Phantse 2-3% yeintsana emhlabeni wonke kufuneka uncedo lwezilonda kwiinyanga ezili-12 zokuqala. Abanye abantwana baxilonga ukungaphantsi kwamajoyina, oku kunokukhokelela ekuphazamiseni imilenze. Ngaphandle kolwaphulo oluchanekileyo nolulungileyo, esi sifo senza iziphumo ezingenakuguquka.
I-Dysplasia ye-hip joints kubantwana-izizathu
Ngokuchanekileyo ukufumanisa, kutheni kubakho ukuhlolwa kwengqondo, kwakungenakwenzeka okwamanje. Ngokutsho kweengcamango ezintle kakhulu, i-dysplasia edibeneyo kubantwana inezizathu ezilandelayo:
- intetho ye-pelvic ye-fetus ;
- ukungalingani kwe-hormonal ngexesha lokukhulelwa;
- intambo yomtya kunye nentambo yomlomo;
- ukuzalwa;
- ukubeleka okanye emva kokugula;
- kokuqala;
- intsapho ehlala kwindawo enezinto eziphilayo ezibi;
- Ukugqithisa ngokuqinileyo ("isolder").
I-dysplasia ye-joint hip ibonakala njani kumntwana?
Kukho iimpawu ezinokubonwa ngokubonakalayo, ngokujongisisa ngokunyamekela umntwana, kodwa ukuzibonela ngokuzenzekelayo akuchazi kakuhle. Indlela efanelekileyo yokufumana i-dysplasia yamalungu omlenze emntwaneni inokwethenjelwa - qhagamshelana nomgqirha wamazinyo ukuba kukho ukusola kwesifo. Ikliniki ye-pathology echazwe ngokuxhomekeke ekuxineni kwayo kunye nobudala beemvuthu.
I-Hip dysplasia kwabantwana abangaphantsi komnyaka omnye ubudala
Ukuchonga ingxaki ezinyangeni ezili-12 zokuqala zobomi kunzima, kuba umntwana usakhonka kwaye akahambanga. Impawu zokuqala ze-hip dysplasia kubantwana zingaba ngale ndlela:
- unyawo olunye lufutshane kunomnye;
- Iimbumba ezinobungangamsha kunye neengunin ziyi-asymmetric;
- Isikhundla esifanelweyo seC trunk;
- Ukuqhoxa rhoqo kwesandla esandleni seenkamela;
- ukugcina intloko kwicala elinye;
- isithende esingekho kumgca ofanayo kunye ne-shin (unyawo olujikelezayo);
- Ngethuba lokuhamba okanye ukongezwa kwesilungu, ukucofa kuviwa.
Kwiintsana ezinempilo, izakhiwo zethambo-cartilaginous ziphezulu kakhulu. Ukuba ubeka umntwana wakho emva kwakho kwaye usasaze imilenze yakho ekhwebukileyo, unokugubha ngamadolo akho phezulu ngaphandle kokusebenzisa nayiphi na umzamo. I-Dysplasia yezihlanganisi ze-hip kubantwana zivimbela oku. Ukuphakama kokuhamba komnye okanye kumabini omabili kunqongophele kakhulu, kwaye ukunyanzelanisa kunciphise.
I-Hip dysplasia kubantwana emva konyaka
Ukuchonga isifo kwintsana ekhulayo kulula, kuba iimpawu zengxaki zibonakala zibala nakwiindawo zokuhlola ekhaya. I-Hip dysplasia kubantwana - iimpawu:
- ukuhamba "kwiisokisi" ;
- clubfoot;
- iminwe ye-tucking kwimilenze yangaphakathi okanye ukukhupha kwayo phezulu;
- isisindo;
- ukukhawuleka komgudu ;
- ukuguquka ("ideshibhodi");
- Elinye iqalo libonakala lifutshane.
Iziganga ze-hip dysplasia kubantwana
Ukungaphuhliswa kwelo thambo-isithintelo saso sichazwe ngokubaluleka kumaqela amathathu:
- Elula (ngaphambi kokusebenza). Intloko ye-femur ayizinzile, ihamba ngokukhululekile, imizila ejikelezileyo kunye nemisipha ibuthathaka. I-dysplasia yokuzalwa yesibindi yabantwana abaqhelekileyo kunabanye, malunga ne-2% yamatyala.
- Umyinge (ihlomelo). Ithambo le-hip lingase liphume kwaye lizilungelelanise ngokubambisana, oku kuyenzeka ngokuchofoza uphawu. Isiganeko salesi sifo singama-0.8%.
- Unzima (ukuchithwa). Intloko yethambo itholakala ngaphandle kwendawo yokudibanisa. Olu hlobo lwesifo lufunyenwe ngaphantsi kwe-0.01% yabantwana. I-dysplasia ebonakalayo yamanyathelo omlenze kubantwana yimeko eyingozi. Ikhokelela kwiinkathazo kunye neentsholongwane ezingenakunyuswa kwi-system musculoskeletal kwaye xa zikhulile.
I-Hip dysplasia kubantwana - unyango
Isiphambili kwisisombululo esiphumeleleyo senkcazo echazwe yinkqubo yokuzinzisa i-osteochondral structure cartilage kwisimo apho ingaqhele khona ukukhula - imilenze ehlukanisiweyo emacaleni. Indlela efanelekileyo kunye neyona ndlela efanelekileyo yokuphatha i-dysplasia ye-hip kubantwana kukusebenzisa izixhobo ezizodwa:
- umxube wePavlik;
- iTilensky;
- Freik's pillows;
- Zixhobo zeGnekovsky;
- iivili zikaVolkov nabanye.
Ukunyanga kwezifo ezinobungozi kunye nokuthintela kwayo, i-swaddling ebanzi ifanelekile, igqoke i-diapers ngobukhulu obukhulu obu-2, usebenzisa i-slings kunye nezikhwama zokuthwala ("i-kangaroos"). Njengonyango oluxhasayo, ama-orthopedists ancoma:
- gymnastics;
- ukusilisa;
- physiotherapy.
I-LFK ye-hip dysplasia kubantwana
Izenzo ezizodwa kufuneka zenziwe imihla ngemihla kwiinyanga ezi-3-24 (ngokuxhomekeka kobunzima besifo). Kuyinto enqwenelekayo ukuba i-gymnastics ye-dysplasia yezihlanganisi zomlenze kubantwana yenziwa kuqala ngugqirha. Ekhaya, unokukwenza kuphela emva koqeqesho. Ukungabikho kwezakhono eziyimfuneko, kukho umngcipheko wenzakalo kunye nentlungu kumntwana.
Ukuzivocavoca nge-hip dysplasia kubantwana:
- Kwimeko emva, ephethe i-shin, welula iinyawo kwisindululo esisetyhula.
- Yenza umlenze omnye emadolweni uze uyicindezele kwisisu, uguqe enye inxalenye ("ibhayisikili").
- Ngenye indlela, bhinqa imilenze emadolweni kwindawo ehlazileyo.
- Ngokukhawuleza ukugoba izitho kunye nenyameko, ngaphandle kwengcinezelo eqinile, cindezela amadolo phezulu.
- Beka iinyawo zakho ngokuzenzekelayo, ziqhube phambili kwaye zibuyele emuva, zifane ne-glide.
- Phonsa umlenze omnye komnye ngoku (isithende ukuya emadolweni).
- Thatha eceleni umlenze uze uyibuyisele kwisithuba esiphambili (isinyathelo esecaleni).
- Vula umntwana kwisisu sakhe. Bend imilenze emadolweni uze ucinezele phezulu.
- Ukugoba zombini, ukulungisa isandla senyawo. Ngomnene cwenga i-pelvis phezulu.
- Yizisa izithende kumbingeleli ngemilenze emadolweni.
Ukudibanisa i-hip dysplasia kubantwana
Oo-orthopedists batusa ukuba bangenzi inkqubo yokuzimelela ngokuzimeleyo, kodwa rhoqo nibonisane neengcali ezifanelekileyo. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuba i-dysplasia yezihlanganisi zomlenze kwintsana ifunyanwe-unyango olwenziwe ngokungalunganga luya kwandisa nje imeko. Kwinqanaba elincinci lokukhubazeka kunokwenzeka ukuba ufunde ukuxilwa kwi-professional, emva kokutyelela ezinye iiseshoni, kwaye uchithe okanye usebenzise izindlu.
Ingaba i-hip dysplasia iphathwa njani kubantwana esebenzisa iinkqubo zenkqubo:
- Gubhoza inyawo kunye neminwe.
- I-circular massage ijikeleze malunga ne-femur.
- Gweba imisipha yomva. Ukwenza i-massage yeqhekeza.
- Zisebenzise ngokupheleleyo izitya. Ukuhlambalaza ukusuka kwi-bottom up (ukuya kwi-gluteus folds), ukuchukumisa kancane isikhumba ngesithupha sakho.
- Gcobhoza ngobumnene amaqanda kunye nezithende.
I-Electrophoresis ye-dysplasia ye-hip joints kubantwana
Isicatshulwa se-physiotherapy esekelwe kwi-i-calcium ions kwizakhiwo zethambo-zengxowankulu phantsi kwezenzo zangoku. Ihlala ichongwe ukuba i-dysplasia yezihlanganisi ze-hip ifumaneka kwiintsana-i-electrophoresis yonyango ivelisa iziphumo ezilandelayo:
- kususwa ko kuvutha;
- ukukhululeka kwintlungu yesifo;
- ukuqinisa amathambo kunye ne-cartilage;
- ukupheliswa kwe-edema;
- ukupheliswa kwemisipha ye hypertonic ;
- Ukubuyiselwa kwegazi lokucoca ii-microcirculation;
- ukuvuselela iinkqubo zokuvuselela.
I-paraffini ye-dysplasia yamajoyina okunyuka kubantwana
Ukushisa kunemiphumo emihle kwi-metabolism kunye nokusabalalisa kwimizimba ye-cartilaginous, ngokukhawuleza kunciphisa intlungu kwaye kuphuculwe ukuhamba. Indlela echazwe ngayo ye-physiotherapy inconywa ukuba iqhutywe kunye ne-electrophoresis, i-gymnastics kunye ne-massage. Ngosizo lweparafini, i-dysplasia yezihlanganisi ze-hip kulula kakhulu kwaye ipheliswe ngokukhawuleza-unyango lwabantwana abanezicelo ezifudumeleyo lunceda:
- ukuqhelanisa ukuphuhliswa kwesakhiwo esingaphantsi;
- ubuyisele intloko yethambo kwisithuba esifanelekileyo;
- ukugcina umntwana entlungu;
- phucula uguquko;
- ukuqinisa ukuphuma kwe-lymph.
Iziphumo ze-hip dysplasia kubantwana
Ukuba unyango olwaneleyo luqalisiwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo, le ntsholongwane iyanyamalala ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kweengxaki. Xa i-dysplasia ye-hip joints kubantwana abancinci ayiphathwa, iyaqhubeka. Ngamanye amaxesha inqanaba lomonakalo kwisalathiso linzima kakhulu kangangokuba umlomo wama-orthopedist kufuneka anikeze inkqubo yokuhlinzwa:
- ukuvula ukuvula;
- osteotomy;
- Operation Shantsa;
- yokulungisa i-osteotomy;
- i-osteotomy ye-pelvis (ngohlobo lwe-Chiari);
- Ukusebenza Koenig.
Ngaphandle kweyeza, imiphumo ye-dysplasia kubantwana ingaba ngolu hlobo:
- neoarthrosis;
- Ukunciphisa intambo;
- dysplastic coxarthrosis;
- ukungena ngokwemvelo kwe-hip;
- ukukhubazeka.