Ukuphuka kwethambo kwenzeka xa ubuqotho babo bonakaliswe. Njengomthetho, oku kwenzeka ngenxa yengozi: xa iwa, xa iphantsi kobunzima bayo, ukutshitshiswa kunamandla kangangokuba ithambo libhubhile, mhlawumbi xa kwenzeka ingozi okanye kwimveliso, ngenxa yemikhosi yangaphandle. Kwiimeko ezininzi ezingabonakaliyo, iinkqubo zesifo esiswini emzimbeni ezinxulumene nezifo ezizimelayo zikhokelela ekubeni izicubu zethambo zibuthathaka, kwaye nangayiphi na intshukumo engaphumeleliyo, intsebenziswano okanye ithambo lonakaliswe ngempembelelo ebuthathaka ngokumelene nenjongo eqinile.
Kwimeko nayiphi na imeko, nokuba yintoni eyenzekayo, kubangelwa ingozi: inxalenye eyonakalisiweyo okanye nayiphi na inxalenye yomzimba inokulahlekelwa yinto ethile yomsebenzi wayo ngokungapheliyo ukuba isiguli singakhange senziwe ngoncedo lwezonyango ngexesha. Ngoko ke, uxanduva oluphambili alukho kuphela kwizonyango, kodwa nakwabo abasondeleyo kwixhoba: kwimeko yefractures, uncedo lokuqala lubaluleke kakhulu.
Uncedo lokuqala lokuphuka kwamathambo
Ukuqhekeka kwe-humerus. Ezi zizahlukileyo ziphendula malunga ne-7% yazo zonke iziqhekeza. Okokuqala, ingalo kufuneka ivalwe ngokupheleleyo (kubandakanywa negalelo). Oku kwenziwa ngosizo lwevili okanye iindlela ezilungeleleneyo, ebambe indima yayo: amabhodi, abalawuli abade, njl. Isondo lisetyenziselwa kumacala omabini kunye ne-bandage. Ngentlungu ebuhlungu, ixhoba kufuneka linikezwe i-anesthetic kwaye lithathwe kwisebe lexinzelelo kwi-stretch if the injury is extensive. Ukuba kukho isikrokreko sokuphuka kunye neempawu zephuka azichazwanga, ngoko kuvumelekile ukuba zenze ngaphandle kwezicatshulwa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ihlombe ayifaki ngexesha lokuthutha.
Ukuphuka kwamathambo e-pelvic. Le yenye yezinto eziyingozi kakhulu emva kwekratshi, umngcipheko wokufa uphezulu. Ukuphuka okunjalo kwenzeka ngeempembelelo ezinamandla, ingozi, kwaye ihamba kunye nenyaniso yokuba ixhoba alikwazi ukuhamba ngaphandle kwentlungu embi, kunye nexinzelelo olubi kwaye ayikwazi ukutshintsha isikhundla somzimba nhlobo. Umsebenzi oyintloko wale abo babesondele kufuphi nexhoba ukubiza i-ambulensi, kuba akunakwenzeka ukuba angakwazi ukukhupha inxalenye engonakali ngaphandle kweemeko zonyango. Ingozi enkulu apha apha kukulimaza kwizitho zangaphakathi kunye neemeko eziqhelekileyo zokutshatyalaliswa koluhlungu. Isigulana sidluliselwa kwiselula, sibeka i-roller phantsi kwentloko kunye namadolo.
Ukuphuka kwamathambo empumlo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuxhatshazwa okunjalo kwenzeka ngexesha lokulwa nesitalato okanye ukuqeqeshwa kwezemidlalo. Ngaphantsi kaninzi kwenzeka xa uwela kwindawo yangaphakathi. Ekubeni ukuphuka kwempumlo kuhamba kunye nokuphuma kwegazi, kubalulekile ukuzama ukuwuyeka: qhafaza i-ice ehlanganiswe ngendwangu okanye inyama enqabileyo kwimpumlo. Ixhoba alifanele liyibuyisele intloko kwakhona, kungcono ukuyigcina inene. Ngamanye amaxesha awukwazi ukuyeka ukuphuma kwi-site, ngoko kunjalo, kufuneka ufune uncedo lwezokwelapha: oogqirha baya kwenza i-x-ray kwaye, ngokuphuka kwethambo, kuya kwenza ukuba i-reposition ibe ne-bias.
Ukuphuka kwamathambo egazi. Olu luhlobo oluyingozi kakhulu lwenqabileyo, i-tk. ingonakalisa ingqondo yengqondo kwaye ibangele ukulahleka kwegazi. Okokuqala, kufuneka ubize i-ambulensi, kuba Ngokuqhelekileyo kubalulekile ukwenza amanyathelo okuvuselela ukuxhasa imisebenzi ebalulekileyo. Ngelixa ulinde i-ambulensi, faka isigulane emhlane wakhe, ngesilonda esivulekile, vala ukuphuka kunye ne-napkins. Unokufaka isicelo sokubanda, okuya kunceda ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala. Nika imithi yesifo isigulane kunye neepilisi zokulala ayinyanzeliswa kude kube yonyango lokuqala loviwo.
Ukuphuka kwamathambo emida. Le ngenye yeentlobo eziqhekeza rhoqo. Okokuqala, ukuba i-fracture ivulekile, isilungu sinamathele ngaphantsi kwendawo yokulimala ukuyeka igazi (shiya i-bandage engekho iiyure eziyi-1.5). Ngaphambi kokufika kwe-ambulensi, kunqweneleka ukubeka itayiti ukuba ikhuphe imilenze kunye nokudibanisa, kunye nokusebenzisa i-ice kunye nokunika i-anesthetic.
Ukubuyiselwa emva kokuphuka kwamathambo
Amathambo emva kokuphuka abuye abuyiselwe kwi-1.5 ukuya kwiinyanga ezintathu. Kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lokulimala, nangenxa yobume beengxaki, kunye nendlela efanelekileyo
Ukubuyiselwa emva kokususwa kwe-gypsum (kwiimeko ezininzi zee-fractures) ukwenza le nkqubo ilandelayo:
- Iiklasi ze-physiotherapy umzimba (kunye neziqhekeza zelungu).
- Physiotherapy.
- Ukutya kwamavithamini kunye nomxholo ophezulu we-calcium.
- Ukuhlawula.
Ngamanye amaxesha ukubuyiswa ngokupheleleyo kuyimfuneko ukuqhuba izifundo ezinjalo ngekhefu kwiiveki ezimbini.