Ukusuleleka ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo yisifo esingasigwenywa, ngoko kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba iHIV iyadluliselwa njani. Izindlela zokusuleleka kwaye, ngokufanelekileyo, indlela iHIV isasazeka ngayo, iyaziwa ixesha elide kunye noogqirha abanokungabaza malunga nendlela yokusasazeka kwesi sifo. Oku kuya kwenzeka xa igazi, izifihla zesisu okanye i-sperm zingena egazini ngokuthe ngqo, mhlawumbi ngeembrane okanye kumama osuleleke kumntwana e-utero, ngexesha lokubeletha okanye ukuncelisa. Azikho ezinye iindlela zokusuleleka ezirekhodiweyo kude kube ngoku.
Usulelo lweHIV
Ngokwezibalo, zonke iimeko ezibhalisiweyo zentsholongwane kwihlabathi zihanjiswa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- 70-80% - ngeendlela zesondo;
- 5-10% - iziyobisi ezingenayo;
- 5-10% - kumntwana ovela kumama okhulelweyo okanye onomntwana;
- Ukuxilongwa kwegazi le-3-5%;
- 0,01% - isifo sengqesho sabasebenzi bezempilo.
Kwimihlaba eyahlukeneyo kunye nemimandla eyahlukeneyo yokusulela intsholongwane kunye nendlela i-HIV idluliselwa ngayo, ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesini kunye nabantu abanesifo, kwindawo ethile yongqingili okanye injecting, iyaxhaphaka.
Ingozi yokusuleleka
Ukwazi, ngokudluliselwa kwe-HIV, kunokwenzeka ukunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo. Ngokomzekelo, ipesenteji ephakamileyo yokusasazeka kwentsholongwane iyenzeka ekudibaniseleni ngokwesondo olungenasondlo kunye nesifo se-HIV okanye isigulane sikaGawulayo. Oko kukuthi, ngabantu abaninzi abantu baya kulala ngesondo, ukuphakama kunokwenzeka ukuba ekugqibeleni uya ku suleleka, kuba i-HIV iyadluliselwa ngobudoda. Kude kuphele loo minyaka xa abantu bebengayazi ukuba i-HIV idluliselwa ngesondo. Okwangoku, phantse wonk 'ubani uyazi ukuba kunye nomthwali wesifo sengculaza, unxibelelwano olulodwa lwesondo luyakwanela ukusulela i-HIV emzimbeni: ukusuka kwindoda ukuya kumfazi, ukusuka kumntu ukuya kumntu, ukusuka kumfazi ukuya kumntu, okanye kumfazi ukuya kumfazi.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, nangona siyazi ukuba yeyiphi indlela i-HIV isatshatyalaliswa ngayo, siyalibala ukuba unokusuleleka ngexesha lolawulo olupheleleyo. Umzekelo, ukuba kwindlela yokusebenzisa i-tattoo ayilona sixhobo sesikhathi esisodwa, akukho zithintelo zokungena emzimbeni wakho kwi-HIV.
Intsholongwane kaGawulayo idluliselwa ngomlomo, ukuba kukho ukukhutshwa kwamadoda okanye amabhinqa emlonyeni womlomo, kodwa akukho mfuneko yokwesaba ukuba uya kukwazi ukungena emzimbeni ngokubanga. Enyanisweni, abaninzi banomdla ukuba ngaba i-HIV idluliselwa ngendlela yendlu, ngexesha loqhagamshelwano lwesikhumba, ngamaconsi okanye ngama-insects. Umngcipheko wokusuleleka ootitshala abanjalo abakho. Ungesabi ukuhlala kwipropati enye kunye nomthwali wesifo, intsholongwane ayikwazi ukuba khona, ukuba isigulane sikhohlela okanye sneezes, asikho isidingo sokusebenzisa isitya esihlukileyo okanye uhlambulule ngokwahlukileyo iimpahla kunye neempahla zomntu ogulayo. Ukusebenzisa ngokukhawuleza ibumbi elibiweyo, indlu yangasese okanye ibhafu. INTSHOLONGWANE KAGAWULAYO ayidluliswanga ngendlala, njengoko iqulethwe kuphela kwisidoda, igazi, ubisi lwebele kunye nokukhulelwa kwamanzi.
Indlela yokuphepha ukusuleleka
Inani labantu abaninzi liqaphele iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zonyango, kuba abazi ukuba iHIV iyadluliselwa njani. Kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba umngcipheko awukho ngokupheleleyo xa ugcina imigaqo eqhelekileyo yokucoceka:
- sebenzisa izixhobo zonyango olulodwa;
- ngokucokisekileyo ukubethelela izixhobo;
- xa igazi okanye i-plasma igxininiswa, nikela igazi lakho;
- ngokufanelekileyo ukulungiselela iimveliso zegazi ezingasebenzi.
Kufuneka kwakhona kuqaphele ukuba okwangoku iindlela ezithembekileyo zokukhusela ngexesha loqhagamshelwano lwezesondo kunye ne-HIV lukhuselwe ikhondom.