Ngokuqinisekileyo uyaqhelanisa nenqaku elithi "imbali iyashukuma". Le nkcazo isekelwe kumthetho wokunyaniseka okuphindwe kabini, okwakusetyenziswe kwakhona ngaphambili. Enyanisweni, oku kusebenza kuphela kwiingcamango, izafilosofi zaqala ukusebenzisa ingcamango yokuphindaphindwa kabini kamva, kwaye uninzi lwayo yonke into eyayinomdla kuHegel. Zonke ezinye izazi zefilosofi, yayiyindlela yakhe yokucinga eyayisetyenziswa njengesiseko. Ngokomzekelo, uMarx wavumelana nembono engundoqo, kodwa wayekholelwa ukuba uHegel wayejonge ingxaki kwihlabathi elifanelekileyo, ngoxa siphila kwihlabathi eliphathekayo. Ngoko ke, ekuqulunqeni imbono yakhe, uMarx wajongana nokukhululwa kwefilosofi kaHegel kwiingcamango kunye nezinye, kwindlela yakhe yokujonga, izigwebo ezingalunganga.
Umthetho wokunyanzelwa kokuphindwe kabini kwisigqibo
Ukukhankanywa kokuqala kwalo mthetho kudibaniswa namagama kaGorgias noZeno waseEpeus, ababeziingcali zefilosofi zamaGrike. Bekholelwa ukuba ukuba ukungabi naluphi na umlomo kubangelwa ukungqubuzana, ngoko loo nto inyaniso iyinyaniso. Ngaloo ndlela, lo myalelo onengqiqo uvumelekile ukuba ungayicingi into yokungabikho. Imizekelo yomthetho wokwenqaba ukungathinteki kwingxoxo ingaba yinto eguqukileyo yokuthetha njengokuba "andinakunceda ukuthetha", "ukungaqiniseki ngokwaneleyo", "akukho nto inqongophala", "andiyikuyiphutha", njl njl. Le mabinzana ibonakala kunzima, kwaye ngoko isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ngoqhagamshelwano olusemthethweni. Kodwa ekusebenzeni, umsebenzi womthetho ubonakala ngokucacileyo, umzekelo, amabali afunyanwe, abathandekayo ngabaninzi, anokuba ngumzekelo. Abaphenyi benza njani kwimeko apho kungekho bungqina becala lommangali? Bathi akukho bungqina bokungabi namacala. Ngoko ukungaxhaswa kabini kunceda ukuxazulula iingxaki ezininzi ezinengqiqo, kodwa kufanelekile ukuwela umgca wale nzu lulwazi, apho yonke into ingqongqo, njengokuba isicelo sisebenziseka kwimvelaphi.
Umthetho wokunyanzelwa kobuxoki kwifilosofi
Ukunyanzelwa kwe-Hegel ukungabikho komsebenzi kubonisa ukugqitywa kokuphikisana kwangaphakathi, okwakhiwa kwinkqubo nayiphi na intuthuko, eyona ntshukumo evela kwi-concrete. Ukuphikisana okuvelayo kukunceda ingcamango engacacanga ukuba ihambe ngaphaya koko, ngaloo mzuzu ukuthotywa kokuqala kwenzeka. Emva koko, le ngcamango iyabuya, njengokungathi kusekuqaleni, kodwa sele isele iphuculwe, oko kukuthi, umzuzu wokungabikho kwesibini kufike. Umbono obuyeleyo, ukhonkco uqulethe isikhundla sokuqala kunye nomxhesho ochanekileyo, owona mcimbi. UHegel wayekholelwa ukuba le ngcamango iqhubela phambili, kwaye uLenin wayichaza ngokucacileyo ngendlela yokuvutha, ebonisa ukubuya kombono kwisikhundla sokuqala, kodwa sele sele ephakamileyo. Umzekelo yimbono yentsapho: ebuntwaneni sibona ukuba yinto ebalulekileyo ebomini, ngexesha leshumi elivisayo liza ixesha lokungabaza, kamva siphindela kwiintembelelo zethu zobuntwaneni, kodwa ngoku zixhaswa ngamava kunye namava afumaneka ngexesha lokuphikisana.
Kodwa umyalelo wokukhanyela ukungabikho komthetho wabonakala kwifilosofi kuMarx, owayesebenza kwakhona ngo-Hegel's dialectic. Ngokusekelwe kwimisebenzi kaHegel, uMarx wavelisa imithetho emithathu, kodwa kwakungumgaqo wokunyanzeliswa kabini, ukuhlaziywa kwimbono yokuthanda izinto ezibonakalayo, nto leyo eyabangela ingxabano enkulu. Abanye abalandeli befilosofi yaseMarxist bakholelwa ukuba lo mthetho ungasebenza kuphela ekucingeni, inkqubo yokufumana ifomu zekhonkrithi. Ekubeni uluvo lokuba into ehambelana nalo mthetho iphakamisa imibuzo emininzi. Ukulawulwa kokunyanzelwa kabini kuya kusebenza ngokukhawuleza ukuvelisa iziganeko , ezizibonakaliso zezinto ezisemgangathweni zentlalo, kwaye ayinokwenyama. Ngaloo ndlela, umbuzo womthetho wokugatya ukunganyaniseki usaphila kwaye unomdla kubaphandi.