Umntu unokuneliseka ngomncinci - ukulandelwa kwabantu abashumayela ubuncinci ngokuchasene nomthengi oye wagxininisa ihlabathi lanamhlanje. I-Asceticism iyakhuthazwa kwiinkonzo ezahlukeneyo kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo isenzo esiqinileyo: ukuzondla. Kunzima kumntu oqhelekileyo ukuba ahambe ngale ndlela, kodwa kukho ubunzima obunzima, umphumo wokuba uyamangalisa.
Yintoni yokuxhamla?
I-Asceticism yindlela yokuphila komntu oye waqala umkhondo wokuziwayo ngokwakhe kunye nommandla wendalo, kwaye isixhobo sokuncedisa i-ascetics iyimfuneko yokuzikhawulela kunye nenjongo yokuzifundisa iimpawu ezifunwayo kunye nendlela esondeleyo kwi-Divine principle. Umntu onobungozi ngokuzithandela uyazithintela isabelo esibalulekileyo sezinto eziphathekayo kwaye uhlakulele ukucinga kwakhe.
I-Asceticism iqulethe ezimbini:
- Ubuncwane bempahla yinto yokwenqatshelwa kweempahla zanamhlanje zempucuko kunye neemfuno zokufakelwa ezidalwe luluntu.
- Ukuxhaswa ngokomoya kukuthintelo okanye ukulahlwa ngokupheleleyo kwimihlali yoluntu, ukudala intsapho. Ukucinga ngoThixo, ukufunda iincwadi zonqulo. Kwinqanaba elingaphantsi, ukuchaswa koluntu kwaye ubuyele kwiimonasteri, kwiintlanzi.
I-Asceticism Philosophy
IGrisi ya mandulo yayidume ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo zefilosofi kunye nezikolo, apho ezinye ihlabathi zazijoliswe kuyo. I-Cynics iyisikolo samafilosofi ngamaxesha kaSocrates, eshumayela indlela ekhethekileyo yobomi, equka ukulahla izibonelelo ezibonelelwe uluntu. Ummeli oqaqambileyo we-cynics uDiogenes Sinopsky wanduluka waza wacela. Esinye isikolo samaGrisi - amaStoyiki, esekelwe nguZeno waseTshayina, ayenqabela indlela engahambisani nayo. I-Asceticism kwifilosofi yindlela eyenziwa phantsi kweempembelelo zamafilosofi aseStoiki (uSececa, uMarcus Aurelius), esekelwe kulo:
- inkululeko esuka kwimpembelelo yehlabathi langaphandle ngokubungqina nokuzineliseka;
- amandla omoya phezu kweemvelo zenyama;
- i-aesthetics ephezulu kwizenzo kunye neengcamango;
- ubomi ngokuvisisana nendalo kunye ne-Universal cosmic Mind;
- ukungabi nonyango.
I-ascetics kwi-Orthodoxy
Ubuncwane bobuKristu budibene noKrestu, umfanekiso owe-Orthodox ascetic uyayithanda emphefumlweni kwaye uthembele kuye kwimicimbi yemihla ngemihla, uzalisekise intsingiselo kaThixo. Ngokuncedwa kwemithandazo, i-ascetic inamathele kuThixo kwaye ichitha zonke izinto ezinqabileyo zikaThixo ekunqobeni izilingo neemfuno. Ngethuba lonyaka, i-orthodox yama-Orthodox ibona yonke into yokutya, ithandaza, idibanise kwaye iyavuma. Ukufunda ubomi beengcwele kuyomeleza umKristu kwiinjongo zakhe.
Abangcwele abangamaKristu ababekhokela ubomi obunobuncwane (ukuxhamla):
- UYohane uMbhaptizi;
- Onuphrius Omkhulu;
- Seraphim waseSarov;
- Sergey Radonezhsky;
- Pavel Obnorsky;
- Tikhon waseKaluga.
Ubungqonge eBuddhism
Xa iNkosana uGautama Siddhartha ephendulela i-29, wayigcoba iingubo zakhe, wayigqoba iingubo ezihlambulukileyo zeemonki waza wayishiya kwibhotwe yabazali bakhe ukuba aphendule ubomi obuhle. Kwiminyaka engama-6, uBuddha wayehlala njengomxakatho: wahlambela inyama yakhe ngobunzima obukhulu kwaye ngelinye ilanga wafa ngokudinwa, ngelixa engafiki kufuphi nenyaniso okwesikhashana. UBuddha waqonda ukuba ukuzingcolisa kwenyama kwakungeyona ndlela engenamsebenzi yokukhanyisa kwaye waqalisa ukucamngca nokucamngca. KwiBuddha, ezi ziqhelo zilandelayo zikhokelela kuNirvana:
- U-Shamatha ngowona mbambano ongundoqo kunye oyintloko weBuddhist - ukuxinwa nokuthula okupheleleyo kwengqondo kunye nokuqonda.
- Vipasjana - ukulima kolwazi oluphezulu (ukucamngca).
- Ukumodareyitha kokutya kuku okulandelayo kweNdlela Ephakathi ekuhlaleni. Umzimba uqulethwe kwimeko apho i-ascetic ingaphazamisi ukugxila ekucamngeni. KwiBuddhism, ubuqhetseba obuthile abubalulekanga njengobunzima bokulawula iingcinga.
- I-Practice Sati (ukwazisa) isahluko sengqondo somzimba kwizinto ezingama-32 (iinwele, amazinyo, isikhumba, izipikili, njl.) Zinceda ukucamngca iingcamango ukuze ungangeni kwizilingo zehlabathi.
Iintlobo zokuxhamla
Indlela yokuphila yobuthakathaka ibandakanya umsebenzi omkhulu wangaphakathi kwaye kufuneka wenziwe imihla ngemihla kuphela kwilizwe elibusisiweyo. Iziganeko ezenziwa ngomsindo, inzondelelo kunye nekratshi ayinanto yokwenza ngokomoya. I-Asceticism idibene ngokuqhelekileyo ibe yizilwanyana ezinxulumene kakhulu:
- Ukuxhaswa kolwimi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha. Amagama amabi, ukuhleka kakubi akuvumelekanga kwi-ascetics. Amazwi anyanisekileyo kunye nobubele abangela isigqibo esihle kumntu kunye nabathandekayo bakhe.
- Ukuxhatshazwa komzimba kukugqoka impahla elula, yemvelo yokugqoka, ukugcinwa kokumodareyitha ekudleni, ukuhlonishwa, ukuhlonishwa kwabazali kunye nabadala.
- Ukuxhamla kwengqondo - ubungcwele kunye nokulawulwa kwengcamango kunikwa ingqalelo. Ukuzithiba kunceda ukulawula iimvakalelo nokuzikhokela kwindlela efanelekileyo. Ukwaneliseka kwengqondo kuxhomekeke kukutya okufunyenweyo kwaye kuhambelana neziqhamo zomzimba. Ukutya okukhanyayo - iingcamango ezintle, ukutya okunzima - ukwesaba, ukungazi, ukulahleka kolawulo phezu kwengqondo.
I-ascetics ihlala njani?
Kwintlalo yanamhlanje i-ascetic ngumntu oye wagqiba ekubeni ahambe kwinkqubo yenkululeko ukuze aphephe ukuthengwa okungabalulekanga kunye nezinto eziye zaphela: izinto, ukunxibelelana, ukucinga, indlela endala yobomi. Leli gama elithi ascetic lithetha ludaka, lugxininise, lucacile. Kuza kube namhlanje, abantu abaye bakhethe indlela yokuxhamla ubomi baphila ngokulandela imithetho:
- Ukwaneliseka kumncinci, ngaphandle kwengqiqo yokungabi phantsi kwezinto ezibekwe ngabadayisi. Iincwadi ezilungileyo, izixhobo ezisemgangathweni zendlu kunye neefenitshala zexabiso.
- Ubuncinci bezinto.
- Ubaluleke kakhulu bunamathele ekuphuhlisweni kwehlabathi elingaphakathi.
- Isimo sengqondo esifanelekileyo (iiplastiki zeplastiki, iibhotile azikho kwimpilo yemihla ngemihla ye-ascetics ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa komhlaba kunye nale mveliso yeoli).
- Utyando.
I-Asceticism - ibangela
Kutheni sifuna ukuhlaselwa ngumntu wamanje? Iimpawu eziphambili zendalo zihlala zingatshintshi kwiinkulungwane ezininzi: inhlonipho, impilo, ulwazi lwezakhono zabo, inkolelo yokuba "mna" akayena nje umzimba, kodwa nento yokomoya. Intsingiselo yokuhlaselwa ngumntu ngamnye iyingqayizivele kwaye inentsingiselo yayo. Izizathu apho umntu eqala ukuzenza iziqhamo:
- ukulahlekelwa kwempilo, izifo ezingenakuphilisa;
- ulwazi lomntu "I";
- ukwandisa imida yolwazi;
- abasetyhini - ukungabikho, ukungabikho komtshato;
- ukuphumelela kwamandla amakhulu;
- phucula i karma ;
- umnqweno wokomeleza ihlabathi ngeentshukumo ezintle (ukungabikho kobubele, ububele).
I-Asceticism - imigaqo
Kuthetha ukuthini ukuxhamla? Soloviev (n ifilosofi yekhulu le-XIX.) Uchazwe kumsebenzi wakhe "Ukulungiswa Kwezinto Ezilungileyo," ngoxa beqaphela imigaqo ephambili yokuxhamla:
- Ukuhambisa inyama emoyeni kuyimo esifanelekileyo kwisimo esingaphantsi koMoya.
- Imfesane, ukunyaniseka, ukuzithiba, ukwesaba yizona zinto ziyinxalenye yobubele obunomusa.
- Uthando lukaThixo (i-Absolute, i-Logos, i-Universe)-ngaphandle kwayo nayiphi na inkathazo elahlekelwa intsingiselo.
I-Asceticism ilungile
Ukuxhaswa njengendlela yokuphila kwathathwa ngumhla wolutsha lwa namhlanje. Abantu abaye baqala indlela yokuzibamba babuzwa imibuzo malunga nokufaneleka kobuhlanga. Ukuxhamla okunengqiqo kubangela inzuzo kumntu, ngokuhambelanayo nengqiqo ephikisayo. Iziphumo ezibonakalayo zokuxhamla:
- ukuqinisa uxhulumaniso noMoya wakho;
- ukuqiniswa komoya nokuthanda;
- ukucaca kokucinga nokuqonda;
- ukuphucula iimpawu zokuziphatha zomntu ;
- uphuhliso lwe-intuition, i-clairvoyance, ukubonelela phambili;
- ukususa izifo;
- ukuzaliseka kweminqweno yinyani;
- utshintsho lobuntu ngokubanzi.
Ascetics ezidumile
Umntu onobungozi ubeka ingqalelo ngemisebenzi kunye nezenzo zakhe, ezibizwa ukuba ziphuculwe kweli hlabathi. Ngokwenene, ngaba ngabantu abadlulileyo ubunzima kunye nobunzima kwiindlela zabo zobomi, befunda iinjongo zokomoya zendalo yonke. Ubuntu obudumileyo be-ascetics:
- U-Alexander Suvorov ngumlawuli omkhulu waseRussia. Wanyamezela ubunzima bokuphila ngethemba. Wayelula ukuthetha kunye nokuthandwa ngamajoni akhe. Ukuthi: "Inhloko ifanele igcinwe ebanda, isisu ilambile, kwaye iinyawo zifudumala" ngumzekelo oyinyaniso we-Suvorov's orceticism.
- UMama Teresa ungumntu osisigxina kunye nomntu owenza imihla ngemihla ukulungiswa kokukhonza abantu nokuthanda uThixo.
- UMark Zuckerberg - umsunguli wenethiwekhi ye-Facebook unelisekile ngeengubo ezilula zabathengi abaqhelekileyo, kunye nomfazi wakhe ubomi obunokuthobeka.
- UJose Cordano - owayengumongameli wase-Uruguay, wayedlulisela ininzi yakhe yomvuzo kwiziseko zokuncedisa abantu abasweleyo.
- U-Keanu Reeves - umdlali ozithandayo wezigidi uhlala kwindlu encinane, uhamba ngezithuthi zikawonkewonke, ukwamkela kunye novelwano nabantu abaqhelekileyo. Imirhumo ye-actor iya kulwa nomhlaza kwaye kunceda abahlwempuzekileyo.
Alexander Suvorov
UMama Theresa
UMark Zuckerberg
UJoseph Cordano
Keanu Reeves