Ukufumana isivuno esihle sotamatisi, ukunakekelwa kwezityalo kubaluleke kakhulu. Oku kunisela, kunye ne-pasynkovanie, kunye nokuxubha umhlaba phantsi kweetamatati. Ndingathanda ukuthetha ngakumbi malunga nale nxalenye yokugqibela yokunyamekela.
Kutheni kululeka ukubaluleka?
Ukuxubusha - isimbozo somhlaba kunye nomgca we-mulch ovulekileyo okanye izinto ezahlukeneyo. Iyanciphisa kakhulu inani lokunkcenkceshela, kuba phantsi kwesi sigqubuthelo umhlaba ongeyomile nendawo eshushu. Ngaphantsi kwendwangu yamatyuwa, izimo ezifanelekileyo zidalwa ngenxa yezinto ezibalulekileyo zeempethu kunye nezinye izilwanyana ezinomhlaba ezondla kuyo. Ngaloo ndlela, umhlaba uphuhliswa ngeemfuno ezifunekayo kwizityalo, ezenza ukuba ukwanda kwezityalo ziveliswe.
Enye ifayili echaphazelekayo ye-mulching iitamatisi iyakhupha ukhula : i-mulch ekhuni ikhusela ukukhula kokhula lokhula.
Iintlobo ze-tomching
Ukuqhawulwa komhlaba kuya kuba neendlela ezahlukeneyo.
- Indlela elula yokutsala iitamatisi kukukhupha umhlaba emva kokunisela okanye imvula. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kuyenziwe phantse njalo: emva kokunkcenkceshela, umhlaba uhlanganiswe ngokugqithisa kunye nokuqhekeka, kwaye kufuneka ukhululeke kwakhona.
- Ngoku thola ukuba ungayifaka njani ityitye kwi-greenhouse. U-Ogorodniki, ehlala kufuphi nemimandla yehlathi, ukhetha i-mulching iitamatisi kwi-greenhouse kunye nenkunkuma yehlathi. Ukuqokelela i-mulch enjalo kunokubonakala ngathi iyingxaki, kodwa i-litter yehlathi iya kuzisa iitamatisi zakho ezininzi ezinobomi ezinobomi kunye nezilwanyana ezincinci, kwaye isalathisi sayo esezantsi i-humus, eya kuba isichumiso kwizityalo. Ukongezelela, i-litter yehlathi iyinqobo yokuthintela izifo kunye neentsholongwane zetamatato. Ukuqokelela oku kulungelelanisa kwi-coniferous okanye exubekileyo, apho ingca engakhuli phantsi kwemithi. Siphakamisa inxalenye ephezulu yecala kunye necangca lomhlaba malunga ne-5 cm. Le "galethi" kwaye igubuzele iitamatato kwi-greenhouse.
- Ukulumathisa utamatisi kunye nomsila yindlela efikeleleke ngakumbi, kwaye isimbozo esenziwe ngotshani sihlala sisigxina. IHay ivuselela ukhula ngakumbi, kodwa ngokukhawuleza ijika ibe yi-humus kwaye iba yichumbo kwizityalo. Kwakhona, umhlaba phantsi kweetamatato unokuthi udibaniswe ngoluhlu lwe-sawdust ukuya ku-15 cm ubukhulu. I-sawdust ebomvu ibonisa imisebe yelanga ekutshiseni, ithintela ukukhula kokhula kakuhle, kwaye inceda utamatisi ukuphepha izifo ezahlukahlukeneyo.
- Ngamanye amaxesha abalimi banomdla kulo: ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba i-mulch ityutye nge-sawdust? Ukuxubha iitamatisi ezinemihlathi emancinci, i-sawdust kunye neenkuni eziqoshiwe zixabana ngakumbi kunye nokhula, kwaye ngaphambi kokuzicima phantsi kweetatyhu, kuyimfuneko ukuba udibanise umthunzi onjalo kunye nomoya.
- Ukuphulukiswa kwezityalo kuthathwa njengombolk ku-humus kunye nomgquba, okhusela utamatisi kwizifo. Uluhlu lwe-3-5 cm luya kukwanela ukumisa i-spores yokhula emhlabeni. Nangona kunjalo, umquba usebenza ngokukhawuleza ngeempompo, ngoko kufuneka udibanise i-mulch.
- Ukulumathisa utamatisi ngotshani kufaka i-nitrogen emhlabathini kwaye igcina umswakama kakuhle. Kodwa udinga uninzi lwengca, njengoko ludla ngokukhawuleza kwaye luba lukhulu kumthamo. Eli thumbana limnyama ngombala, libuhlungu kakuhle kwaye lingafakwa nakwindla. Kwaye entwasahlobo ngokuthe ngqo kwiintlobo ezinjalo zokutshala izityalo.
- Ukuqhafaza iitamatati kunye nefilimu emnyama kunezo zombini kunye nee-minus. Umhlaba phantsi kwefilimu enjalo awuwomile nonke, kodwa i-humus ayikwazi ukufumaneka kuyo. Ngako oko, ngaphambi kokumboza iitamatato ngefilimu, kufuneka baqeshwe. Elanga, ifilimu iyatshisa kakhulu, kodwa ayikho
Inobungozi kwiitamatisi, njengoko ingavumeli ukukhanya, ayivumeli umhlaba ukufudumala kunye nokudala umthombo wokutsalwa kwamanzi. Ukungabikho kwefilimu kukuxakeka kwayo, kuba kusebenza ixesha elilodwa kuphela. - I-ruberoid yindlela ephikisanayo yokugubungela, inokusebenza iminyaka engama-4 ngaphandle kokufuna i-mulching eyongezelelweyo.
Njengoko uyakubona, kukho iindlela ezininzi zokutshatyalaliswa kweetamatisi, kodwa i-mulch efanelekileyo kakhulu isabucala. Ukuba likhulu ngokwaneleyo kwaye linomsoco, liya kuphefumula kakuhle kwaye likhusele utamatisi kwiintlobo zezilwanyana, bese uyisebenzisa, uya kufumana isivuno esihle seentatayi.