Isifo sikaCrohn sibhekisela kwizifo zesondlo sesisu. Ikwabizwa nangokuthi ingapheliyo emathunjini emlonyeni wesilonda, ngenxa yokuba ukuvuvukala kwenzeka emathunjini.
Ubume besifo luyinkimbinkimbi, kwaye oogqirha abazi kakuhle ngokupheleleyo iinkqubo ezibangela isifo sikaCrohn. Inxulumene neenkqubo ezizenzekelayo, okwangoku zifundiswa ngokunyanisekileyo kumayeza.
Ngesihlandlo sokuqala eso sifo sichazwa ngu-gastroenterologist waseMerika uBernard Krohn ngo-1932, okubangela isifo esingasigxina sesilonda se-intestinal kwaye sanikwa igama lesibini.
I-Pathogenesis yesifo sikaCrohn
Namhlanje, oogqirha bachaza izinto ezintathu ezikhulisa kakhulu amathuba okuphuhlisa isifo:
- yemfuza;
- sulela;
- immunological.
Ngoko, kwindawo yokuqala phakathi kwezona zinto ezibangela ukuba isifo sikaCrohn sisifo. Iingcali zenzululwazi ziqikelela ukuba kwi-17% yezigulane, izalamane zinezifo ezifanayo, kwaye oku kuthetha ukuba ithuba lokuphuhlisa isifo sikaCrohn sisanda ngenxa yokuzalwa. Kwakhona, inzululwazi iyazi ukuba omnye wabazalwana ufumene le ntsholongwane, kuthetha ukuba kuya kuvela okwesibini.
Indima yesifo esithathelwanayo ayiqinisekisile namhlanje, kodwa oku akuthinteli ukucinga ukuba intsholongwane ye-virus okanye ibhaktheriya ikhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kwesifo sika-Crohn (ngokukodwa, i-pseudotuberculosis bactteria).
Inyaniso yokuba izitho zesifo sikaCrohn zichaphazeleka ngokusesikweni ukuba zithintela izazinzulu kwiingcamango zokuthi le ntsholongwane ibangelwa yimigaqo-nkqubo. Izigulane zihlolwe ziyi-T-lymphocytes count, kunye ne-antibodies e-E. coli. Kungenzeka ukuba oku akusiyo imbangela yesifo, kodwa umphumo womzabalazo wendalo kunye nesifo.
Izibonakaliso zezifo ze-Crohn kuBadala
Izibonakaliso zesifo sikaCrohn zixhomekeke kwisimo sesifo kunye nobude besifo. Inyaniso kukuba esi sifo sinokuchaphazela yonke indlela yokugaya, ukususela kwisigidi somlomo nokuphela kwesisu. Ukuqwalasela ukuba intlungu ihlala ichaphazelekayo, iimpawu ziyakwazi ukwahlukana zibe ziqhelekileyo kunye nezibilini.
Izimpawu eziqhelekileyo zezifo zikaCrohn ziquka:
- buthathaka;
- ukukhathala;
- ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu.
Izibonakaliso zamathumbu zesifo sikaCrohn:
- isifo sohudo;
- intlungu, echukumisa i-appendicitis;
- isicefe
- ukuhlanza;
- i-anorexia;
- ukulahleka kwesisindo;
- kutyalwa kwe matumbo.
Isifo sikaCrohn sinokuchaphazela ezinye izitho kunye neenkqubo:
- iimpawu zamehlo - conjunctivitis, uveitis, keratitis;
- iimpawu ze-articular - i-spondylitis engavaliyo, i-monoarthritis;
- iimpawu zomlomo - stomatitis;
- iimpawu zesikhumba - i-angiitis, i-erythema;
- iimpawu ezinobungozi - i-dystrophy yesibindi, i-cirrhosis;
- iimpawu ze-renal - i- cystitis , i-pyelonephritis, i-hydronephrosis, i-nephrolithiasis, i-amyloidosis yeentso.
Isifo sikaCrohn sihamba kunye neengxaki ezilandelayo:
- ukubonakala kwe-fistula yangaphakathi, ukugqithiswa kwesilonda , i-peritonitis;
- Izibilini ezikhokelela ekuqhekekeni kweesisu zingakhokelela ekunciphiseni i-lumen kwaye kubangele ukuvinjelwa kwamathumbu emathunjini;
- ngenxa yezilonda, ukuphuma kwamanzi kungabonakaliswa;
- ngenxa ye-fistula, izitho zangaphakathi zinokusuleleka ngosuleleko-isisu, isisu.
Ezi nkxalabo zigqitywa kuluntu kwaye zipheliswa yindlela efanelekileyo.
Kude kube nini ukuxhatshazwa kwesifo sikaCrohn kuphelile?
Ngokuxhomekeke kumfanekiso ngamnye wesifo, ubukho beengxaki kunye nokukwazi komzimba ukuphelisa ukuvutha, isifo sikaCrohn sinokuhlala
Isalathiso sesifo sikaCrohn
Nangona kunjalo kwiimeko ezininzi zokuhlala ubomi ziqhelekileyo kwizigulane ezineesifo sikaCrohn, kodwa ke, izinga lokufa kweli candelo labantu lidlula umlinganiselo ngamaxesha ama-2 xa kuthelekiswa noluntu oluqhelekileyo.
Ukuxilongwa kwesifo sikaCrohn
Zininzi iindlela ezisetyenziselwa ukuxilonga isifo sikaCrohn:
- endoscopy;
- vavanyo lwegazi;
- X-ray;
- Ultrasound;
- i-tomography.