Ngenxa yobubele, umntu unethuba lokukwazi umhlaba ojikelezayo kunye naphakathi. Ukuqonda ubuchule bomzimba ukuphendula kunye nokuhlukanisa phakathi kwe-stimuli yangaphakathi neyangaphakathi. Lo msebenzi uqhutywa ngenxa yeqela lamatholampilo-ingqondo, exhunyiwe ngenxa yebhanki yenambuzane kuzo zonke iindawo zomzimba wethu.
I-receptor iyayiphendula iphinde ithumele ulwazi kwingqondo. Ngexesha lokufumana ulwazi, siyazi ukuba amanzi ashushu, ukutya kushushu, ushukela unomnandi. Yonke imimiselo engentla ihambelana nokuvakalelwa kwe-exteroceptive.
Ziyintoni ubuchule obungathandabuzekiyo?
Ubuninzi be-sensitivity yikhono lomzimba ukuva into echaphazela i-receptors yethu yangaphandle. Oko kukuthi, bubunzulu bobukhulu bomhlaba, obusebenza kwiindleko ze-receptors zesikhumba kunye neembrane ezinamaqabunga.
"Ngaphandle" - ukuguqulelwa ukusuka kwisiLatin kuthetha "ngaphandle". Kodwa ekubeni naluphi na uvakalelo oluvusa ukusabela, umntu akakwazi ukuthetha nje ngeemvakalelo ezithintekayo, kodwa kunye neengcamango.
Kukho iingqungquthela ezihlanu eziphambili ezinxulumene novelwano lwangaphandle:
- i-refne corneal - iphandwa ngokuthinta uboya bekotoni kwi-cornea yelihlo, okumele kuqukunjelwe ukuvalwa kweebhokhwe;
- i-reflex conjunctival - bayichukumisa i-conjunctiva kunye nekotton flagellum, ebangela ukuphendula okufana neyo-refnetic corneal;
- I-reflex ye-pharyngeal - kunye ne-spatula ethintana nodonga lwe-pharynx, kufuneka kube nokuchithwa kwe-emetic okanye ukukhwehlela;
- isalathisi esithambileyo kunye nefuthe lokuthintela
isibhakabhaka esithambileyo, ngenxa yoko kufanele ivuke; - i-reflex yangaphambili - isikhumba sithotyelwa kufuphi ne-anus, isisetyhula isetyhini.
Ngamanye amaxesha ezi ngcamango zisenokungabikho kubantu abaphilileyo.
Iimvakalelo ngokwazo zikwazo ngokwazo:
- ezikude - i-receptors isabela kwisistim esikude ( ukubona , ukuva);
- unxibelelwano - i-receptors isabela ngokuthintana ngqo kunye ne-stimulus (ukunambitha, ukuthintela);
- ingcamango yokunuka - yinto ephakathi.