Imisindo entliziyweni yomntwana - izizathu

Ingxolo esebenzayo entliziyweni yintsana ithathwa njengoluhlobo lwesimo sokubonakaliswa komsebenzi wentliziyo kubantwana abasempilweni, kodwa kunokugqalwa xa i-myocardium (imisipha yomzimba) iphukile, i-hemodynamics ishintshe. Kwakhona, esinye sezizathu ezininzi zokubonakala kweemisindo ezinjalo entliziyweni yomntwana kunokuthi, umzekelo, i-anemia. Uhlobo olunjalo lomsindo ludla ngokuba luthiwa "mmsulwa", ngenxa yokuba ubukho babo buyichaphazela impilo kunye nemeko jikelele yomntwana. Masizame ukubona ukuba "ingxolo entliziyweni" yomntwana ithetha ukuba, nokuba zonke izandi ziyingozi kwaye kutheni zivela.

Ziziphi izizathu zokuphuhliswa kwe-systolic ngaphakathi kwentliziyo yomntwana?

Ukunikezelwa kweempawu ze-anatomical zesakhiwo senhliziyo kubantwana, kuyinto yesiko ukuhlukanisa ezi zilandelayo zizathu zembonakalo yeso sifo:

• I-Valvular - iiplavinti zevinivesti zeentliziyo, i-asymmetry yamagatya e-semilunar, iiguvillar eyongezelelweyo, i-trigonoidization yamagatya e-valves;
• i-chordal - ebonakala ngokubonakalayo (amanga) amacandricles entliziyo, utshintsho kwindawo yabo, ukuphulwa kweenguqu zabo;
• amaphepha-mpahla - utshintsho kwisimo, umlo, inani leemisipha zomsila, ukuphazanyiswa kwetoni yabo kunye nokuqhekeka nokuphumla kweentliziyo zomzimba;
• iwindi-parietal - ifowuni evulekile ye-oval (LLC), i-aneurysm ye-septum ye-interamrial, i-valve yase-Eustachian, i-deformation ene-S yecandelo eliphezulu le-septum ye-interventricular, njl njl.

Zonke iziphazamiso ezibalwe kwiiyeza zibizwa ngokuba yimiphumo encinci yokuphuhliswa kwentliziyo (MARS). Zivame ukudibaniswa kunye neziphoso zentliziyo yesisu kunye nomnye nomnye, okufuneka ukuba ithathelwe ingqalelo xa kuhlolwa imeko yomntwana kwaye kuqikelelwe iindlela zokuziphatha. Ziyizi ngxaki ezikhokelela ekubhenkeleni kwe-systolic kwintliziyo yomntwana omncinci.

I-Mitral valve ihamba njengeyona nto ibangela isandi se-systolic

Emva kokuqwalasela isizathu sokuba umntwana abe nomsindo entliziyweni, kwaye bathetha ukuthini, qwalasela isizathu esivame ukubonakala kwazo, okuyiyo i-proral valve.

Phakathi kwezi zintlupheko ezikhankanywe apha ngentla, izinto eziqhelekileyo kwezi zi-mitral valve prolapse (PMC). Le ngxaki ibonakaliswe njenge-gulfle ye-1 okanye zombini iipavini zeli valve, kwicala lentliziyo yegumbi elikufuphi nakumaziko. Ngokutsho kwe-medstatistics, le ngxaki iyenzeka malunga nama-6-18% wabantwana babo bonke ubudala, kuquka nabantwana abatsha. Ngelo xesha, amantombazana abanjwe kwesi sifo izikhathi ezili-2-3 ngokuphindaphindiweyo.

Njengomgaqo, ukuphuhliswa kwe-PMP eyimfuneko kubangelwa ukungaphantsi kwezinto ezixhumeneyo zetyhubhu ngokwayo, ukubonakala kwezinto ezincinci kwi-valvular apparatus.

Ifom yesibili yesifo ivela ngenxa yokuphuhliswa kwezifo ezizalwe zizifo ezixhamlayo. Kule meko, kukho ukuqokelela okubizwa ngokuba yi-acid mucopolysaccharides ngqo kwi-stroma ye-valve ngokwayo. Ngezifo ezinjalo zesimo senhliziyo, njenge-rheumatism, i-endocarditis engaphiliyo, i-card-non-rheumatic carditis, i-prolapse ingavela njengengxaki.

Vula iwindi le-oval (OOO)

Olu hlobo lwesifo luyimbangela yokukrokra kwe-systolic entliziyweni yomntwana. Eyona nto ibonakaliswe ngobungakanani besiteshi esifutshane phakathi kwe-atrium engakwesobunxele nekhohlo, ehlanganiswa yi-valve ekhoyo kwi-atrium ekhohlo. Ngenxa yokuphulwa okunjalo, ukukhutshwa kwegazi kwenzeka kuphela kwicala elinye - ukusuka kwesokudla ukuya kwesobunxele.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwesi sitishi kubangelwa i-valve kunye nesahlulo sesibini. Ngenxa yoko, imbobo yenziwa kwindawo yefestile. Ngokweemeko eziqhelekileyo, iwindi le-oval livame ukuvala ixesha eliphakathi kweenyanga ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-12 emva kokuzalwa. Nangona kunjalo, olu hlobo oluhle lokuphucula emva kokubeleka kwenkqubo ye-cardiovascular does not occur in all people. Ngokubhaliweyo ngabalobi abahlukeneyo, iwindi le-oval lihlala livulekile kwi-20-40% (ngokulinganayo-ku-25-30%) yabantu abaneminyaka yobudala.