Ngethuba lokusukela ngoSeptemba ukuya kuMatshi, abazali abaninzi bajamelene nesidingo sokugonya umntwana ukusuka kwenye inkunkuma yesifo. Ngokwe-World Health Organisation, ukugonywa kukuphela kwendlela yokukhusela isifo kunye neengxaki zayo.
Ukuthintela umkhuhlane kubantwana
Ukongeza kwiigonti, kukho iindlela ezininzi zokukhusela umntwana usulelo. I- prophylaxis eyisiseko ye-influenza kunye ne-ARVI kubantwana iquka:
- ukuthobela imithetho yempilo;
- ukuchithwa kweendawo kwindawo ezininzi (i-kindergartens, izikolo);
- ukusetyenziswa kwezilwanyana ezincedisayo kunye neziyobisi ukuvuselela i-immune system;
- ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokukhusela.
Abanye abantwana banokwanela kwezi ndlela ukukhusela usulelo kwaye uqinisekise ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kokukhuseleka komzimba, kodwa into nganye inokungaphumeleli. Ukukhutshwa kwe-disinfection nokunamathela kwimigangatho yococeko kuboniswe ngokusebenza kakuhle - ukuhlamba izandla kunye nokuphathwa kwendawo kuya kuba neeyure eziyi-1.5-2 iiyure. Izinto zokusebenza zokukhusela (iimaski) kufuneka zigule, kwaye zingabantu abaphilileyo, kodwa abanye abakwenzi.
Ama-immunomodulators kunye neziyobisi zomshosha-mzimba yindlela eyingozi yokukhusela. Uninzi lweengxaki ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwonyaka sele sele zichasene nezidakamizwa, kwaye amanye amayeza (uKagocel, Arbidol, Ocillococcinum, i-Anaferon kunye nokunye) ayiluncedo ekuqaleni. Izidakamizwa ezithintekayo zonyango kufuneka zithathwe ixesha elide, kulo lonke ixesha leengqungquthela, elichaphazela kakhulu umzimba womntwana ngenxa yeziphumo ezibi kakhulu kunye nefuthe lala mayeza esibindi.
Ukugonywa kwe-Influenza kuneenzuzo ezibalulekileyo xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela zokuthintelwa:
- Ukusebenza okuphezulu (60-90% yabantwana abagulayo emva kokugonywa);
- ulawulo olulodwa okanye olubini lwe-drug;
- iindleko ezibiza.
Ngaba kufuneka ndifumane umkhuhlane udutshulwa kumntwana?
Ukugonywa ngentsholongwane yesifo sengculazi sesifo sengqondo sokuphefumula sisifo ngokuzithandela. Ingaba kunelungelo lokugonya umkhuhlane kumntwana, kwaye yintoni amayeza angayisebenzisa kulo, abazali banquma kuphela. Ukuba kukho nayiphi na ingqalelo malunga nokucetyiswa kokulawula isitofu kunye nokukhuselwa kwayo, kufuneka udibane nodokotela wezingane. Ukukhulelwa kubantwana ukuya kumkhuhlane akusisiqinisekiso sokukhuselwa ngu-100% ekukhuselweni. Ingane inokusuleleka ngexesha lobulwelwe, kodwa iya kuba neentlungu ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngaphandle kwemiphumo emibi.
Ngaba ndingakwazi ukufumana umkhuhlane wadutshulwa kumntwana?
Uninzi lwabantwana aluvunyelwe kuphela ukulawula isitofu, kodwa kuyacetyiswa kwakhona, ingakumbi ukuba batyelela indawo yokuhlanganiswa kwamathambo - i-kindergartens, amaqela okuphuhlisa okuqala, izikolo. Ukwenza isigqibo sokuba okanye ungagonyanga kumntwana, kuphela umbono webazali kunye nobudala bentsana (ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-6 ayikwazi ukuthathwa). Ngaphambi kokugonywa kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho zichaso:
- ukungabikho komzimba kwiprotheni yenkukhu;
- ixesha leesifo esiyingozi okanye ukunyuka kwesifo esingapheliyo;
- ukuchithwa kwamanqaku kunoma iyiphi na inxalenye yesilwayo;
- izixhobo zokuzikhusela ezingundoqo;
- neoplasms ezimbi;
- izilonda ze-systemic diffuse zezicubu ezinxibelelwano;
- ukunyanzelwa komzimba;
- izifo ezinzima ze-adrenal gland, inkqubo ye-nervous.
Ukugonywa kumkhuhlane kubantwana - kunye nokuchasene
Nayiphi na ugqirha ofanelekileyo uya kuqaphela ukuba ukugonywa kunamathuba amaninzi kunokuba kungonakali. Xa usenza isigqibo sokuba umntwana ufanele ugonywe kwi-influenza, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela izibonelelo zayo:
- ukhuseleko olupheleleyo, ingakumbi iziyobisi ezingenakwenziwa (ngaphandle kwintsholongwane ephilayo);
- ku sebenza kakuhle;
- isenzo esilula (iintsholongwane ziveliswa malunga nonyaka);
- ukhuselo oluchasene neengxaki zokugula;
- ukuvuselelwa kwe-immune system;
- enye injini.
Xa uphendula umbuzo ukuba ngaba umntwana kufuneka agonywe kwi-influenza, iziphene ze-gciwane kufuneka zifundwe kwakhona:
- ukugcinwa kwezilondolozo kunye nokulimala kwamakhemikhali (kwinqanaba elincinci);
- ubuhle bemiphumo emibi;
- umngcipheko wesifo esibomvu (xa usebenzisa iyeza elinesifo segciwane).
Ukuba umntwana unecala, okanye uncinci kakhulu lokugonywa, oogqirha bezingane bacebise ukusebenzisa icebo le "cocoon", elixhaphakileyo kumazwe athuthukile. Ingundoqo yendlela yokwethulwa kwegciwane kuwo onke amalungu entsapho kunye nomda osondeleyo womntwana (ama-nannies, abahambahambayo). Le ndlela ifanelekile kubantwana abangena kwiikolo, i-kindergartens kunye namaziko afanayo.
Umkhuhlane ugonywa njani?
Ukusetyenziswa kokugonywa kwenziwa ngokuhambelana nemimiselo emiselweyo. Ukugonywa kwabantwana malunga nomkhuhlane kuqhutyelwa kuphela kwiziko elizodwa - isikhungo se-immunological, iklinikhi yoluntu okanye yabucala. Ngamanye amaxesha umjovo wenziwa ekhaya, emva kokugqitywa kwesivumelwano kunye nommeli wezonyango oqinisekisiweyo malunga nokulawulwa komntwana. Akukhuthazwa ukuthenga izidakamizwa ngokwakho. Ugqirha anganqwenela ukusebenzisa le gonongo ngenxa yokungabikho kwesiqinisekiso sokugcina nokugcina.
Indlela yokulungiselela ukugonya umkhuhlane?
Imilinganiselo yokuqala yokuqala kokusungulwa kweziyobisi kubonisana nodokotela wezingane. I-Influenza ebantwini, nangona ifom elula, inokubangela iingxaki ezinzima, kwanokufa. Ugqirha kufuneka ahlolisise impilo yengane, qinisekisa ukuba ayikho impendulo yezilwanyana kwizithako zokugonya, ukuchasene nokusetyenziswa kwayo.
Ukuphendula ngokugonywa komkhuhlane kumntwana
Izidakamizwa zanamhla zivame ukuphazamisa iziphumo ezimbi. Ukugonywa komkhuhlane kubantwana kunokuhamba kunye nekhanda elincinci nelisizibuhlungu kwisiza sokungena. Ezi zimpawu zanyamalala emva kweentsuku ezingama-2-4 ngaphandle kweyeza elithile. Kwiimeko ezikhethekileyo, ukushisa okunyuka kakhulu emva kokugonywa kumkhuhlane kumntwana, ubuncinane obuthathaka okanye ukulala bubhalwa. Ezi ziqhamo zibhekwa njengeempendulo eziqhelekileyo zomzimba wokugonywa, ezihambelana nokusetyenziswa kwe-immune system.
Ukugonywa kwe-influenza - iingxaki
Abachasene nokugonywa bahlala bethetha ngemiphumo eyingozi. Izifundo ze-World Health Organisation kunye namanye amaziko aseburhulumenteni azichasene nala macala. Emva komgudu wokugonya umkhuhlane, umntwana akaze abe neengxaki xa le nkunkuma yayinomgangatho ofanelekileyo, ijojowe ngokuchanekileyo, kwaye umntwana akanakho ukuphikisana nokusetyenziswa kweyeza. Amayeza angasebenziyo akakwazi ukukhupha isifo. Inqabile kakhulu intsholongwane eyenzeka emva kokusetyenziswa kwesisombululo ngegciwane eliphilayo, kodwa eso sifo siphumela ngokukhawuleza nangendlela efle.
Ukhuselo lwe-Influenza - izihloko
Intsholongwane ishukunyiswa rhoqo, ngoko ke iinkampani zephrothekhi ngonyaka zivelisa iifom ezintsha zonyango. I-vaccine yanamhlanje echaphazelekayo yokulwa nomkhuhlane we-2017-2018 kubantwana i-Sowigripp. Iqulethe uhlobo olongezelelweyo lwe-H1N1 "eMichigan". Xa isicelo sabazali, esinye isitofu sokugonywa kwabantwana singasetyenziswa:
- Grippol;
- Influvac;
- Fluuarix;
- Agripa.