- Idilesi: iNyaung-U, iMyanmar (iBurma)
- Inkolo: iTheravada UbuBuddha
- Umhla wesiseko : malunga ne-1167-1170.
Kwintshona yaselunxwemeni yoMlambo i-Irrawaddy eMyanmar , kukho indawo enkulu apho umhlaba udwetshwe khona emthunzini wethusi, kwaye phakathi kweentlanga ezinamahlathi kunye neentendelezo ezithambileyo, kubonakala ukuba izikhonkwane zetempile zamandulo zibizwa ngokuba yiArimaddana, okanye i-Blasted Lands. Ngomhla wexesha lokugqibela leminyaka, idolophu enhle yaseBagan yayakhiwe apha, imbali yayo yayiphuthuma kwaye yayingummangaliso. Namhlanje, kwisiza senkunzi yamandulo, kukho iidolophana ezimbalwa kunye neenqwelomoya ezincinane zokubaluleka kwendawo, kodwa ezo zakhiwo ezimangalisayo eziye zasinda ngeenkulungwane, zibonisa ngokucacileyo ubukhulu bobukumkani obufileyo. Ininzi edumileyo yintente enkulu yeDamayandzhi, isasazeka ngeekhilomitha ezininzi.
Zakhiwo zeTempile
Izakhiwo zetempile ezakhiwa ngokubanzi ngokubanzi zakhiwe malunga nomzi omkhulu waseBagan: ezingaphezu kwama-4,000 ama-Buddhist sanctuaries afumane kwingingqi malunga neekhilomitha ezili-40 zecala. Kukho iitempileni ezintathu eziphambili zeBagan (okanye iPagan, namhlanje): iDamayandji, inkulu kunazo zonke, u- Ananda kunye neetereyili ezibonakalayo kunye noTatbinyi, babonwa njengona ephakamileyo kwintlambo. Kodwa ke, ezinye izakhiwo zenkathazo ngokuqinisekileyo zifanelekele ingqalelo. Inyaniso ecasulayo kukuba nangona zonke iinzame ze siseko se-UNESCO, kwakunokwenzeka ukuvakalisa ubunzima njengendawo yeGugu leMhlaba ngezizathu ezininzi.
Unyaka wonke, amakhulu eminyaka abavakatyeleli bavakashela iMyanmar ukuya kubona iDamayandji kuqala. Kuzo zonke izakhiwo zetempile zixhotyiswe ngeendawo ezizodwa zokuqwalasela, kwaye kwiindawo ezininzi zindlela ezilula. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba zonke iicawa zineeyure ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzi, nangona ngokuqhelekileyo ixesha lokutyelela kwintsimi yinkathazo yonke iyafana. Ukuze ungene kwintsimi yendlu engcwele yeBuddhist yamandulo kuyimfuneko ukuba ube netikiti kunye nawe, ongayithenga ngokufanelekileyo emnyango.
Ithempeli eliphambili laseBagan
Ngokomlando, itempile enkulu kunzima, eyamnika igama likaDamayandji, eyakhiwa ngumlawuli lowo ukuba axolelwe izono ezinkulu: kuthiwa ukunyuka esihlalweni sobukhosi bukaKumkani uNaratu kwakuyigazi, kwaye le ndoda enothando yayingamfuni ngisho ne-parricide. Kodwa eqala ukwakhiwa kwengcwele, uNaratu akazange atshintshe umsindo - ukumkani wathembisa ukuba ayenze abakhi, ukuba unako ukumbamba inaliti ngeendonga. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ubuqhetseba bomlawuli babenefuthe-ukuchaneka kokufakela izitena zeTemanijia itempile yona nto igqibeleleyo kuyo yonke imbali yaseBurma.
Kodwa, naphezu kobukhulu obuyingqayizivele besakhiwo, iifrestiki ezimbalwa kunye neebhalkoni zetempile ziyafumaneka ukutyelela: amagumbi angaphakathi avulelwe kwaye ahlanganiswe ngodonga, olungenakususwa ngaphandle kokulimaza izindonga.
Indlela yokufikelela kwintlanzi yaseTamayjee?
Indlela elula yokufika eDamayandji yindiza: ukusuka eYangon ukuya eBagan, iindiza ezininzi zithunyelwa imihla ngemihla, uhambo luthatha ixesha elingaphaya kweyure. Indlela esuka eMandalay ihamba malunga noMlambo i-Irrawaddy: kwiindawo zokutyelela izithuthi kwiBagan zinokufikelela kwiiyure ezisi-9, kodwa ubuyela eMandalay ngokubhekiselele kulo mlambo uza kuhamba ukususela kwishumi elinesithathu. Ngaphandle koko, ungaya eBagan ngothutho loluntu okanye itekisi, kodwa oku kuyindlela yokutyelela abavakhenkethi abanesigulane kakhulu kunye nokunyaniseka kwiimeko.
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