I-Zinnat yi-antibiotics enefuthe lokunyanga kunye neprophylactic kwizitho zecandelo eliphezulu lokuphefumula. Ngaphambi kokufaka i-zinnat, kufuneka udibane nodokotela, kuba akakwazi ukuhlangabezana nazo zonke izifo zesifo.
I-antibiotic zinnat kubantwana: izibonakaliso kunye nokuchasene
Ukubunjwa kwe-zinnata kubandakanya into elandelelanayo njengengxube ye-cefuroxime, eyenziwa lula yindlela yokugaya umzimba kwaye ifinyelele kwizinga lokuxininisa kwigazi emva kweeyure ezintathu.
Kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa ezi zilandelayo zibonakaliso zesicelo se-zinnate:
- izifo zendlela yokuphefumula (umphunga we-pneumonia, i-bronchitis, i-abscess yamapomphu);
- izifo ze-ENT (ii-otitis media, tonsillitis);
- iinkqubo ezithathelwanayo kwesikhumba (impetigo, furunculosis);
- izifo ezihlangeneyo (i-arthritis, i-osteomyelitis);
- iinkqubo ezivuthayo kwi-genitourinary system (pyelonephritis, cystitis);
- izifo zonyango (adnexitis, endometritis, cervicitis).
Izindlela zokusebenzisa iziyobisi
I-Zinnat yabantwana ifumaneka kwiifom ezilandelayo:
- ukumiswa;
- iipilisi;
- i powder for intramuscular, intravenous administration.
Ukuqonda indlela yokuthatha i-zinnat kwifomu yamacwecwe okanye indlela yokunciphisa ukumiswa, kufuneka ubhekisele kwimigaqo. Ukusebenzisa i-zinnate kwaye ulungiselele ukumiswa kuyo, oko kuyimfuneko yokuqala ukuthulula amanzi kwi-beaker yokulinganisa (20 ml). Emva koko gubungela ibhotile ixesha elininzi kwaye uthele ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kwe-vial kunye nemali ekhoyo yamanzi. Emva koko, kuyadingeka ukuba ugubungele ibhotile ngokuphindaphindiweyo de kube yinto enokulingana. Ngaphandle, ubunzima obufanayo bufana nesiraphu, ngoko kwenkcazo yesilwanyana kaninzi kunokwenzeka ukufumana igama elithi "isiraphu zinnat".
Xa zisetyenzisiwe njengendlela yokulungisa i-zinnata i-dosage yabantwana kuxhomekeke kwiinkalo zobudala kunye nobukhulu, kunye nokuqina kwesifo somntwana. Abantwana abaneminyaka engaphantsi kwe-12 ubudala banqunywe umlinganiselo we-10 mg kilogram yesisindo somzimba. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba umthamo wosuku lwesilwanyana akufanele ube ngaphezu kwama 250 mg ngosuku. Kubantwana abancinci ukumiswa kukhethwayo, njengoko kungcono kumandla emzimbeni womntwana kwaye umntwana kulula ukuba athathe isiraphu kunokusela isilisi.
Kwisethi kunye nomyalelo kukho i-spoon efanelekileyo yokulinganisa i-5 ml, apho kukulungele ukugcina umlinganiselo ofanelekileyo weyeza. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa iyeza kunye nokutya. Kule meko, thintana noqhagamshelwano kunye neziselo ezinxilisayo.
Xa usebenzisa i-zinnat kubantwana, iziphumo ezilandelayo ziyakwenzeka:
- kwi-hematopoietic system: inani elincitshisiweyo le-neutrophils egazini, i-thrombocytopenia;
- ukusuka kwinqanaba lesisu: isifo sohudo, isisongela, ukuhlanza;
- izimpembelelo: ukuvuthwa, ukuvumba, kwezinye iimeko, ukubonakala kwe-necrolysis yolusu;
- migraines;
- zixhala;
- hepatitis.
Akukhuthazwa ukusebenzisa i-zinnate njengendlela yokulungisa izigulane ezinokunyuka okuphawulekayo kwintsholongwane kwi-antibiotics yeqela le-cephalosporins. Isicelo se-zinnat esiboniswa ngabantwana besifazane ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunye ne-lactation. Akunconywa ukuba anikezele abantwana abangaphantsi kweenyanga ezintathu ukwenzela ukunciphisa ukuvela kweempembelelo ezimbi.
Kwimeko yokudlula ngaphezulu, inkqubo ye-nervous central ichaphazelekayo. Kwakhona, ukubonakala kokuthintela. Njengendlela yokwenza unyango, i-hemodialysis isetyenziswa.
Inkqubo epheleleyo yeyeza kunye ne-zinnat ivela kwiintsuku ezi-5 ukuya kwi-10.
Xa unyango lwe-zinnat lunexesha elifanelekileyo lunefuthe elifanelekileyo lokunyanga emzimbeni womntwana kwaye lukhuthaza ukuphucula kwangaphambili.