Iinkalo zokugonywa kwe-diphtheria kunye ne-tetanus
Ukususela ngo-1974 kwilizwe lethu, ukugonywa kwabemi malunga nezi zifo kuyimfuneko. Oku kwavunyelwa ukudala ukukhuselwa komzimba nokunciphisa umlinganiselo wesiganeko nge-90%.
Njengomthetho, okokuqala ngophando lwesigxathu (ukusuka kwi-diphtheria, i-tetanus kunye ne-pertussis kunye ne-injection eyodwa) ilawulwa kubantwana kwiinyanga ezi-3 ubudala, kwaye emva koko iphindwe kabini ngeenyanga zokugqibela. Kungekudala unyaka kamva, udokotela wezingane uya kukukhumbuza isitofu sesibini, kwaye akayi kuxhalaba malunga nale minyaka yonke emihlanu. Ukuzikhusela okukhuselekileyo kwizifo kuya kugcinwa iminyaka eyi-10, ngoko ke i-booster kufuneka iphindwe kwakhona. Ngenxa yokuba i-immunity yokuphila engapheliyo i-inoculation.
Iskimu esithile esahlukileyo sisebenza kubantwana besikolo abasesikolweni nabasakhulayo. Kule meko, ngokuqhubekayo kunye nekhefu ezimbini kwiinyanga zenza iijoke zokuqala ezimbini, kwaye emva kweenyanga ezintandathu emva kwesithathu.
Ziya kuphi na izitofu malunga ne-diphtheria ne-tetanus?
Injola yenziwe nge-intramuscularly: kumlenze okanye ngaphantsi kwegxeni, ngenxa yokuba kule ndawo iindawo zokugcina izicubu ezincinci, kwaye i-muscle ngokwayo isondele kakhulu. Kwakhona, ukhetho lwendawo luxhomekeke kwiminyaka yesigulane kunye nomzimba. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-crumbs kuze kube yiminyaka emithathu ekhulile emthangeni, kunye nabantwana abadala kwi-deltoid muscle, oko kukuthi, ngaphantsi kwegxala.
Iingxaki ezinokubakho kunye nokuchasene nokugonywa kwe-tetanus kunye ne-diphtheria
Izimpembelelo ezingalunganga kwi-vachtheria ne-tetanus azibonakali rhoqo, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha zikhona:
- ubomvu nokuvuvukala kwisayithi yokungena;
- bushushu;
- ukungaphumeleli komsebenzi wesondlo sesisu;
- kukho ukutshatyalaliswa okanye i-angioedema.
Ngokubhekisele kokuchasene. Kuvinjelwe ngokungqongqo ukugonya ngeli xesha lokugula, akukhuthazwa kwaye ngexesha lokunciphisa kwexesha lokunyanga. Kwakhona, isizathu sokunqanda kwi-injection sinokuba neengxaki kwinkqubo yeentlanzi, kunye nokuphendula okuthe ngqo kwinqanaba le-vaccine. Ngoko ke, ngaphambi kokuba uthumele umntwana kwigumbi lokugonywa, udokotela wezingane kufuneka aqiniseke ukuba umntwana unempilo kwaye igonyo ayiyi kuba nemiphumo emibi.