Wonke umntu unokuzihlalutya ngama-parasites, kodwa ngokukodwa abantwana bayabandezeleka kubo, kwaye kwixesha lasehlotyeni umngcipheko omkhulu kakhulu. Iibhokhwe zineentlobo ezahlukeneyo, kodwa zonke zinempembelelo embi kwimpilo. Abazali kufuneka bazi ukuba ziphi iimpompo kubantwana - iimpawu kunye nokunyangwa kwesi sifo njenge-helminthiasis, siya kuqwalasela.
Iintlobo zezibungu kubantu
Kwiplanethi yethu kukho iibhokhwe ezili-12000 (nazo zibizwa ngokuba yi-helminths). Bahlala kumhlaba, ukutya kunye nezilwanyana, ngelixa umzimba womntu ungaphila malunga no-200 iintlobo. Ama-parasites kufuneka ahlale enomthi kwaye ahlala ekhetha iintsana zabo kwindawo yabo yokuhlala. Xa umntwana efunda ihlabathi, uthanda yonke into ekhoyo, ngoko uhlala esengozini.
Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zeempethu kubantwana zi-neematodes okanye i-roundworms. Ezi ziquka:
- Ascaris - isizathu ascariasis. IiHelminths zikhulu kwaye zinokufikelela ubude obungama-40 cm. Zixhaphaza i-tractitis and intestine.
- I-Pinworms- imbangela ye-enterobiosis. Iifomo zincinci (ngaphantsi kwe-1 cm ubude) kwaye zibomvu zibala. Ezi zi-helminths zihlala kubantwana kwi-cecum okanye emathunjini amancinci. Ujikelezo lwabo lobomi lufikelela kwiiveki ezi-4.
- I-Cestodoza iibhande ezinobumba eziphambene nezigulane eziphazamisa emathunjini kunye namaziko athile. I-Helminthes kubangela izifo ezinjengezithunzi, i-echinococcosis, i-hymenolepiasis, i-tenierhinchiasis kunye ne-diphyllobothriasis.
- I-Trematodoses iimbongolo ezinobumba okanye i-trematodes. Ezi ziquka i-cat's fluke, leucochloridium paradoxical, schistosome. Iipasasiti zivusa izifo ezifana ne-fascioliasis kunye ne-opisthorchiasis.
Izindlela zokusuleleka kwiimbungu
Ngokutsho kweenombolo zezobugqirha ezisemthethweni, iimbongolo kubantwana abaneminyaka engaphantsi kwe-2 ubudala kunye nabantwana abasenkulanga abantwana abaya kumaziko emfundo bafumaneka kwi-80% yamatyala. La manani asemthethweni abhalisiwe kunye nabantwana abafumana uviwo lwebhoratri. I-Helminths isebenzisa zonke iindlela zokungena emzimbeni womntu. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zentsholongwane zi:
- izandla ezingcolileyo okanye unxibelelwano nezilwanyana ezisulelekileyo;
- iziqhamo okanye imifuno ehlambulukanga kakuhle;
- amanzi a luhlaza;
- intlanzi okanye inyama.
Ungaqonda njani ukuba umntwana unemiphefumlo?
Ukuze uphendule umbuzo malunga naziphi iimpompo kubantwana (iimpawu kunye nonyango zinqunywe yizilwanyana ze-helminths), kuyimfuneko ukwazi indlela ukusuleleka ngayo kwaye isiphi isitho sangaphakathi i-parasites ewile. Ngokuqhelekileyo ababonisi ngokwabo naluphi na uhlobo, kwaye eso sifo siqhubeka ngendlela efihlakeleyo, ngoko ugqirha akakwazi ukuhlala echaza ukuba khona kwabo. I-Helminths ihlala emzimbeni womntu iminyaka kunye namashumi eminyaka, zivumelanisa nezimo ezingathandekiyo.
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zeebhudla kubantwana zingaba ngale ndlela:
- isicaphulelo ekuseni;
- ukutshiza;
- intloko;
- i-bruxism - kukudalwa kwamazinyo ephupheni;
- salivation ebusuku;
- ukungcola;
- iipolisi kwimpumlo;
- ukuvuvukala kwezitho zangasese;
- ubuhlungu bexesha elijikelezayo kwintonga;
- iigusha zezimvu, isifo sohudo, okanye ukumbanjwa;
- kunciphisa ukutya;
- kuphazamiseka kwesikhumba.
Ukuba ufumana ngaphezu kwezihlanu kwezi zibonakaliso kumntwana wakho, kuyafaneleka ukubonisa ukuhlasela kwe-helminthic. Umntu ngamnye unokuba ngumphathiswa wee-helminths ezahlukileyo, ezithintela emzimbeni kwaye zikhokelela ekuxhatshazweni kunye nezifo ezinzulu. Xa ama-parasites esebenzayo, imiqondiso ingatshintsha. Xa ukrokrela iimpompo kubantwana, iimpawu zingabonakalisa kwiimpawu zangaphandle:
- "Izibhunqa" (iinqwelo) ezinqeni okanye eziphambili;
- izibhamu kunye nezibonda phantsi kwamehlo;
- kudala;
- ukungabikho komzimba;
- izipikili ezibuhlungu kunye neenwele;
- ukukhubazeka kokukhula;
- impendulo.
Iifom kubantwana ziyakuchaphazela inkqubo yeentlanzi:
- abantwana bayacaphuka;
- kuncitshiswe ingqwalaselo;
- ukulahleka kwee-assiduity;
- ubuthongo obuphazamisayo.
Zibukeka njani iimbongolo kumntwana?
Ngokuqhelekileyo abazali abancinci banomdla kumbuzo wendlela yokufumanisa iimpethu emanzini omntwana. Enyanisweni, phawula kwiimfesane zezingane zingaba ziimbongolo ezinkulu kuphela. Izidumbu ziphuma emzimbeni ngamacangca, apho kukho abantu abambalwa kuphela. Ukuba ubona ukungcola kwamanye amazwe, kungcono ukubonisana neengcali kunye nokuvavanya ukuba ungabandakanyi ubukho bezilwanyana.
Uhlalutya iimbungu kubantwana
Xa abazali bekrokrela iimpethu kubantwana, iimpawu kunye nonyango kuxhomekeke kwisigaba sesifo. Ukuze ufumane isigxina, kufuneka uthabathe umntwana wakho kwi-gastroenterologist okanye kwizonyango. Ugqirha wenza uviwo oluphambili kwaye ukhetha uphando, olubandakanya:
- i-enzyme immunoassay - inceda ukuqaphela iintlobo zezidumbu kunye nokuba khona kwayo, kuba lo mntwana uthatha igazi kwiimvini kwisisu esingenanto;
- ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngenxa ye-helminths kumntwana - izikhombisi eziphambili zi: inani le- eosinophil , ubukho be-anemia kunye nesicatshulwa sombala;
- ukutshiza, ukunyuka kwi-enterobiosis - ithathwe kwi-anus;
- Uhlalutyo oluqhelekileyo lwamaqanda amaqanda kunye ne-dysbiosis - lwenziwa kwizigaba ezi-3, kuba ezinye iintlobo zeebhumbane azibeki amaqanda rhoqo;
- i-tomography, i-radiography okanye uvavanyo lwe-ultrasound-lwenziwe ukuze kuhlolwe ubukho beempethu emzimbeni womntu.
Iimbungu zeemvana - yintoni enokuyenza?
Emva kokuba ukuxilongwa kuqinisekiswe, ugqirha ubeka unyango lwabantwana, iziyobisi kufuneka zilungiswe ngokugqithiseleyo nogqirha), lithetha malunga nezindlela zabantu kunye neemveliso ezifanele ukuzisebenzisa ukuze ziphinde zifumaneke ngokukhawuleza. Abazali bafanele bazi ukuba abanako ukunika amayeza abantwana babo kuphela, kuba oku kungakhokelela kwimiphumo engapheliyo kwaye kwandise imeko yomntwana.
Ukuba ungazi indlela yokulahla iimbungu kubantwana, xubusha ingcali onokukuxelela amanqanaba amaninzi okwelapha. Ziquka:
- Ukulungiswa komzimba - kulo mzekelo, bhala izilwanyana (Smecta, Enterignin) kunye nama-antihistamines (Diazolin, Suprastin);
- unyango lwe-anthelmintic - amalungiselelo endala ukusuka kuma-parasites, anokuthi abe ngohlobo lwamacwecwe, i-suppositories okanye ukumiswa;
- ukuhlanjululwa komzimba - i-enemas, i-choleretic amalungiselelo okanye i-sorbents.
Ukunyangwa kweempethu kubantwana kuqhutyelwa ekhaya, ukuba akukho zixazululo ngendlela yezilonda ezithathelwanayo. Ngexesha lonke umntwana kufuneka alandele ukutya okukhethekileyo. Emva kwekhosi yokuqala yeyeza, umntwana uphinde ahlalutye kunye neemvavanyo. Ukuba baphinde babonise ubukho beepasisiti emzimbeni, ke iziyobisi zimiselwe kwakhona.
Iipilisi ezivela kwiimbungu kubantwana
Okwangoku, kukho izidakamizwa ezininzi ezinceda ukulahla i-helminths. Zifumaneka kwiipilisi kwaye zenzelwe abantwana. Amalungiselelo asebenzayo kwiimpompo kubantwana:
- IKombantrin okanye iHelmintox;
- I-Wormil okanye i-Albendazole;
- IVermox okanye iMebendazole.
Ukumiswa kwiimbungu zabantwana
Ukuba umntwana wakho usemncinci kwaye akanako ukusela amacwecwe, ukuxinwa ngokukodwa okuza kusebenza kuye. Iziyobisi eziphambili kakhulu:
- I-Piperazine liyeza iifom zebantwana, ezichaphazelayo zombini izibungu kunye namaqanda;
- I-Pirantel - isicatshulwa sithathwa ngekhosi ngekhefu ezimbini.
Izilwanyana zezilwanyana zeempethu kubantwana
Ngokuncedwa ngamayeza emveli, awukwazi ukukrazula ngokupheleleyo iipasitites, kodwa unako ukukhusela kwaye ukhawuleze unyango. Isixa semibhobho yabantwana kufuneka sithathwe ngokucophelela kwaye kuphela ngemvume kadokotela. Imveliso eyaziwayo kakhulu:
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- imbewu yamatope;
- ijusi yeerrotti;
- ioli;
- ukutshiswa kwe-celandine nomhlonyane okanye i-tansy.
Ukuthintela iintsana ezinabantwana
Bonke abazali bafanele bazi ukuba iipilisi ezivela kwiimpompo kubantwana zokhuseleko zinganikwa ukudala i-microflora ekhethekileyo, apho i-helminths ayikwazi khona.
Ukuze kungenakusuleleka ngama-parasites, kuyimfuneko:
- Qaphela imithetho yokucoceka kobuqu.
- Geza izandla ngeesepha emva kwendlu yangasese uze uhambe.
- Ukulwa neempukane.
- Jonga ucoceko lwabalandeli kunye neetys.
- Ukwenza intsimbi kunye neelinen.
- Qaphela ngokufanelekileyo ukutya.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yengane, kukho ukumahluko kwiprophylaxis yezibungu kubantwana , iziyobisi ziqala ukunika kuphela emva kweenyanga ezintandathu. Kungaba:
- Nempilo;
- Mebex;
- Combantrin.