Iintsana ezisanda kubeleka - iingcebiso
Iingcebiso zokuncelisa ziza kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukunyusa okusemgangathweni komntwana. Ngenxa yoko, kuyafaneleka ukufunda ezinye iingcebiso:
- sebenzisa umntwana kwisifuba emva kokubeleka;
- Musa ukumondla kwibhotile ade umntwana asetyenziswe ukuthatha ingono;
- umnike umntwana isifuba, ngokukhawuleza xa ecela, makangadli nje ngokuthanda kwakhe;
- Musa ukufaka ibhotile ebusuku.
Iingcebiso zokuncelisa iintsasa kwiintsuku zokuqala
Emva kokubeleka, unina ulala. Ngeyure yokuqala emva kokubonakala komntwana, qalisa ukondla. Ubisi livela kwiintsuku eziyi-3-4. Xa sele uqalile ukusela, iingcebiso malunga nokuphunyezwa kwayo ziya kunika ugqirha, kodwa iziphakamiso eziqhelekileyo zezi:
- Musa ukugqithisa isifuba sakho, ungaphuzi ixabiso elininzi lomlambo;
- ukondla i-gland yamathambo. Ukuba umqhubi uyaqhubeka nokulimaza, ke ubonise ubisi.
Ukuncelisa
Abazali bexesha elizayo baya kuzuza kwiluhlu lweengcebiso malunga nesondlo sokuncelisa, inqaku labamama abahlengikazi lilandelayo:
- Ukubeletha nge-laarean okanye ukubeka umntwana kwisifuba ngaphaya kweyure yokuqala emva kokuzalwa, kukhupha ukulibaziseka kwimeko yobisi.
- Xa sele uqalile ukuncelisa, isiluleko somfazi osondezayo sancitshiswa ukuba sithathwe ngokuchanekileyo kwengxowa yintsana ngexesha lesicelo sokuqala (oku kuya kusindisa ibhokhwe kwiintluko kunye nokuvakalelwa koluhlungu kwixesha elizayo lokutya).
- Awukwazi ukuthatha isifuba kakuhle, inkunzi yedwa, ngoko kufuneka uncede umntwana. Vula umlomo womntwana, cinezela kuye kufuphi, umlomo womntwana akufanele ube ngowona kuphela kwimbalo, kodwa ukukhupha i-areola.
Ukuncelisa - isiluleko sokuncelisa unina, ukutya
Ukutya komama osondeza umntwana osandulweyo akufanele kunyuswe ngokukrakra. Musa ukulala nendlala, kufuneka udle ukutya okutsha kunye nokuphilileyo. Iimveliso ezifakwe kwisondlo somama onesihlengikazi, zahlula zibe ziincinci ezincinane kwaye zidla amaxesha amaninzi ngosuku. Cinga ukutya kwakho kwaye udle ngokwomnqweno wakho, soloko unento into ekhoyo yokutya.
Ukutya komama ongumhlengikazi
Ukutya kokuqala umntwana afumanayo ubisi lwebele. Ngako oko, ukondla komama onesihlengikazi ngenyanga yokuqala kufuneka kukhethwe ngokucokisekileyo, umzekelo:
- ukusela iililitha ezingama-2.5 zamanzi, phantse yonke into iya ku-lactation;
- udle i-300-350 g yeziqhamo kunye namajikijolo ngosuku (nayiphi na intlobo, ngaphandle kokungaqhelekanga);
- yongeza intlanzi yokutya (hake, ikhodi), isonka se-rye, okusanhlamvu (i-millet, i-buckwheat, i-oats), iimveliso zobisi, i-stews / i-meat boiled, ibhotela (i-sunflower, i-corn 15 g / imini, i-cream g / ngosuku), i-pasta (kwiintlobo ezinzima);
- imifuno (izaqathe, iibhothiti, ithanga) - 450 g / ngosuku kwifom ekhusiweyo okanye ephekwe;
- i-marshmallow, i-pastille (kwizithako zendalo) 1-2 ngamaxesha ngeveki kwiincinci ezincinci.
Kwiinyanga ezi-2-6 zobomi, umntwana unako ukudibanisa iimveliso ezintsha kwaye unciphise kancane inani elivunyelwe ngaphambili:
- Kuyavunyelwa ukunciphisa inani lezityalo eziluhlaza kunye nemifuno (ngexesha lexesha), yongeza ukutya okubilisiwe, i-anyanisi etsha;
- inyama (umvundla, inkukhu, i-veal)
- Yidla i-borsch ephilileyo, apho igqoke kwiitamatisi ezincatshisiweyo okanye i-tomato juice;
- Amantongomane (ngaphandle kwama-pistachios, amantonga);
- iziphuzo ziselo, iziselo zendalo;
- ubusi, i-jam kwi-apula okanye i-cherries;
- Iziqholo (i-mint, i-lemon balm, i-basil, i-thyme).
Ukususela kwinyanga yesithandathu yobomi bentsana kwaye kuze kube ngumnyaka iimveliso ezinjalo zivunyelwe kwisamba esilinganiselweyo:
- fried, kodwa kungekhona izitya ezigcobileyo;
- ubisi lweenkomo, amaqanda, i-soy, iimveliso eziqukethe i-gluten;
- I-tshokoleta, iziqhamo eziqhelekileyo (nganye isetyenziswe ngokucophelela, enye ngeveki), iivenkile zaselwandle, igalikhi. Ukuzama ukutya okutsha kukuhle ekuseni.
Kwiinyanga ezintandathu ezizayo okanye unyaka, musa ukunyanzelisa iingcebiso ezinikeziwe ngaphambili. Ukutya oku ngasentla kuqulethe ukutya okuya kunceda ukuba ungagcini nje emva kokuzala kwaye ube nempilo enempilo, ngoko uya kumnika umntwana izinto eziyimfuneko ekuphuhliseni nasekukhuleni. Ukususela kumzuzwana wokukhulelwa kubalulekile ukuba ungabandakanyi i-soda, i-salting, ukutshaya, isobho, ukutya okusemathinini.
Isondlo sokutya
Umama wokubeleka kufuneka akhumbule ukuba ukutya "ukulahleka kwesisindo" okanye ukutya ezimbini akufanele kube. Isisombululo esihle kukuba uqale ukutya ngokufanelekileyo. Ukutya ngexesha lokuncelisa ilanga kufuneka liqule iipramamidi zezinto ezibalulekileyo: iiprotheni, amafutha, i-carbohydrates. Thatha okungenani amaxesha amane ngosuku, ukutya okutshisayo kudla amaxesha ama-2 ngosuku, ukutshintsha kunye nokutya okulula.
Ukutya kwe-Hypoallergenic kubamama abancinci kubonisa ukungabikho kwisondlo (kwiinyanga ezi-2-3) zeemveliso ezibangele ukhathazeka komzali. Xa udibanisa ukutya okutsha, hlalutya umntwana: uhlaselo, utshintsho kwi "stool" lubonisa indlela enokumelana ngayo. Ukusebenzisa isilingo (kunye nemveliso emitsha) ukuncelisa, zonke iingcebiso kumama onesiko akufanele zinyanzeliswe. Ukuze uqiniseke ngempendulo engalunganga, faka imveliso entsha ekudleni kwinyanga.
Iingxaki zokuncelisa
Ukuba ulandela yonke imithetho (gcina isifuba sakho eshushu, yenza ukupompa), kufuneka ufumane ingundoqo yengxaki, kwaye uqaphele ukuba kungani umongikazi ongenamanzi. Kukho izizathu ezintathu kule meko: i-lactostasis, i-mastitis okanye i-hypogalactia. Iingxaki zokuncelisa kumama akufanele zibe yisizathu sokukhupha umntwana esesifubeni.
Ukuxhamla ubisi kunokwenzeka emva kwezinsuku ezi-2-6 emva kokuzalwa. I-Lactostasis iqala ngenxa yokulibaziseka ekugqibeleni isifuba. Kule ndlela kucetyiswa ukuba:
- ugcine umfudumala ufudumele;
- ukuyihlalisa ngexesha lokusondeza kwiingono;
- i-decant of reins of milk emva kokutya;
- ukubeka imfudumalo ebushushu.
I-Mastitis - ukugubungela kwidayi yobisi. Ukugula kubangela ukubonakala kweqondo lokushisa, isifuba siqinisa. Ukuba usihlalo womntwana omncinci ufumene umbala oluhlaza kunye nevumba elimnandi, kucetyiswa ukuba umise ukunyusa. Ubisi bebuhlungu. Izindlela zokuthintela:
- ukucacisa ubisi (kuphela ipompu yebele!);
- ugqoke ibhokhwe ngaphandle kweepips;
- musa ukugqithisa isifuba.
I-Hypogalactia yinto engeyaneleyo yokuvelisa ubisi. Ngenxa yokungabikho kwemveliso, umntwana usenokungenangqondo. Esi sifo sizathu sokuba umntwana angayinaki ukuncelisa, ugqirha unokunika iingcebiso kumama onesiko. Uya kunika imveliso yezobisi (ikakhulukazi ukulungiselela izityalo), umisela ukutya kunye nokukhawuleza indlela yokubonisa ubisi.
Akukho ubisi emva kokunikezelwa - yintoni oyenzayo?
Ngamanye amaxesha ukutya okufunekayo kunyaka wokuqala wobomi bentsana bulahleka okwesikhashana ngenxa yokusebenza ngexesha lokubeletha. AmaMommies ayazibuza: "Ukuba akukho ubisi emva kokusasa, ndimele ndenze ntoni na?". Kunoko, kubonakala i-colostrum. Kwanele ukunika i-karapuzu isiqhelo esifanelekileyo sezondlo. Ingxaki yokutya ishukunyiswa yizinto ezininzi:
- ukungenakwenzeka kokuqala ukusebenzisa kwibele;
- umkhwa wengane kwintsimbi;
- ukufika kwebisi;
- i-anesthesia okanye i-antibiotics echazwe kumongikazi omanzi.
Emva kokusebenza, uya kunikwa umntwana. Qinisekisa ukondla kwiiyure eziyi-6 zokuqala ukubonakala kwayo, ngeli xesha, umsebenzi osondayo wengane uphezulu kakhulu. Ungamvumeli umntwana ukuba atyele kwi-ingono ngaphambi kokuba afakwe kwi-ingono, ngoko kuya kuba nzima kuye ukutshintshela kwibele. Ncedisa umntwana: uqonde isifuba kufuphi ne-halo uze uzame ukubeka ingono emlonyeni womntwana.
Akukho ubisi ngokwaneleyo yokuncelisa
Umqathango apho umntwana osandul 'ukuzalwa engenakondla ubizwa ngokuba yi-hypogalactia. Ungaqonda njani ukuba umntwana akanalo ubisi obaneleyo? Qinisekisa oku kuya kunceda imeko yengane:
- i-karapuz ayilali ekupheleni kokutya, kodwa ijika kwaye ibonisa ukunganeliseki;
- uvuka ngaphambi kwexesha elimisiweyo lokutya;
- Kukhona isihlalo "esilambayo" esinqabileyo, esicacile ekuhambeni, ekumnyama.
Ngokuqhelekileyo unokuva umbuzo wabazali, apho isihloko sokuncelisa kuncelisayo kuphakama, zonke iingcebiso kumama onesiko ziyancitshiswa zibe zilula, zifikeleleke kwaye ziphumelele:
- ukulala ngenxa yeeyure ezimbalwa kufuphi nomntwana;
- kunika umntwana isifuba ngasinye seemfuno zakhe, kuba engancinci idla, kunzima ngakumbi ukugcina i-lactation;
- ukuhlambalaza umgca: yonke imizuzu engama-7-10, ubisi obunxantisayo, emva koko-qhubeka nokukhuthaza.
Umntwana wenqaba isifuba
Zininzi izinto ezinokuthi zisebenzise njengesisombululo sokungaphumeleli kwintsana ebantwini:
- ukusetyenziswa kweengono okanye i-pacifiers;
- Ukubamba okungalunganga kwimbumba;
- Ukwahlukana kobundlobongela kwintsana ebusweni okanye ukungahoyi umnqweno wakhe wokutya.
Oomama, abanomdla malunga nombuzo othi "wenzeni ukuba umntwana angathathi isifuba?", Kufuneka uhlalise phantsi kwaye uqonde ukuba kukho iindlela ezininzi ezinokukunceda uzive uxhamlwano nosana ngakumbi, ngoko lukhupha ngokubambisana ngokuzithandela kwi-ingono:
- bahlala begqoka umntwana kwiingalo zakhe okanye kwi-sling;
- Musa ukudlulisa imbuzi ezandleni zabangamaziyo, ngokungaqhelekanga unike izihlobo;
- Qinisekisa ukuba umntwana uqhagamshelana nolusu lwakhe;
- uthathe ibhagi edibeneyo kunye nesifuba esivulekile xa umntwana ethanda iinkqubo zamanzi;
- ukulala nomntwana, ngakumbi ebusuku.
Iingcebiso ze-WHO malunga nokuncelisa
I-World Health Organization ijolise ukudala uluntu oluphilileyo. Imithetho yokuncelisa kwiingcebiso ze-WHO iya kuqinisekisa ukubonelelwa ngokufanelekileyo kokutya kwintsana, ngokufutshane njengoko kunokwenzeka kunina. Imithetho eyisiseko evela kumbutho wezempilo:
- ukwenza isicelo sokuqala emva kweyure emva kokunikezelwa;
- ube kunye nosana kwelinye iwadi;
- unondle umntwana kwisicelo sakhe sokuqala, ngaphandle kokuthabatha umntwana ususwe ngokwakhe;
- Ungamniki umntwana nawuphi na umbane ngaphandle kobisi lwebele;
- ukulahla iingono kunye neebhotile;
- uncelise kude umntwana aguquke iminyaka eyi-1.5-3 ubudala.
Ukusebenzisa imiyalelo elula, nawuphi na umama uya kubeleka ngokuchanekileyo, ngelixa ephepha, ngexesha elifanayo, umonakalo owenzekayo kwiinkiphu kunye nokugxotha. Kwimithetho jikelele, yongeza eminye eminye: musa ukwenza ikhefu elikhulu phakathi kwezicelo, imini nobusuku, ngokuqhelekileyo ukunyusa ukuvelisa ubisi, rhoqo ukhangele ukuba umntwana uyagwinya ukutya.