I-Poliomyelitis - iimpawu kubantwana

Wonke umama ufumana rhoqo xa umntwana wakhe egula, kodwa ngelishwa, uninzi lwezifo kunzima ukuziphepha. Kukho izifo ezibeka ingozi enkulu ebomini kwaye ngoko kufuneka umntu azi ulwazi malunga nabo. I-Poliomyelitis yintsholongwane yesifo segciwane elichaphazelekayo ngabantwana abasesikolweni. Esi sifo sinengozi ngenxa yemiphumo yaso, ngoko ke kunokubangela iinkqubo ezivuthayo emlonyeni, emathunjini, kodwa inkxalabo eyona nto iyingozi.

I-poliomyelitis idluliselwa njani kubantwana?

Intsholongwane ebangela ukuba isifo sifumaneke kwi-genus ye-Enterovirus, kwaye umthombo wayo oyintloko ngumntu ogula okanye umntu ophethe intsholongwane. Usulelo ludluliselwa ngomzila-ngomlomo. Unokusuleleka kumanzi, ubisi, ukutya, izandla, amathoyizi kunye nezinye izinto. Inkqubo yokudlulisa umoya iyakwenzeka.

Kwakhona kufanelekile ukukhankanya malunga nokubizwa nge-poliomyelitis (VAP) ebizwa nge-vaccine. Inokuvela njengenkcenkceshe emva kokugonywa nge-vaccine yokuphila (OPV). Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukukhuseleka komntwana akunciphisi, ke kufuneka ingxaki enjalo ingabikho. I-VAP ingahlakulela kumacala alandelayo:

• isimo somzimba (i-AIDS);
• Emzimbeni womntwana emva kokugonywa, ukuguqulwa kwintsholongwane yentsholongwane yenzeke.

Apha kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ukuba ngaba abazali bayakubona ukuchasene nesigontsho, amathuba okuthenga i-VAP yi-1 imeko nganye nge-500,000-2 000 000.

Unokusuleleka kumntu ofumene i-OPV. Le nkcenkcesha yintsilelo yokuphila. Kule meko, kufuneka uqaphele iimpawu zokuqala zesifo kwaye uqale ukuwuphatha.

Abanye banomdla kwindlela onokufumana ngayo i-polio evela kumntwana ogonywe. Emva kokugonywa kwabantwana i-OPV ngexesha elusasaza intsholongwane, oko kungenza i-VAP ingagcini.

I-poliomyelitis ibonakala njani kubantwana?

Esi sifo sifana neempawu zayo kwezinye izifo, ezinokudibanisa nogqirha onamava. Ukongezelela, isigulo sinemibonakalo emininzi, eyenza ukuxilongwa kunzima. Esi sifo sinokukhubazeka kwaye asiyi kukhubazeka.

Ixesha lokuxubusha kwe-poliomyelitis kubantwana lihlala malunga neentsuku ezili-12 ngokuqhelekileyo, kodwa kwezinye iimeko zingancitshiswa kwiintsuku ezingama-5 okanye, mhlawumbi, zingadlulela kwi-35. Ngelo xesha, umntwana ubonakala enempilo, kodwa unokusulela abantu abadibene nayo (kuquka nabantu abadala).

Ifomu engeyiyo iparalytic ingaba neendidi eziliqela. Ngenkambo yokungaqhelekanga, eso sifo asibonakali naliphi na indlela, kodwa imvuthu iyaxhatshazwa. Ifomu lokukhupha libonakaliswe yimpawu:

• ukwanda kweqondo lokushisa;
• ukubonakaliswa kwemvelo;
• ukuphazamiseka kokulala, imeko jikelele;
• intloko;
• ukubonakaliswa kwamathumbu, ikakhulukazi ezinjalo iimpawu ze-poliomyelitis zizibonakaliso zabantwana abangaphantsi komnyaka omnye kwaye bancinane kakhulu.

Ngokuqhelekileyo emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa abantwana babuyiselwa.

Ifom ye-Meningeal ibonakaliswe ngempawu zokuvuvukala kwamadoda, okubonakaliswa yimisipha yentamo kunye nokuhlanza. Kananjalo umntwana uyakhononda iintlungu emva, emlenzeni. Ngokuqhelekileyo emva kweveki ezimbini ukugula kudlula.

Iifomu ezikhubazekayo ziyaziwa ngolu hlobo olukhoyo kwaye zineentlobo zazo. I-Infectionists izakufumana kunzima ukuqaphela i-poliomyelitis kubantwana kwimpawu zokuqala.

Ngefompe ifom, eso sifo siqala ngomkhuhlane ophezulu, impumlo ehambayo kunye nesitulo esivulekile sinokwenzeka. Emva koko iimpawu eziphawulekayo ze- meningitis kwaye iimpawu zokukhubazeka zongezwa.

Kwezinye iintlobo zezifo ezikhubazekayo, iimpawu ziyahluke, kodwa kuzo zonke ikhondo elibi liphawu, kukho imiphumo emibi.