I-Osteosarcoma enye yezifo zomhlaza wesifo. Ingqumbo ebulalayo, iiseli zazo zenziwa kwiisisipha zethambo. Ixesha eliyingozi kakhulu lobunjwa balo liyigaba esisebenzayo sokukhula kwamathambo. Uninzi lweziganeko ze-sarcoma ziyafunyanwa kubantu abatsha. Abafana banokugula ngakumbi kunamantombazana.
I-osteogenic sarcoma - iimpawu
I-osteogenic bone sarcoma ithathwa njengeyodwa yezifo ezihlaselayo. Ngethuba elifutshane, i-tumor bone ityasaza i-metastases yayo yonke umzimba. Ngokuqhelekileyo umhlaza wale ntsholongwane uvela emathanjeni amade amathumbu, kodwa amathambo enkayi, umhlathi kunye nomgudu unokuba yinjongo. Impawu zokuqala ze-oncology zilula kakhulu ukudibanisa nezifo ezingenakubungozi.
I-sarcoma ye-osteogenic yomhlathi - iimpawu
Izimpawu ezicacileyo kwisigaba sokuqala zichazwe kakuhle. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, kunzima kakhulu ukuqonda isifo ukususela ekuqaleni kwayo. Ukwahlula ezi zilandelayo zibonakaliso zezifo:
- Iimvakalelo ezibuhlungu, ezona zibonakaliso eziphambili zesifo, zivela emva kwexesha lokuhlwa kwaye ziyafana neentlungu.
- Ukwanda kwesikhumba kubangela ukuhlenga kwamazinyo, ubunzima bokufuna ukutya.
- Njengoko ukuvuvukala kusasazeka, isigulane sikhula ukuvuvukala ebusweni, kukho ukulahleka kobuzwe.
- Ixesha lokutshatyalaliswa kwe-neoplasm lihamba kunye nokwanda okwenyuka kumgangatho weqondo lokushisa.
- Kwixesha elizayo, i-sarcoma ye-osteogenic yomhlathi iwumthombo wokukhupha kwimpumlo kunye nokuphulwa komzimba.
- Inkambo yesi sifo iqhutyiswa kakhulu yongezwa sisifo ngenxa yokunciphisa umzimba.
I-osteogenic sarcoma ye-femur
Olu hlobo lwesifo luyabonakala ngenxa yobuqili balo kwaye kwisigaba sokuqala alubonakali nhlobo. Uvakalelo oluthathaka lunxulumene nokugqithisa ngokomzimba okanye ukuqala kwe-neuralgia. Kodwa ukuhlukana kwezifo kubanye kunokwenzeka - i-sarcoma ye-osteogenic yethanga ayiphenduli kwi-painkillers. Emva kwexesha, i-tumor iyanda ngobukhulu kwaye ibonakaliswe ziimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Intlungu, ekugqabeni kokuqala kunye nokugqithisa, iya kuba yomelele kwaye ihlale ihleli, ngakumbi ebusuku.
- Ithambo likhulisiwe kwaye kukho ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala kwezicubu kwiindawo ezichaphazelekayo.
- Umsebenzi owenziwe kakubi ngokomzimba wesilungu, esiyimbangela yokuqhwala kakhulu.
- Inethiwekhi ye-vascular icatshulwa ngokucacileyo.
- Izifucu zomzimba ziyimpawu ezithile zesifo kwixesha elizayo.
Kwimigangatho emva, iimpawu zokuxilisa ngokubanzi ziqinisa:
- ukulahleka kwesisindo;
- ukukhulelwa kwegazi ;
- ukulahleka kwamandla okusebenza;
- umkhuhlane wexesha eliphantsi;
- ukuthulula ukujuluka ebusuku.
I-osteogenic skull sarcoma
Ngokuyinene amathambo aphantsi kwintaka ayathinteka: i-temporal, parietal, occipital, edla rhoqo. Kwimeko ezininzi, uhlobo olusisigxina sesifo luyabonwa, olwenza ukuba utyilongwe ngokukhawuleza. I-Sarcoma ye-gaqa ibonakaliswe zibonakaliso ezilandelayo zeklinikhi:
- Isisu, esakhiwe esitheleni sangaphambili, sifinyelela ubungakanani obukhulu. Emva kwexesha lihluma.
- Isalathisi esicatyiweyo senziwa. Ekuqaleni kwakunzima, kwaye kamva kunye neendawo ezincinci.
- Kukho intlungu rhoqo entloko.
- Xa kulungiswa kwakha-up, i-pulsation ivakalelwa.
- Ulusu ngaphezu kwendawo echaphazelekayo luba lugqobha kwaye lube luhlaza, kummandla walo lubonakala ngokucacileyo imfesholo ye-vascular.
Ukuba i-sarcoma ikhula ngokujulile kwikrele, ayikwazi ukuvavanywa. Ukubonakala kweempawu ze-neurologic bubungqina bokuba umonakalo wengqondo:
- ingxaki yengqondo;
- imemori enciphise;
- isifo sobulunga;
- uxinzelelo olusandayo;
- Ukuphakama okukhulu kweentloko.
I-osteogenic sarcoma ye-ilium
Amathambo angama-al-itak enye yezona ziqhekeza ezinkulu. I-yealcoid ileal bone ayinqabile kwaye iboniswa ngumfanekiso wekliniki, uphawu lwezinye iintlobo ze-oncology:
- isifo sesifo;
- ukungonakaliswa ngokubanzi kwentlalo-ntle;
- ukulala kunye nokulala kwangaphakathi.
I-sarcoma ye-Osteogenic yedolo
Olu hlobo lwesifo lubonwa njengoluqhelekileyo, kodwa kunzima ukuxilonga. Izimpawu zakhe zokuqala azibonakalwanga kwaye azibangazixhalabisayo. Kwimigangatho ezayo, i-sarcoma ye-osteogenic yonyawo iboniswa ngokubonakala kweempawu ezicacileyo:
- ukungahambi kakuhle kwindawo edibeneyo;
- ukuvakalelwa kwintlungu emlenzeni;
- kuncipha kwimisebenzi yomzimba yesigxina esincinane kunye nophuhliso olulandelayo lwabantu abaqeshwayo;
- kukho ukuchithwa kwethambo elichaphazelekayo, elibangela ukuphuka kwegazi;
- izibonakaliso ze-malaise jikelele zihlaziywa.
I-osteogenic sarcoma yomgudu
Umonakalo obangelwayo emgodini kwenzeka ngokungabonakaliyo, ifunyanwe kwiimigangatho kamva kwaye iqhubela phambili ngokukhawuleza, isasaza i-metastases, ingakumbi kwimiphunga. Inkqubo yokwakheka kwe-tumor iyakwenzeka zombini kwi-vertebra enye kunye ezininzi. Iimpawu ze-spar sarcoma zilandelayo:
- Ukuqala kwesi sifo kubonakaliswe ngenyameko embi emva kwendawo engabonakaliyo.
- Ukwandisa i-neoplasm kwenza ukuba ubuhlungu bukhulu buninzi xa ukhwehlela kunye nokukrazula. Kunzima kakhulu ukuma kwindawo egciniweyo.
- Ngaphezulu kwendawo yokubunjwa kwe-sarcoma ye-osteogenic, i-compaction ibuhlungu ivakalelwa ngokucacileyo.
- Umlenze ususebenza, owenza umda kakhulu umgudu wesigulane kwaye ukhokelela ekuwa kwexesha eliqhelekileyo.
- Ukuvuvukala kwesibindi se-sciatic kuyaqala.
- Isimo jikelele sesigulane sinzima kakhulu.
Ukugula kuyingozi kakhulu:
- ukukhubazeka;
- paresis;
- umsebenzi ongenakulungelelaniso wenkqubo.
I-osteogenic sarcoma - X-ray
Ngokusekelwe kwiinkcukacha zembali yesigidimi kunye neemvavanyo zelabhoratri, ugqirha ubeka iimviwo zeengqungquthela. I-X-ray ye-sarcoma ye-osteogenic inceda ukufumanisa ubukho bentsholongwane ngezinto ezilandelayo:
- isigaba sokuqala sesi sifo siboniswe ngokunciphisa ukuxinwa kweethambo;
- Ukulahleka okuthe xaxa kweethambo zamathambo kubonakala ngokucacileyo;
- ukuchithwa kwe-periosteum kunye nokwakha;
- ukubunjwa kweenaliti zeesaliti ezincinci;
- utshintsho oluthile kumathambo;
- iifractic pathological fractures, ukuba zivela;
- ukwakheka kwemithambo yegazi entsha ngaphakathi kwendawo echaphazelekayo (vascularization);
- Iimitha ze-X zemiphaphu zichonga ukufumaneka kweemetastases.
I-osteogenic sarcoma - prognosis
Ekuhambeni kwangaphambili ukuhlaselwa kwe-oncology yolu hlobo kwakungalunganga kakhulu, njengoko i-osteosarcoma ibonakala ngokuphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza kunye ne-metastas zakuqala. Ngenxa yokuvela kweendlela ezintsha zokuxilongwa kwangaphambili kunye neyeza, ukunyameka kwezigulane kuye kwanda kakhulu kwaye kwahluka phakathi kwama-65%. Ngeendlela ezininzi impumelelo yonyango incike kwiimeko ezithile ngaphambi nangemva kokungenelela kwezonyango:
- ubukhulu kunye nendawo yokubunjwa kwesisu okanye ukuhlaziywa kwe-ostogenic sarcoma;
- kwinqanaba lokuphuhlisa i-neoplasm;
- imeko yomzimba wesigulane;
- ukusebenza komsebenzi ukususa isisu;
- ezinamandla emva kokusetyenziswa kwekhemotherapy.
I-osteogenic sarcoma - unyango
Kwiminyaka edlulileyo, indlela kuphela yokuphatha i-bonecology yamathambo yayigxothwe kwilungu okanye ininzi yelilungu elichaphazelekayo. Inkqubo yesimanje yokusebenzisa i-chemotherapy ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa ivumela kwezinye iimeko ukuba ziphephe le nkqubo. Ulwaphulo lwe-Osteosarcoma luquka iindlela ezintathu eziphambili:
1. Ukungenelela kokuphanda. Ukusebenza kukususa isisu. Ngenxa yeziphumo zophando, le nkqubo ibandakanya ukugqitywa kwe-sarcoma kunye nokulondolozwa kwesilungu, okanye ukuchithwa. Ingxenye yecandelo lesithambo esisuswe lithatyathwa yiplastiki okanye ukufakelwa kwesinyithi. I-sarcoma ye-osteogenic yomgudu, amathambo kunye ne-crake ye-pelvic ithathwa njengongenakwenzeka. Ukutshitshiswa kokutshintshwa kweemastastim emiphakeni.
2. I-Chemotherapy. Le ndlela yonyango isenziwa ngaphambi nangemva kokusebenza. Kwimeko yokuqala, isilwanyana sisetyenziselwa ukunqanda nokunciphisa ukukhula kwe-tumor ngokwayo. I- chemotherapy eyenziwa emva kokusebenza yenziwa ngokuhambelana nezikhombisi zangaphambili. Ukuvandlakanywa kwempendulo ye-neoplasm kwisenzo sonyango kuqhutyelwa. Iikhemikhali zinetyhefu kwaye zichaze iziphumo ezibi:
- isicefe
- ukuhlanza;
- ukulahlekelwa kweenwele;
- ukuphazamiseka komsebenzi weenkqubo zomzimba.
3. Ukunyangwa kwamayeza. Ukubunjwa kwe-Bone kuneentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeseli ezibonakalisa ezinye iintlobo ze-oncology. Ngenxa yoko, le ntsholongwane ikhethwe njenge-polymorphous cell osteogenic sarcoma. Ukusetyenziswa kwonyango lwe-radiation kule meko akusebenzi kwaye kuyasetyenziswa emva kokunyanzelisa okanye ukukhupha i-syndrome yesifo xa kwenzeka ukubuyela kwisifo.