileyo sokuphuhliswa. Ngentwasahlobo, amaqabunga kuphela akhula kuye, kwiimvula ze-colchicum zidlula ekwindla ukususela ngo-Oktobha ukuya kwikhephu lokuqala. Inkqubo iphela malunga neenyanga. Ngeli xesha, iintyatyambo ziphosa iinyosi, i-petals iyabuna, kunye namaqanda ebusika phantsi kwekhephu. Ezinye iintlobo zezityalo ziyaqhakaza entwasahlobo, kodwa aziqhelekanga.
Uhlobo lweentlobo colchicum - ngexesha lokupheliswa kwe-corollas, alinamagqabi. Iziqhamo ziyi-capsule ye-globular oval eneentlanzi ezintathu, zivele zivele entwasahlobo ezayo, ngokukhawuleza emva kwekhephu lokugqibela. Imbewu ivuthwe ngoMeyi-Juni. Emva kokugcina kwabo, inxalenye yomhlaba yesityalo iyafa ngokupheleleyo, kwaye i-bulb "iyalala" de kube sekupheleni kwehlobo, kude kube yilapho ifuna ukulahla intyatyambo.
Iintlobo zabemi-co-settlers
I-colchicum iqukethe iintlobo ezingaphezu kwezingama-70, ezahlukileyo phakathi komnye kunye nexesha lokuvuna kunye nokuhluma. Kwabaninzi babo basebenzisa amagama ahlukeneyo - i-crocus autumnal, i-safari ye-meadow, ibhinqa elihambayo. Zihlukaniswe ngekwindla nangentwasahlobo. Phakathi kweentlobo zeentlobo kwiindidi zihlakulwa iintlobo ezidumileyo:
- I-Colchicum ephezulu - iindidi ezininzi, ezifikelela kwisayizi ye-30 cm, iiflethi zamagqabi zinomphetho we-wavy. Iintyatyambo zakhe zi-pinkish-purple, zivela ngoSeptemba. Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zineendlela ezininzi zegadi - umhlophe, omnyama obomvu, mahr, omkhulu.
- UColchicum ujabule (okanye ukhanyisa) - ekwindla ngexesha lokukhawulela isayithi libukeka njengendawo ebalabalayo. Ama-bulbs ayo akhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye adale imichilo encinane ye-corollas enombala ebomvu ukuya kwi-7 cm ububanzi kunye ne-rosette ene-magnolia. Isici esicacileyo sexesha elingapheliyo liyakwazi ukuvula amaqabunga ebusika ngexesha lobusika. Uthobekile kwaye uyathandwa ngabavelisi beentyatyambo.
- I-Colchic Ankara isityalo santwasahlobo. Ukuhlawula kunye namahlamvu avela kuye ngoFebruwari-Matshi. Unamaqabunga amathathu amancinci kunye neentyantyambo ezi-2-4 ezibomvu-ezipinki, ezenziwa ngo-Ephreli.
- I-Cedarberry i-Byzantine - isityalo sinamapalini amakhulu, ii-rosettes zihlotshiswe ngamagqabi amathintelo. Iintyatyambo zayo zinkulu, kunye nesakhiwo esiqhaqhakazileyo, isithandwa-lilac. Enye ibhubhu inokukhupha ukuya kuma-buds angama-20. Iindidi zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukusika.
UColchicum kunye nokulima
Ukuhlakulela i-cesspool kulula, ukukhula kunye noongikazi kungabangeli iingxaki. Uthobekile, ukhula kuyo nayiphi na umhlaba, ngokukhawuleza ukhula umhlaba ocolileyo, ocolileyo, olungele ukufuma kunye nomoya. UColchicum uzivale, zombini elangeni nase-penumbra. Isityalo sehlobo sinexinezelekile, amaqabunga ayesabi - ama-bulbs avela emhlabathini ayengasuswa ebusika. Iintlobo zeTerry kunye ezimhlophe kwiqhwa kufuneka zifakwe ngamagqabi awele.
Colchicum - landing
Faka kwi-colchicum ngo-Agasti, xa utyalo isityalo siphumelele, kuba sisesimo sokuphumla. Ukulima, iibhubhu zithathwa, zifakwa emhlabathini kunye ne-20 cm phakathi kweempempe. Ubunzulu bokuhlaselwa kwezilimo ezinobunzima buxhomekeke kubukhulu bayo kwaye buhluka ukusuka kwi-8 ukuya kwi-20 cm. Ngexesha elifanayo, umhlaba kufuneka udityaniswe - yenza 1 tbsp. l. i-superphosphate kunye nelitha le-ash nge-1 meter square plot. Ehlabathini ngaphambi kokutyala phantsi kokumba ibhakethi ye-humus kunye neelitha ezingama-5 zesihlabathi nge-1 sq.m.
Iifomethri zenza kube lula ukwenza amaqabunga aqinileyo kwaye zondla izilimo eziyizigaxa ezinezondlo. I-Bloomberries ukusuka kwiibhubhu ziyaqhakaza emva kweeveki ezi-6. Ukufakela i-tuber emhlabeni, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba ityhubhu yakhe ende ibheka phantsi komhlaba-ke ihluma ikhula kuyo. Kwiminyaka elandelayo, entwasahlobo nasekwindla, ngelixa iziqu zenkcubeko zikhula ngokukhawuleza, isityalo sondla nge-nitrogen compounds. Izichumisi ezinzima kwixabiso lezigidi ezingama-30 zinegalelo kwi-1 yemitha yesalathisi yesalathisi.
Nini ukutshintsha i-colchicum?
Isityalo sikhula ixesha elide kwaye sihlala kwindawo enye-emihlanu okanye emithandathu. Emva koko kufuneka ukutshintshwa, abagadi begadi abanamava bacebisa ukuba kwenziwe yonke iminyaka 2-3. Ngaphandle koko, ii-bulbs zikhula ngokukhawuleza, ziba zininzi kakhulu, izilimo eziyizigaxa emhlabeni ziya kuncipha. Ngenxa yoko, iintyatyambo zesityalo zikhula zincinci okanye zinyamalale ngokupheleleyo. Ngako oko, ama-bulb endala angcono ukumba ngokugqibeleleyo, ukwahlula kwintombi kunye nama-maternal bulbs (ezi zilandelayo zilungele ukuhluma). Iibhubhu ezincinci zifanelekile ukuhla.
Xa ufuna ukutsala imisedare?
IColchicum iveliswa ngokukhawuleza yintombi ye-tubers. Bobabini ukutyumba kunye nokutshintshwa kwenkcubeko kuyimfuneko ngo-Agasti, ngelixa isityalo sinexesha lokuphumla. Kodwa kufuneka udibanise i-corms kwangaphambili. Ukukhutshwa kwe-cesspool, ukunakekelwa kunye nokulima kuthethwa ngethuba lokuphuhlisa izityalo. Bamba ama-bulbs ekuqaleni kwe-vegetative rest. Oku kwenzeka phakathi kwehlobo emva kokufa kwesahluko somhlaba, ngaphambi kokubunjwa kweentyantyambo - emva kokuba amaqabunga aphendulele kwaye awele emhlabathini (phakathi kwinyanga okanye ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi). Emva kokuhlukana kwama-tubers amancinci atyalwe emhlabathini.
Colchicum - ukuvelisa
Ukusabalalisa i-colchicum ingaba imbewu kunye nentombi ye-bulbs. Kwimeko yokuqala, iintyatyambo ziyafumaneka kuphela emva kweminyaka emi-5-7, indlela yesibini-eyona eqhelekileyo. Colchicum - 2 iindlela eziphambili zokuvelisa:
- Imbewu. Imbewu yeentyatyambo iyavuthwa phakathi kwehlobo. Zixutywe ixesha elifutshane emanzini kwaye zityalwe kwindawo engahlambulukanga, enomanzi, ekhulile ngoJulayi. Iigrisi ziya kubonakala kuphela ngonyaka ozayo. Kulula ukuzinakekela - izihluma ezincinci, amanzi xa kunyanzelekile, ncothula ukhula kwaye ugubungele amaqabunga ebusika.
- Tubers. Phakathi koJulayi, xa lixesha lokutshala i-colchicum, izilimo eziyizigaxa ezindala zisuswe kwaye abantwana babo baxhomekeke kubo. Ama-bulbs ahlala kwindawo engama-30-35 cm, kufuneka ahlanjwe ngokucophelela. Iibhubhu zisuswe emhlabeni, i-tube-shoot is cut short short. Emva koko, bahlanjululwa, bahlukaniswe, bagcinwe isigxina seyure kwisisombululo se-permanganate ye potassium. Emva koko umile kwaye ugcine kwindawo eyomileyo ngaphambi kokuhla (malunga neentsuku ezingama-2-3) kwi-24 ° C. Phakathi no-Agasti, ii-bulbs zityalwe kwi-substrate ezifakwe izichumisi.
Ukunakekelwa kweColchicum
IColchicum ithathwa njengesityalo esingenakuthobeka, ukunyamekela kuyimfuneko. Ukutyiliswa akufunwa, ukuhlengahlengiswa kuveliswa ngexesha lokufuma, ukuba ngeli xesha kwisitalato yomsomileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, isityalo sinemvula eyaneleyo yenkcubeko - inkcubeko ayithandi ukunyuka kwamanzi, njengoko iibhubhu ziqala ukubola. Okunye oku kuquka ukukhutshwa kokhula kunye nesigqubuthelo semifanekiso encinane ebusika kunye namahlamvu asomileyo, i-lapnik, i-peat crumbs.
UColchicum uvame ukuchaphazeleka ngama- slugs kunye neemiski ezitya amaqabunga amakhulu amnandi kwisityalo. Ukuthintela ukukhusela ngexesha elifanelekileyo lomhlaba, ukulinganisa ukunkcenkceshela. Isikhundla sinokufafazwa ngamacwecwe, ama-seashells, ama-eggshells. Ngokubonakala kobulali bezinambuzane ezingenabhubhane, i-fungicides Topaz, iqhawe, i-Kuproksat iya kugcinwa. Iindawo ezichaphazelekayo ezincinci zityalo kufuneka zinqunywe.