Ukwazi ukubopha ukhukhamba kwindawo evulekileyo ukuze bafumane ilanga elininzi ngangokunokwenzeka, unako ukwandisa ngokukodwa ubungakanani besityalo, kodwa ukwandisa umgangatho walo. Ukubaluleka kwamagaraji ekhukhamba akungathandabuzeki, kodwa kuyimfuneko yokwenza ngokuchanekileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Kutheni ufuna ikhukhamba kwi-evulekile?
Iingcambu zomhlaba ziyakwazi ukufikelela ubude beemitha ezimbini, apho kukho iintlobo, ezinokukwazi ukubambelela. Ngoko ke, xa uphendula umbuzo wokuba unamathele ukhukhamba, imvelo ngokwayo isitshela ukuba kuyimfuneko ukwenza oku. Kukho ezinye izizathu ezisikhokelela kwesi sigqibo:
- ukukhonkxa ukhukhamba ukuphonsa imivimbo emide eyenza igavi elikhulu;
- ukukhula kwezityalo ezithe zitsholongwane xa zitheleleke zizifo zentsholongwane nezifayo, ziphosa amahlumela amancinci, zigcine ziphilile;
- izityalo ezibophelelweyo zinamandla, amaqabunga anamandla, iziqhamo zinkulu;
- ikhukhamba, ihlawulela ngokuzenzekelayo, ithatha indawo encinane;
- Ukuqokelela kweziqhamo kulula, kubonakala ngokucacileyo, abalala phantsi.
Xa ufuna ukubopha ukhukhamba?
Xa uhlakulela ukhukhamba, yenza yonke imilinganiselo ye-agrotechnical ngexesha elifanelekileyo, phawula ukuba umzuzu omhle xa ufuna ukubopha ukhukhamba yiyonto yesithathu okanye yesine emva kokutyala, ngeli xesha isihlahla sekhukhamba sifinyelela ngamasentimitha angamashumi amathathu ubude kwaye amaqabunga angama-4-5 avela kuyo. Ngaphambili kwangethuba, isityalo asiyidingi i-garter, kodwa kamva ukusebenza kwi-garter inomngcipheko wokulimaza isiqhamo sesityalo, ngoko kuya kufuneka ukuba uyenze ngokucophelela.
Indlela yokubophelela kakuhle ikhukhamba kwintsimi?
Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokudibanisa ukhukhamba kwindawo evulekile, zonke zijoliswe ukwenza izityalo zifumane ukukhanya kwelanga, musa ukubophelana kunye ne-antennae kwaye ungangeni phakathi kweengcambu ezinokuchaphazeleka kalula ngongoma. Emva kokuba ufunde indlela yokubophelela ngokufanelekileyo ukhukhamba kwindawo evulekile, uza kunceda izityalo ukuba zenzeke ngokukhawuleza iintlobo zeentyatyambo zentombi ezikuzo, ngelixa ziphucula impova kunye nokwandisa isivuno. I-Garter yenziwa ngeendlela ezilandelayo:
- ecacileyo;
- engqalileyo;
- hybrid.
I-garter i-cucumber ephahleni
Indlela yokubamba iqhosha, iyona elula kakhulu kuba kwindawo encinci kunokwenzeka ukubeka iikompu ezimashumi amabini. Ngale ndlela, inkxaso isetyenziswe, ukucwangciswa kwe-Π ibe nemitha engama-2-3 ubude, kunye nezibophelelo eziqhotyoshelwe kumgca ogciniweyo okanye ucingo, iintambo. Ngaphambi kokuba ubophe ikhukhamba ensimini, qiniseka ukuba isityalo ngasinye siya kuba nentambo eyahlukeneyo, ukuze iintlobo zehlathi zixhase ngokwabo, oku kuya kunceda kakhulu ukukhupha iikomkom kunye nokunyamekela.
Ungayibopha njani ukhukhamba?
Ufumene umgadi wegadi, ucebisa malunga nendlela engcono yokubopha ukhukhamba, ukucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise amanqwanqwa amaninzi kumgca wecala, endaweni yokucotha, iindophi ezirhoxayo ezimele ziboshwe ngaphantsi kweqabunga elingaphantsi kwamagqabi angaphantsi ukwenzela ukuba ugweme ukutshatyalaliswa kwesityalo, oku kuya kuvumela isityalo ukuba sithende ngokuzenzekelayo.
Unokubeka i-garter loop kungekhona kwinqaba lekhukhamba, kodwa kwi-peg ekhonjiweyo ecaleni komhlaba, ngale ndlela izakukhusela isityalo kwingozi. Njengendlela eyahlukileyo yile ndlela, abalimi basebenzisa izikhonkwane eziphakamileyo ngabanye kwisityalo ngasinye, bavuna kwangaphambili, ngokutsho kwenani lekhukhamba, baze babophe ikhukhamba kubo.
Ukubopha ukhukhamba kwi grid?
Ngaphambi kokuba ubophe ukhukhamba kwindawo evulekile, khangela iindlela ezahlukeneyo uze ukhethe eyamkelekileyo ngakumbi. Abalimi abaninzi bemifuno, ngokusekelwe kumava abo, batusa ukusetyenziswa kwe-mesh (trellis) ngesimo sesakhiwo sokudibanisa ukhukhamba okhulayo kwindawo evulekileyo, oku kuhlukile kunempawu ezilandelayo:
- Igridi ingafakwa zombini kunye neyemgca;
- izinto (izitye okanye iplastiki) ezisetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwazo azikwazi ukubola, ukubola, zingasetyenziselwa ngaphezu konyaka omnye;
- Ukusebenzisa igridi, unokwenza ukucwangciswa okufunwayo kwimilo yesakhelo;
- Iikhukhamba, ukukhwela umnatha, kubonakala kukukholisayo, kunokuba uboshwe ngamacwecwe okanye iwele.
Ngokuhambelana namakhono abo, unokukhetha enye yeendlela zokwenza i-garter yeekomkom ezisekelwe kwigridi, ingaveliswa:
- I-Vertical, enefom yesakhelo esinomthi osiweyo;
- sithobekile, ngesakhelo esisikiweyo;
- Uhlobo oluthile, olufanelekileyo ngakumbi kwiindawo ezivulekileyo ngenxa yokuzinza kwayo;
- ulungelelaniso, ubuchule obuninzi, kodwa ukwakhiwa okunzima.
Iikhukhamba zibethelwa zingabanjwa ngetyala ngokwabo, zifuna ukuncedwa ngokuzibophelela kwimigca kwiziseko. Xa isityalo sifinyelela ku-12-15 cm ukuphakama, gxuma amaqhosha amabini okuqala ukuya kwinqanaba legridi. Emva kokuvela kwamagqabini amaninzi rhoqo kunye namahlumela, zilungise kwi-grid, ephezulu kunezo zangaphambili. Ukukhulisa i-thongs ngokusebenzisa igridi ngokulandelelana, emva kokuba kufinyelele kwiiseli eziphezulu, phezulu kwenkcenkcesha yesityalo, oku kuya kubangela ukuba isiqithi siyeke ukukhula kwaye senze ukuba uphuhliso luqhubeke emacaleni.
Garter ikhukhamba ipiramidi
Ukuqwalasela iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokugada iikomkom, kubalulekile ukukhankanya indlela ye-hybrid, equka ukwakhiwa kwepiramidi. Isakhiwo sisona sikhonkco, okwakhiwa kuyo izitofu eziphezulu okanye izityambo zensimbi, ezixhunyiwe phezulu kweso sakhiwo ekuthambekeni kwama-65-70 degrees. Iipiramidi ifakwe phakathi kombhede ojikelezayo, apho u-10 ukuya ku-20 ukhukhamba utsalwa.
Unokwakha ipiramidi ngenye indlela, ngenxa yoko, phakathi kwekhukhamba "ibhedi yeentyatyambo" kufuneka ufake ifowuni emithathu (okanye ipayipi), kunye neentambo eziqhotyoshelwe kuyo. Emva koko, ukusuka kwesikhonkwane esinyanyiswayo emhlabathini, kufuphi nomthi ngamnye wekompu, umtya udibene kwinqanawa, unxibe ngeenxa zonke uze ubuyele kwiphepha elilandelayo. Isiphumo sisakhiwo esinjengomkhiwane wekhukhamba, sifana nomthi weKrismesi. Le ndlela enye yexabiso elincinci, ngelixa iipramamidi kwisayithi zibukeka zingavamile kwaye zikhangeleka, zihombise umyezo.
Ungayibopha njani ukhukhamba ngaphantsi kweenqanawa?
Ukucinga ngendlela yokubopha ukhukhamba esitrato, abantu abaninzi bafuna ukwenza oku ngendlela elula kodwa elula, ngelixa bakha into efana ne-greenhouse mini edala izimo ezifanelekileyo zokukhula kwesi siqhamo semifuno kwindawo evulekile. Esikhundleni seendlela "zezitatomkhulu", unako ukufaka phezu kwamabhekile ngamakhukhamba, isinyithi okanye iiplastiki, ngokuqhotyoshelweyo kumacwecwe okanye iindophi, eziza kuhlanganiswa neenkompo zekhukhamba.
Uyilo olunjalo luya kuba sisiseko se-mini-greenhouse, i-awning for it, inokwenziwa ngumbumba oya kuvumela amanzi emvula ukuba adlule, ngelixa ekhusela ukhukhamba ukusuka elangeni aze enze i-microclimate efanelekileyo. Ukwazi ukubopha ukhukhamba kwindawo evulekile ukuya kwi-arcs, ngaphezu kwenkqubo yokufumana ikhukhamba ngokufanelekileyo, ingxaki yesicelo esifanelekileyo seendlela zokulima ezifunekayo kule nkcubeko yemifuno isisombululo.
Yiyiphi indlela yokwenza ukhukhamba ngegaraji?
Xa uphendula umbuzo wokuthi ungabopha ukhukhamba olungcono kangakanani, siyaqwalasela ukuba akukho mfuneko yokubopha isityalo kwiinkxaso okanye ezintambo, ezishiya ithuba lokuphuhlisa okuqhubekayo kweekhukhamba. Ukukhula, ikhukhamba ihamba ngokuzimela, ijika emva kwelanga. Ukuxazulula ingxaki yokuzibophelela ukhukhamba kwindawo evulekile, bazimisele ukuba baxhomekeke kuyo, okuya kunceda ukukhulisa ukukhanya kwelanga, ukuququzelela ukufikelela kwisityalo kwimisebenzi ye-agrotechnical.
Indlela eyona ndlela yokubeka i-twine kwi-trellis iyinqobo ekhethiweyo yokukhangela ikhukhamba, iyayibophelela ngakumbi kunokuba iyinto eqhelekileyo, kodwa iya kukuvumela ukuba iqhube i-trellis ecacileyo, idibanise ubude obude obufunekayo ukuze ikhukhamba ikhule. Ufumene umgadi wegadi, usebenzisa i-garter yamakhukhamba, sebenzisa i-loop ye-slider, enceda ukukhulula ukuxhatshazwa kwe-twine, xa kuthengiswa umhlaba, ngokukodwa ukuba iibhedi ziphezulu.
Isixhobo sokugubha ukhukhamba kwintsimi
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngokuphindaphindiweyo unako ukudibana kwiigadi zekhitshini, kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni - ukuxhamla , izixhobo ezijongene nokunyamekela ukhukhamba kwindawo evulekile. Olu lwakhiwo lwe-garter ikhukhamba kulula kwi-fowuni, linika iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokukhula kwekhukhamba elihlaza. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-trellises kuphucula umgangatho wesityalo, iziqhamo zibonakala ngokucacileyo kubo, zihlanganiselwe ngexesha, ngaphandle kokusinda.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-tapestry kwenza kube lula ukusebenzisa indawo yesayithi, ukudala izimo ezintle (ukukhanya okufunekayo, ithuba lokutsala) kwizityalo ngokwabo. Ikhukhamba ehlambulukileyo, eboshwe kwi-trellises, kulula ukukhusela ukusuleleka kwezifo ezahlukahlukeneyo, zinexesha elide lokulima. Ezi zakhiwo zingenziwa ngendlela yeendonga, iipiramidi, zinobunzima obunamanzi, mazibekwe kwindawo engezantsi okanye zizenzeke, iimeko eziphambili - kufuneka zomelele, zizinzile kwaye zikhululekile kuwe nakwizityalo.
Iingqungquthela zokugada ikhukhamba
Ukuze kulungele ukwenza i-cuff garter, ngaphandle kokulimaza amahlathi, cinga ngezixhobo ezisetyenziswe kwangaphambili. Icandelo ngalinye linemfihlelo yalo, ngoko ke, ukwenzela ukuba wenze inkqubo ye-garter, kufuneka uziqhelise nantoni na ukubopha ukhukhamba. Ukusebenzisa i-twine eyenziwe ngezinto zokwenziwa (i-nylon, i-nylon) ayifanelekanga, indawo yayo evulekileyo, iya kuvumela umdiliya wekhukhamba, ulinganiswe ngamagqabi kunye neziqhamo, ukudibanisa.
Ufumene umcebisi welondolozo olusetyenzisiweyo kule njongo yeartare eyenziwe ngamacwecwe amaninzi, okusetyenziswayo okunokuthenjwa, kodwa ngokunyanisekileyo, ukufakela izityalo kwenkxaso, ukuphepha ukulimala okubi kweempawu. Ukuveliswa kwamagarta, iimpahla zokudala zetekisi zetekisi zisetyenzisiweyo, ukuphela kweentsilelo zazo zincinci.
Iifolo ze-garter ikhukhamba kwi-greenhouse
Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo kwenza kube lula ukulungelelanisa ihlathi lekhukhamba. Ukusetyenziswa kwamagwegwe kusebenza ukulawula ubude beentambo, ezinokunciphisa okanye zomelelwe ukuba ziyimfuneko. Iimpawu ezikhethekileyo, ezifana ne-U ze-garter ukhukhamba zenza kube lula ukubeka iintambo kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo, kwaye zibambe ngokuqinisekileyo i-trellis.
Isakhelo sokulungiselela ikhukhamba
Isixhobo sokugubha ukhukhamba ebhedini, okubizwa kuthiwa ifreyimu, sinokuzimela ngokuzimela ngaphandle kweemfestile, iplastiki, izitye okanye izithixo zamatye, i-slats, iinqonga. Imfuno ebalulekileyo ngamandla ayo, kufuneka imelane nomthwalo owenziwe ngamahlumela aphezulu kunye neziqhamo. Xa sele uqhelane neengcebiso ezichaza indlela efanelekileyo ngayo ukubopha ukhukhamba kwindawo evulekile, kuya kuba lula kuwe ukuba ukhethe indlela efanelekileyo ngokufanelekileyo kwezityalo zakho, ukunyamekela kwenkathalo kunye nokubekwa kwesayithi kunye nokucacisa isakhiwo sakhelo.