Inqamana emzimbeni okanye ubuso abuyi kuba yinto ecacileyo kuphela yowesifazane onika umtsalane okhethekileyo, kodwa nokuba ngumthombo ongenakukhathazeka - ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo. Ngenkathazo enjalo, kuphakama imibuzo malunga naluphi uhlobo lweengozi yedatha yemfundo enokuthi iqulethe, indlela yokususa i-moles ephazamisayo, nokuba ingaba kukho nayiphi na ingqinano.
Ziziphi iimpawu zokuzalwa kwaye zivela phi?
Okokuqala, siya kuqonda ukuba yintoni i-mole, kwaye ngenxa yeziphumo ezi zinto zivela. I-Moles (nevi), ekhulile kunye neyifumanekayo, ifumaneka kwikhanyeni kunye neembumba zamanqatha kunoma yiyiphi indawo yomzimba. Isakhiwo sabo sinezixhobo ze-epidermal okanye zesigxina kunye nokuqokelela kwe-melanocytes - iiseli ezivelisa i-pigment melanin. Iifom e zikhoyo kwinqanaba lekhumba, okanye zikhuphuke ngaphezu kwayo, ziyahluka ngohlobo kunye nombala.
Kukho izimbalwa ezinobangela zokubunjwa kwe-moles, eziphambili zi:
- i-genetic factor - ulwazi malunga nokubonakala kwesakhiwo se-pigment kwicandelo elithile lomzimba linokufakwa kwi-DNA, oko kuthetha ukuba izalamane ezisondeleyo zihlala zineempawu zokuzalwa ezifanayo;
- ukukhanya okukhulu ekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet, ngaphantsi kwefuthe apho kuveliswa i-melanin enkulu;
- utshintsho lwe-hormonal, olukhokelela ekuphazameni kwintsebenziswano ye-melanin (ngenxa yezifo ze-endocrine, ukukhulelwa, ukukhulelwa, izidakamizwa ezine-hormone, njalo njalo);
- ukuboniswa kwemitha, i-X-ray;
- intlungu kunye nosulelo lwesikhumba.
Nevus - Species
Siluhlu kwaye sibonisa ezinye iintlobo ze-moles:
- I-Lentigo - indawo ebonakalayo ye-pigment spot, ekhunjulwa kwintsimbi, kodwa enamandla ngakumbi kunye nombala;
- Iindwangu zeplati ezingabonakaliyo ezincinci zenziwe phakathi kwe-epidermis kunye ne-dermis, enokuthi ibe nombala ohlukileyo-ukusuka kwi-corporal ukuya kumnyama.
- I-compus nevus yimfundo ephakama ngaphezu kwesikhumba okanye kwi-mucosal surface, echaphazela izicubu ze-dermis ne-epidermis kunye nombala omnyama kakhulu.
- I-dysplastic nevus yindawo ephathekayo okanye encinci yendawo engavumelekiyo kunye nemigca engacatshangwanga kunye nombala ongalinganiyo, ubukhulu bayo obude ngaphezu kweyentimitha enye.
- I-Blue nevus yinto ejikelezayo yebala elihlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye ibluluhlaza, elinesakhiwo esinomsila, esivame ukubonakala kwimilenze, ubuso, amatye.
- Ukuxhoma i-moles (i-acrochordons) yimibala emzimbeni okanye emnyama, iindawo eziqhelekileyo eziyi-armpits, groin, intamo, iinkophe.
- Ukugqithisa okukhulu kunamabala okuzalwa kunye nombala omnyama kunye nomhlaba ongalinganiyo, obonakala ngenxa yecala le-intrauterine ye-melanoblast.
- I-Nevtsy Sutton - amabala ngohlobo lwee-nodules ezinqabileyo, ezibophelelwe ngumkhonto wesikhumba esingagqithwanga.
Ngaba iimpawu zokuzalwa ziyingozi?
Ngombuzo wokuba unokususa ama-moles, ukubaluleka okubalulekileyo kunikwa ingozi yezempilo ezi zifihlakeleyo. Kuyinto engacacile ukuthetha ukuba le nto okanye loo mfundiso iyingozi kumzimba womntu, kwiimeko ezininzi akunakwenzeka, kuba iziganeko zokuzalwa ezingalindelekanga ziyakhula kwaye zitshintshe. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-nevi encinane, apho izibonakaliso zokuvuvukala okanye ukungahambi kakubi (izikhululo zeeseli eziphilileyo kumaseli omhlaza), azichaphazeli umsebenzi obalulekileyo kunye nenhlalakahle yomntu.
Ii-Benigns zibhekwa njengezobunjwa ukuya kwi-6 mm ngobukhulu, umbala ofanayo, womfanekiso olinganayo kunye nemida. Kodwa akukho mntu ukhuselwe ngokukhawuleza kwandala yeeseli ezivela kwilungu elingenakulimala, ngoko kufuneka lilandelwe ngokuchanekileyo. Masibhale ukuba yi-nevus iyingozi:
- ukukhula kumakhulu amakhulu;
- ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba utshintshele kwinqanaba le-atypical precancerous;
- ukuguqula imfundo yomhlaza;
- ekungcolweni kwanokuba kungabonakali ukubonakaliswa kwangaphandle nge-metastasis kuzo zonke izidalwa.
Imiba echukumisayo yokuguqulwa kwendawo yokuzalwa ibe yingozi ifomu:
- ukugqithisa ngokugqithiseleyo ekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet, ukushisa ilanga ;
- umonakalo obangela umonakalo kwimfundo (ngokukodwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuphindaphinda);
- iinzame zokuzilahla (iindlela zokusebenza, iindlela zeekhemikhali);
- ukususwa kweenwele kwi-mole ngeendlela zokugaya.
Kwiindawo ezinobungozi obuphezulu zilandelayo ziindidi zabantu:
- ukuba nenani elikhulu leelesi;
- Ukuba nemivungu ephezulu kune-5 mm;
- i-skin-skin-skin, eboya-bhanya kunye neyamehlo;
- izalamane ezondelene nazo zifumanisa i-moles ezinobungozi.
Ngaba iimpawu zokuzalwa ezinobungozi ziyingozi?
Ukuba i- nevus ye-pigment ayikhuswanga ngaphezu kwesikhumba kunye nobukhulu obuncinane, ubunokwenzeka bokuguqulwa kwayo kuncinci, ngaphandle kokuba kungekho tshintsho evele kuyo. Ngenxa yobuqhetseba beli fom yebala lokuzalwa, inokwenzeka umonakalo, ukuphazamiseka ngengozi kuphantsi, okufaka ubungqina bokungabi nengozi. Ukugqitywa ngokugqithiseleyo yonke ingozi, kucetyiswa ukuba ungasebenzisi kakubi i-tan kwaye uhlolisise rhoqo iimpawu zokuzalwa ezikhoyo.
Ngaba amanqaku okuzalwa obomvu kumzimba onobungozi?
Umqondiso wokuzalwa ongaqhelekanga wombala obomvu awuyiyo i-pigment nevus, kodwa ukubunjwa kwe-tumor ye-tumor ye-nature yangokuthiwa yi-angioma. Lo mzabalazo wokuzalwa owenziwe ngenxa yokwanda kwee-capillaries zegazi, unokuba nobukhulu obuhlukeneyo-ukusuka kwinqanaba elincinci elingabonakaliyo kwindawo ephakamileyo. I-Angiomas kakhulu ayiguqukiyo ibe yinto enobungozi, kodwa ingozi yabo ikhona ekuphumeni kwegazi ngexesha lomonakalo.
Ngaba iindawo zokuzalwa zokuzalwa ziyingozi?
Ukuba i-mole eqhelekileyo engabonakaliyo ngaphezu kwesikhumba kaninzi ayibangeli nayiphi na ingxaki ye-aesthetic, ngoko ke amaziko adibanisayo athobisa abantu besifazane ngenxa yokubonakala. Ukongezelela, ukukhula okunjalo kukhula ukwanda kunye nobukhulu, obuya kutshutshiswa ngokugqithisa ngokusisigxina (izambatho, imihlobiso), umonakalo ongengozi. Ingozi ibhekwa njengexhoma i-moles, ekho entanyeni, emagqabini, kwizitho zangasese, ngenxa yokuba kwiindawo eziluhlu zilula ukulimaza.
Ngaba iimpawu zokuzalwa ziyingozi?
Xa isalathisi sokuzalwa esisekuqaleni saqala ngokutshintsha kwaye saba yinto efanelekileyo, oku kufuneka kuqaphele. Kungekho kuzo zonke iimeko, utshintsho olunjalo lithetha ukubunjwa okubi, ngokuqhelekileyo ukukhula okuncinci kunye nokuphakama ngaphezu kwesikhumba yinkqubo yendalo. Ngelo xesha, ukuguqulwa kwamaseli kunombane ngokukhawuleza, kwaye i-mole iyakwazi ngokukhawuleza ibe yi- melanoma -isifo somhlaza. Ukubonakala, i-mole nee-melanoma eziqhelekileyo azikwazi ukuba zihlale zichanekile ngokuqinisekileyo, kwaye ukufunyaniswa kwezifundo ezizodwa zifunekayo.
Ngaba ndifuna ukususa i-moles?
Imibuzo malunga nokuba kuyimfuneko ukususa iimpawu zokuzalwa kunye nokuba iinqwelo ezinokuthi zisuswe kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngokwahlukileyo, kuxhomekeke kwimihlobo yemfundo, indawo yayo, ukubonakaliswa kwezinto ezikhoyo. Uninzi lweengcali ziyavuma ukuba i-nevi, ebangela ukungabonakali kwaye inobungozi ngokwemigangatho yokuguqulwa kwamathumba amanxeba, kufuneka isuswe. Izindlela ezikhoyo zokususa i-moles kakhulu ayibangele iimeko ezinzima, kodwa ukuba i-nevus ayichaphazeli umgangatho wobomi, akuyimfuneko ukuyichukumisa.
Ziziphi iimpawu zokuzalwa ezingenakususwa?
Abaninzi abafazi bayathandabuza ukuba kulungile ukuba basuse i-moles ebusweni, ukuba bajonge nje. Njengomgaqo, ukususwa kweefomati ezingekho engozini yokulimala kwaye kungabangeli ukukhathazeka ngokwenyama kuthathwa njengengqiqo, nangona kukhuselekile. Kule meko, kufuneka kukhunjulwe engqondweni ukuba, emva kokususwa, kukho imiphumo emibi, ephakathi kwayo ephindaphindiweyo kunye nobunqunu.
Ixesha lokuzalwa lokuzalwa kufuneka lisuswe nini?
Akukho mfanekiso malunga nokuba kunokwenzeka ukususa izikhumbuzo zokuzalwa emzimbeni nokuba ngaba kuyimfuneko ukususa iavus akufanele kube kwiimeko apho kukho iziganeko eziphazamisayo ezibonisa ukuba ukuguquguquka kwezemfundo kube nzima. Ezi zibonakaliso ziquka:
- Ukubonakala ngokukhawuleza kwesibonakaliso sokuzalwa esingavamile ngokudala;
- ukubetha, ukunyameka kwi-mole;
- utshintsho olukhawuleza kwifom, ubungakanani, umbala wemfundo;
- ukubonakala kwe-inclusions, iigununu, imvini, yangaphandle;
- ukukhawuleza, ukubonakala kwemifuziselo kwi-nevus;
- ukulahleka kweenwele kwi-mole;
- ukuphuma kwegazi, ubukho bemfihlo.
Ungasusa njani i-moles?
Xa udibana nogqirha ngombuzo wokuba unokususa iimpawu zokuzalwa ezixhalabileyo, isiguli sinikezelwa uphando ukuze kuqinisekiswe uhlobo lwemfundo kwaye yenze indlela yokususwa. Ezi ndlela zilandelayo zisetyenziswa:
- ukuxhamla ngeelaphu yokucoca;
- ukucinywa;
- electrocoagulation;
- indlela yomsakazo;
- isenzo se laser .
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba akuzona zonke ezi ndlela zisebenzisayo xa kukho ukugxekwa kwenguqu yomhlaza. Ngako oko, umbuzo othi nokuba kuyingozi ukususa iimpawu zokuzala nge-laser, unokuyiphendula impendulo eqinisekisiweyo, kuba, nangona le ndlela ingenazigalelo, ayishiyi ithuba lokujonga isisculi esususiweyo se-oncology. Ukukhutshwa kuphela kukuvumela ukuba uhlalutye ukubunjwa kwaye udlulise yonke into ekhunjulwayo.