Ukunyamezela abantwana kuyindlela efanelekileyo, enoba ngabazali abaninzi abanqabile ukuba bathabathele kuwo, kuba bebheka njengento eyingozi kwaye abazi ukuba baqale njani le ndlela yokubuyisela. Eqhutywe ngexesha, ukukhusela okufanelekileyo kuyindlela efanelekileyo yokukhusela umntwana kwiintsholongwane zonyaka. Kodwa kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela izinto ezininzi: ukhuseleko, isimo sempilo yomntwana, ubudala bakhe.
Imigaqo yokukhupha abantwana
Ubunzima bemilinganiselo echaphazela umzimba kunye nokwandisa ukuxhathisa kwimeko yangaphandle kubandakanya izinto ezifana nemvelo: ukushisa kwelanga, umoya kunye namanzi. Ukwahlukeka kwamaqondo okushisa phantsi kweli nkqubo. Abantwana abakhathazekayo bayakhokelela umzimba ukuba balungele ukujamelana neempembelelo ezimbi, baphendule ngokukhawuleza kubo kwaye banokumelana nokukhawuleza ukunyuka kwefuthe lokubanda, ukushisa, umoya. Iinkqubo zenkqubo ziphucula ukusebenza kwazo zonke iisistim:
- Ukujikeleza kwegazi kuqhelekileyo;
- inkqubo ye-nervous iqiniswa;
- imetabolism ikhawuleza.
Abantwana abakhathazayo bayabenza baphile, baphumelele. Ukwandisa ukondla nokuphucula imeko yeenwele kunye nesikhumba. Kodwa ukuze wenze yonke into ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ungalimazi umntwana, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela imigaqo ephambili yokuqina:
- Echanekileyo. Imisebenzi kufuneka ibanjwe imihla ngemihla.
- Ukubambisana nokugqithisa. Isilinganiso sanda ngexesha.
Ndingaqalisa nini ukucaphukisa umntwana?
Umgaqo oyintloko uphathelene nexesha apho kunokwenzeka ukuqala iinkqubo zokuphilisa. Umntwana kufuneka aphile ngokupheleleyo, kwaye umzimba uqiniswe. Kucebise ukubonisana nodokotela wezilwanyana oza kunceda ukwenza inkqubo esekelwe kwiimpawu zomzimba. Zonke ezintsha zenziwa ngokuthe ngcembe. Isiqalo esicacileyo sokutshatyalaliswa komntwana sinemiphumo, le mzuzu kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo kwangaphambili. Abazali bafanele baxoxe ngexesha lokwenza amanyathelo azinzima, balungiselele kwangaphambili umntwana, kwaye baqinisekise ukuba nesimo sakhe sengqondo.
Ukuqina komzimba - ukuchasene
Abazali akusoloko banobunzima ngabazali babo, kwaye kukho imingcele yokugcina iiseshini zokuzonwabisa kubantwana. Ziquka:
- ubukho bezifo ezingapheliyo;
- i ntliziyo;
- izifo zamathumbu;
- kubanda, i- SARS ;
- iimeko ezinzulu ze-neurologic;
- ukudinwa;
- i-anemia (izinga eliphantsi le-hemoglobin);
- ubukho bokutshisa;
- ukuphazamiseka kokulala;
- rhu lumente okanye uvuyo;
- isimo sengqondo esingalunganga kwimilinganiselo yokuphucula impilo.
Njengomthetho, abafundi nabafundi besikolo baxhambile, bengenakuzithengisa ukunyanzelisa abantwana. Enyanisweni, ukuqina kwabantwana ukuya kunyaka kunokwenzeka ngokungabikho kokuchasene kunye nemvume yengane yabantwana. Iinkqubo ezinjalo azikhuthazwa ukuba abantwana bangaphumi, bengenamandla kakhulu, kwizigaba ezahlukeneyo zokuphelelwa amandla. Bonke abanye bangacetyiswa ukususela ekuzalweni, kodwa ngeendlela ezifanelekileyo. Akuyimfuneko ukuba uhlambe ngokukhawuleza umntwana emanzini amanzi, ungasebenzisa iindlela zokuzikhusela abantwana.
Uhlobo lwabantwana abakhulayo
Amachiza ayazi iindlela ezininzi zokuqina. Zonke ziyahlula zibe zingezizo ezizodwa kunye ezizodwa. Okokuqala kubandakanya izinyathelo eziqhelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana unesondlo esifanelekileyo kunye nomsebenzi wemihla ngemihla: ukuzisebenzisa nokuhamba emoyeni omtsha, ukubonakala kwezambatho ezifanelekileyo (isitalato kunye nekhaya), ukufudumala rhoqo kwiindawo zokuhlala. Izindlela ezikhethekileyo zibonelela ngeziganeko ezizodwa eziqhutyelwe ekhaya nasezitratweni. Iintlobo zabantwana abancinci:
- amanzi;
- umoya;
- ilanga.
Ukunyamezela abantwana ngamanzi
Inkqubo enamandla kakhulu ukucinywa kwamanzi, imigaqo yayo eyancitshiswa kwizinto ezincinci kunye nezaneleyo. Kungcono ukuqhuba iiseshoni zamanzi kwixesha elifudumeleyo, ukuqala emva kokusetyenziswa kwentsasa. Ubushushu bamanzi bumele buthatyatheke ngokuthe ngcembe, kunye ne-stereo (33-35 degrees) ukunciphisa yonke imihla idiresi ezimbalwa. Amanyathelo okuqina kwamanzi:
- Ukucima. Unokumfundisa umntwana unesiqingatha sonyaka: kunye nesiponsi esithambileyo okanye i-mitten, gubha enye, imilenze, umva kunye nesisu. Emva koko umzimba uyacinywa wome.
- Ukutshitshisa ngamanzi, ukupholisa okanye kubanda. Iiseshoni ezimfutshane (ezingekho ngaphezu kwemizuzu emi-5) zingaqala ngeminyaka engama-4 ukuya ku-5, zityholozela kwishushu esitratweni okanye emva kokuhlamba. Ubushushu bamanzi buncipha ukusuka kwi-30-35 ukuya kwi-15 degrees.
- Iwahlulo oluhlukileyo luquka amanzi athile apholileyo kunye namanzi afudumeleyo, umphumo ufezekiswa ngokukhulula. Kwizigaba zokuqala amanzi kufuneka abe nokushisa okukhululekile, kwaye iseshoni ayisapheli ngaphezu komzuzu. Emva koko amanzi atshisayo, ashushu kwaye apholileyo.
- Amanzi okuhlamba, ahlambulule iinyawo.
- Ukuhlamba echibini ehlobo. Idibene nomsebenzi osebenzayo osebenzayo.
Ukucinywa komoya
Wonke umntu ufumaneka kwaye ukhuselekile ifom - ukuqina ngomoya, imithetho elula. Yonke into efunekayo yokuphathwa ngokutsha yomoya. Kukho nantoni na ukuphikisana, iibhafu zomoya ziqhutyelwa ebusaneni (zikhawuleza ngokukhawuleza umntwana ngexesha lokukhwabanisa), qhubela phambili ebomini. Unokuthiwa la magama alandelayo:
- Ukuhlala okufutshane ngaphandle kwempahla emoyeni;
- ukuhlawula kwisitalato okanye ngefestile evulekile;
- imidlalo, ukugijima ngokugqoka iimpahla zokukhanya;
- ukulala okanye ukuphumula emoyeni omtsha.
Ukucutha ulanga
Enye yeendidi zokuhlambela emoyeni zibonakalisa ilanga. Oku kuncedo, kuba phantsi kwefuthe le-ultraviolet emzimbeni uvelisa ithambo eluncedo kwi vithamini D. Umntwana onomsindo ngumntwana ophilileyo! Kodwa kubalulekile ukuthatha ixesha elichithwe phantsi kwelanga, ukuphepha ukutshisa. Imithetho ilandelayo:
- Ubhavu obushushu buqala kwiqondo lobushushu (i-22-28 degrees), ukusuka kwindawo ecacileyo yokukhanya kwelanga kubalulekile ukufihla emthunzini.
- Ixesha elifanelekileyo likusasa (ukususela ngomhla we-9 ukuya ku-11) nobusuku (kwiiyure ezingama-16 ukuya kwe-18).
- Umntwana akufanele agqitywe ngokupheleleyo, ubukho bentloko kufuneka kube sekhanda.
- Xa umntwana ushushu, usenokumgxotha kwi-panties kwaye ukwandise ixesha elichithwe kwiLanga (akukho ngaphaya kwemizuzu engama-40-45 ngexesha).
- Ngethuba lokuhlamba lokushisa, umntu akafanele akhohlwe ukuzalisa ukulinganisela kwamanzi emzimbeni.
- Ibhebha kunye ne-sauna - njengoluhlobo lwebhafu lokushushu - alukhuthazwa kubantwana abancinci. Kunzima ukunyamezela ukushisa kwama-41 degrees.
Indlela yokuphatha umntwana kakuhle?
Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo abazali abazama ukuzenza umntwana ngendlela yokuphila enempilo: ukuqala ukuqina kanzima ngaphandle kokulungiselela kwaye ukhohlwe ngokusisigxina. Ukukhulula umzimba woxinzelelo, kubalulekile ukuba ulungelelanise kwiimeko ezintsha. Indlela yokucaphukisa umntwana ngokuchanekileyo? Kancinci, rhoqo kwaye rhoqo. Kubalulekile ukukhula imihla ngemihla, ngokuqala ngeendlela ezilula: ukuhlamba ngamanzi abandayo, ukuhamba ngesihlangu, ukuhamba ngesitalato. Ukushisa okwedlulileyo sele kuseyilingo lomzimba, kwaye ayikho inkqubo yokuphilisa.
Ukucima umntwana - apho uqala khona?
Ukuphumelela kweso sigane kuxhomekeke kwindlela efanelekileyo: ukuqala ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokuqhubeka ngokufanelekileyo. Ungaqala njani ukuthukuthela umntwana?
- Ngeenkqubo zomoya. Iibhafu zomoya zikhuselekileyo. Nabo kunqweneleka ukuba baqale ukufuthekisa abantwana banoma yiphina ubudala, ngokukodwa abancinci.
- Ukusuka kumaqondo okufudumalayo athathaka ngokunyuka (okanye ukwanda, xa kuziwa ekufumaneni ilanga).
- Kwixesha elifudumeleyo.
Udokotela wezingane kufuneka avumele ukutshatyalaliswa kwabantwana abancinci. Ukususela ekuzalweni, unina wenza izinto ezinjalo zilula njengento yokusa, ukuhlamba ibhafu, iibhafu zomoya kwindawo yokuguqula impahla, ukuhlamba ebusuku. Ngenxa yoko, ungaqala ukuthulula iinyawo zakho ngamanzi apholileyo, usebenzise ukutshabalalisa, fundisa umntwana wakho ukuba alale ngefestile evulekileyo okanye kwisitalato.
Indlela yokufutheka umntwana ngomzimba obuthathaka?
Ukunyamezela kuyomeleza ukukhuseleka komzimba , kodwa indlela engafundileyo ingabangela ukungonakaliswa kokuphila kunye nezifo. Abazali banenkxalabo malunga nombuzo: indlela yokufutheka kubantwana abagulayo? Ukwahlukana kwamaqondo okushisa kuthintela kakuhle ukukhuseleka komzimba. Kubalulekile ukuba ugqoke ngokufanelekileyo umntwana: ungayifaki ngexesha lokubanda, gqoka ngokukhawuleza uthanda wena (iindawo ezimbalwa ezisebushushu). Ukuhamba esitrato kunoma yiphina imozulu - i-gymnastics efanelekileyo kakhulu yomzimba. Ukongeza, asimele sikhohlwe ngemidlalo kunye nokutya okunokulinganisela.
Indlela yokufutheka umphimbo womntwana?
Ukwazi indlela yokuphatha umntwana kakuhle ekhaya, unokuyenza ibe nempilo ngaphandle kwemigudu kunye neendleko ezininzi. Ukususela kwiminyaka emine kuncedo ukumfundisa ukuba ahlambulule umqala wakhe emanzini ngephasi lokushisa, aze apholile. Ubungakanani beeseshoni bonyuka ukusuka kwinye ukuya kumzuzu emi-2-3. Unokwenza umququzeko ogqithisayo, njengesiwa. Oku kukuthintela kakuhle kwezifo zomlomo. Enye inketho kwenkqubo enjalo kukutya i-ayisikrimu (kwigumbi elifudumele, esitratweni) okanye ukuchitha iikhabhi ze-ice.
Ukubethekiswa kwabantwana ebusika
Kwixesha elibandayo, abazali bayesaba "ukukrabalaza" umntwana, ngoko bayeka zonke iindlela zokunyusa intwasahlobo nehlobo. Enyanisweni, ukushisa okugqithiseleyo, ukuhamba ngeqhwa e-ice kunye nokuhamba kwikhephu kuyingozi kwinto engalungiselelwanga. Kodwa ukutshatyalaliswa komzimba womntwana kunokwenziwa nawuphi na unyaka, kuquka ubusika. Ukuhlawula emoyeni omtsha, imidlalo esebenzayo kunye nokuhamba, imisebenzi yokuhamba kwamanzi kunye nemisebenzi yamanzi kwinqanaba lekhaya ukukhusela i-immunity.
Ukutshatyalaliswa kwabantwana ehlobo
Ixesha lehlobo laseNtsundu linika amathuba amaninzi kwiinkqubo zempilo: ukushisa okulungileyo kwomoya, ukukhanya okukhulu kwelanga, amanzi afudumele kwiindawo zamanzi. Ehlobo, abantwana banokuchitha ixesha elide ngaphandle nangamanzi, ukushisa ilanga, ukufuduka, ukufumana amavithamini ekudleni. Esi sizathu esihle sokomeleza umzimba. Abantwana abanomdla wesikolo esikolweni ngexesha leeholide bavumela ukuba balungiselele ixesha loqeqesho nobusika.
Ukuba ujongene noxanduva olujongene noxanduva, ukufuthekisa abantwana kuya kuzisa inzuzo eninzi kubo kunye nabazali babo. Ulungelelaniso lwezinto ezimbi zangaphandle, iintsana azikwazi ukugula kwaye ziyakwazi ukunyamezela iintsholongwane zentsholongwane. Izindlela zokuqina zinokuhluka, ukusuka kwelinye ukuya kwelinye. Inkqubo yokuphila rhoqo (amanzi kunye nomoya) kufuneka ibe ngumkhwa lowo umntwana uya kuthwala naye ukuba abe ngumdala.