Iindonga zendlu yaseVatican yizona zizakhiwo ezinkulu zehlabathi. Iquka: iNtsika yezoPostile, iNtendelezo yaseBelvedere , iSistine Chapel , iLathala leVatican , iMyuziyamu, ii-chapel, iiofisi zamaKatolika. Iindonga zendlu yaseVatican azikho isakhiwo esinye, kodwa isakhiwo esakhiwa kunye nezakhiwo ezimela umfanekiso wesigxina esingaqhelekanga.
Iholide yezoPostile
Ababhali-mlando kuze kube yimini abazange bafike kwisigqibo esingaqondakali malunga nomhla wokuqala kokwakhiwa kweNdlunkulu yezoPostile. Abanye ababhali beembali-mlando bacinga ukuba imihla yokulawula kukaConstantine Omkhulu ibe yindawo yesikhokelo yesikhashana, kanti ezinye zihamba ngokuhambelana nokuhlala kwabapostile ngamaxesha kaSimma (inkulungwane yesibini ye-6). Kucaciswa ukuba ngexesha elithile iNtendelezo yabapostile yayingenanto, kodwa emva kokuthunjwa kukaAvignon, iipapa zaseVatican kwakhona zaba "indlu" yamapapapa.
Ngenkulungwane ye-XV, uPapa uNiclas V ucebise ukwakhiwa kwebhola elitsha. Abacwangcisi kunye nabakhi baqalisa ukuhlaziywa kwephiko elingasenyakatho, ngaphandle kokutshabalalisa izindonga ezindala. Esi sakhiwo kamva sasiquka izibonda zikaRafayeli kunye neendawo zaseBorgia.
Ngaphantsi kwesithintelo kwatshintsha ii-2 phantsi kwinqaba yomkhosi, kamva ibizwa ngokuthi "Nikkolina", tk. Kwexesha elithile i-chapel yayiyintente yaBantu baseDominican, umculi uFra Beato Angelico, wakhenketwa isahlulo kunye nomfundi weBozotsoli. Iindonga ezintathu ze-chapel zilandisa ngeendaba ezivela ebomini benceba uLornzo noStefan, udonga lwesine lwaba sesibingelelo.
Ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-15, uPapa uAlexander VI uBorgia wamema umculi uPinturicchio ukupenda amakamelo akhe ahlala kwiiholo ezithandathu. Iindibano zihambelana nemibono yemizobo-IHolo leSigraments of Faith, iSibyl Hall, iiHolo zeSayensi nobuGcisa, iHolo loBomi beZiNgcwele, iHolo leMfihlelo kunye neHolo yamaPapa. Ngaphantsi kwePapa uJulius II, ngokwakhiwa kweembali, iindawo zasezindlwini zaseVatican naseBelvedere zahlanganiswa, kunye nomsebenzi kaMichelangelo Buonarroti kunye noRafael Santi obalaseleyo odweliswe kwipayili, umakhi weprojekthi nguDonato Bramante.
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Belvedere Palace
KwiNdwendwe yaseBelvedere, kukho iMyuziyam yase-Pia-Clementa , enezindlu ezininzi zemifanekiso yamandulo yamaGrike namaRoma. Iimyuziyam zikhokelwa ngamabhodlela amabini: ijikelezileyo eneembono zeParori kunye ne-quadrangular, apho i-torso ye-Hercules ikhupha. I-lobby lobungqingili ineHolo leMeleager, elimele umfanekiso onalo mzingeli. Ukusuka apha ungangena egcekeni elingaphakathi. Egcekeni leNdwendwe yaseBelvedere, uPapa uJulius II wafake iqela lezinto eziqoshiwe "Laocoon" kunye nomfanekiso ka-Apollo, kwaye kungekudala ezinye izinto ezifunyenwe ngophando lwezinto zakudala zanikwa zona, zenza i-Vatican Museums.
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Sistine Chapel
I-Sistine Chapel-mhlawumbi i-chapel edume kakhulu kwihlabathi-iparele yeVatican. Ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo akuyi kubangela umdla, kodwa ukuhlobisa kwangaphakathi kuya kumangaliswa neefrescoes zeengcali ze-Renaissance. Iqonga libizwa ngokuba nguPapa waseRoma uSixtus IV, phantsi kolawulo olwenziwa kuyo umsebenzi wokwakhiwa kwakhona nokuhlobisa isakhiwo ukususela ngo-1477 ukuya ku-1482. Kuze kube namhlanje, kukho umgqomo (intlanganiso yamakhadidi okukhetha upapa omtsha).
I-Sistine Chapel iqulethwe ngamathathu, ehlanganiswe ngesigxina se-cylindrical. Kwimacala amabini isahlulo sahlula ngodonga lweemabula kunye ne-bas-reliefs, elalisebenza uGiovanni Dolmato, uMino da Fiesole no-Andrea Breno.
Iindonga zecala ziyahlula zibe zintathu zintathu: umgca ophantsi uhlotshiswe ngeemfumba neengubo zePapa zeengalo, ezenziwe ngegolide nesilivere; ngaphaya komgca ophakathi, abaculi basebenze: iBotelli, uCosimo Rosselli, iGirlandaio, u-Perugino, owasifaka kwiimpawu ezivela kubomi bukaKristu noMoses. Kodwa ke imisebenzi enkulu kakhulu yobugcisa yimizobo yelitye kunye neendonga, ezenziwe ngumdwebi uMichelangelo. Iifrescoes zelityela zibonisa iziganeko ezingu-9 zeTestamente Elidala - ukususela ekudalweni kwehlabathi ukuya ekuwa. Kulo donga ngaphezu kwesibingelelo sesahlulo kukho umcimbi woMgwebo Wokugqibela, owona, ngexesha leemithendeleko ezibalulekileyo, uhlotshiswe ngamathitterri okwenziwe ngo-Raphael's sketches.
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IVatican Apostolic Library
ILathala yaseVatican idume ngokuqokelela kwayo iityebi ezivela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Ilayibrari yasungulwa nguPapa uNiclas V kwikhulu le-15 leminyaka. Ukuqokelelwa kwelayibrari kuhlaziywa rhoqo, ngoku i-fund yayo ibandakanya imiyalezo engama-150 eyi-1.6 yezigidi eziprintiweyo, i-incunabula eziyi-8.3 zamawaka, iinguqu ezingaphezu kwe-100 zeemifanekiso kunye neemephu, iimali zemali ezingama-300 kunye neemali.
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Ndingafika njani?
Ungafikelela kwiindonga ngeendlela ezimbini:
- Ukusuka kwisikhululo seCotini, thabatha iMetroro (ebomvu) e-Ottaviano-SPietro okanye iProro-Musei Vaticani.
- ibhasi inombolo 64, 40, 60, 62.