Umntu uzalwe ukuze abone ihlabathi kuyo yonke imibala yayo. Umbono uyisipho esibalulekileyo, apho sizibandakanya kuyo kwimeko, sifunde ukufunda izinto ezintsha. Ithuba lokubona livulela ithuba elikhulu lokufumana iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zolwazi. Ubulumko bentolongo uthi: "Kungcono ukubona kanye ..."
Izindlela zokulungiswa kombono
Kule minyaka, kufuneka ugxininise amehlo akho ngokuqhelekileyo ukuze uhlukanise izinto ezithile okanye ugxilise "umfanekiso" ocacileyo. Inxalenye enkulu yabemi abadala beeplanethi ihlupheke kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuphazamiseka kwesifo. I-ophthalmology yanamhlanje ine-arsenal yeendlela ezenzelwe ukulungisa umboniso.
Ukuhlinzwa kwamehlo
Enye yeendlela zokuqala zokulungisa ukukhubazeka okubonakalayo kukusebenza keratectomy. Wazuza udumo olukhulu kwihlabathi ngenxa yokuphuhliswa kwesayensi ye-academician SN. Fedorov. Iimpawu zengqondo zeliso zachongwa ngokubheka kwendawo kwi-cornea ngoncedo lwezixhobo ezikhethekileyo ze-microsurgical. Ngaloo ndlela, le ndlela yavelisa iziphumo eziphezulu, kodwa yayinemiphumo ebonakalayo ngendlela yokuxhatshazwa emva kokusebenza.
Ngokuhlinzwa okwangoku, ukuhlinzwa okwenzakalayo kwe-intraocular kuqhutyelwa kwiimeko zeqondo eliphezulu kakhulu lokubonakala komonakalo, xa ukulungiswa kweelasi kuthathwa ngokungalunganga. Ukuba isigulane sitholakala ukuba sinesifo esicinekileyo seziliso ezifuna unyango olunzulu, ngoko utyando lwenziwa kwi-cornea usebenzisa ukutshintshwa.
Ukulungiswa kombono weLaser
Le ndlela ngokuqinisekileyo iqhubela phambili kwaye isebenza kwintsimi ye-ophthalmology. Ikuvumela ukuba utshintshe umlo wesigulane sesigulane nanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-pathology ye-refractive, usebenzisa i-laser eximer. Inzuzo ebalulekileyo yale nkqubo ichanekile, ukuthembeka nokusebenza kakuhle. Umgaqo wokusebenza kwale nkqubo kulula:
- Umgqomo wesalathisi olawulayo ususa umgca ophezulu we-cornea, udala uhlobo lwe-shred.
- Ukongezelela, ubukhulu be-cornea ngokwayo buguqulwa ukuphucula ikhono lokubuyisa.
- Inqanaba lokugqibela lomsebenzi libandakanya ukufakwa kwendawo yokuqala yokuqala.
Emva kokulungiswa kombono ngophenyo lwe-laser, isigulane sinokukhawuleza ukuvavanya ukusebenza kwayo. Yenzelwa kwisigulana, ihlala malunga nemizuzu engama-20 kwaye ayifuni inkqubo yokubuyisela ixesha elide. Amagumbi e-ophthalmological yanamhlanje asebenzisa iintlobo ezininzi zokuhlinzwa kwelasi:
- I-PRK okanye i-keratectomy ye-photorefractive;
- I-teknoloji yeLASIK kunye neentlobo zayo zanamhlanje.
Ukuqhagamshelana nombono wokulungisa
Le ndlela ifaneleke kakhulu kwizigulane ezichasene nongenelelo lophulo. Basebenzisa ngempumelelo i-lens yokulungisa amehlo, ezenziwe ngezinto eziluhlaza. Iinkampani ezinkulu ngegama lehlabathi zivelisa umlinganiselo omkhulu weemveliso ezahlukahlukeneyo zokulungiswa kwemarike yokudibanisa i-myopia, i-hyperopia okanye i-astigmatism kwimarike yabathengi.
Unokukhetha usuku olulodwa, ukunyanzela okanye iilensi zokugqoka ixesha elide. Ezi zinto azikwazi nje ukuphucula amehlo, kodwa zinokunceda ekukholeni indlela yokuphila yobomi. Bancinci (ukuya kwi-1 mm) kwaye ayifumananga ngokupheleleyo emehlweni. Musa ukuphula kwaye ungaphuli njengesiko seglasi, kwaye ujonge ngendlela enomdla. I-lens zoqhagamshelwano zinqunywe kwizigulane emva kokuhlinzwa ukuze kupheliswe i-strabismus.
Indlela yokulungisa umboniso ekhaya?
Ngelishwa, ii-lens okanye iiglasi azikwazi ukuphilisa ngokupheleleyo i-pathology eye. Ezi ziyeza ziyi-prostheses zangaphambili eziza kunceda ukuba zisebenze kwiqumrhu elibuthathaka. Nokuba umsebenzi we-laser awuhlali ubeka umphumo we-100%. Ukubuyiselwa kombono kubalulekile ukwenza ngokwakho, kunye nomzamo omkhulu kunye nomsebenzi. Ukuzimisela nokunyamezela kuphela kuya kwenza kube lula ukuphucula imeko yamehlo.
Into ephambili yokulungiswa kombono ekhaya kukulandela ukutya okufuneka udibanise iimveliso ezikunceda ukugcina umbono wakho, kunye nokusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nokwenza imisebenzi ekhethekileyo yamehlo. Ukulwa neendlela zokungahambi kakuhle kufuneka kuqaliswe ngokukhawuleza kunokwenzeka - oku kuya kunceda ukunciphisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo.
Indlela yokulungisa umboniso nge-myopia?
Umntu ophethwe yi-myopia akakwazi ukubona ngokucacileyo izinto ezikude naye. Olu hlobo lwesifo sokukhupha luba ne-etiology ye-innate okanye efunyenweyo, kwaye luchaphazela abaninzi abantu behlabathi. Ukunyanga i-myopia, oogqirha basebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo. Ukulungiswa okubonakalayo kule pathology ngenye yezindlela eziqhelekileyo kwaye kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kweziglasi, udibaniso kunye ne-orthokeratol lenses.
Ngosizo lwaloo mva, ukulungiswa kombono webusuku kwenziwa, okuyinto enobungcali kwintsimi ye-ophthalmology. Ulwaphulo lwe-refractive luquka ukusebenzisa ii-lens ezizodwa zobusuku, ezithatha isigulane emva kokulala kwaye azidingi iiglasi zelanga. Ndiyabulela kule ndlela, inkqubo yokuqhubela phambili ye-myopia ingagqalwa.
Ungayilungisa njani indlela ekubhekiselele kuyo?
Izigulane ezinolu hlobo lwezilwanyana zilahlekelwa amandla okucacisa ngokucacileyo izinto, zombini ukusuka kumgama omde kunye nomde. I-Hypermetropia yimbangela eqhelekileyo yokunciphisa ukubonakala okubonakalayo kubantu emva kweminyaka engama-45 ubudala. Izindlela zokonyango kwesi sifo azifani nazo zichazwe ngasentla. Ukwahlukana kuphela ekuqaliseni injongo ekugqibeleni - ukukwazi ukutshintshela umfanekiso wesigxina esicacileyo esivela kwindawo esecaleni kweso. Kufezekiswe ngophakamileyo okanye engekho ngonyango. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba amehlo emva kokulungiswa kombono adinga ukunakekelwa okhethekileyo kunye noqeqesho.
Ngaba ndingayilungisa umbono wam ngokuzivocavoca?
Ngexa uhlala ekhaya, unokuzama ukuphucula amehlo akho ngokuncedisa ukuzivocavoca okhethekileyo. Zinceda ukukhulula uxinzelelo kunye nokukhawuleza inkqubo yokubuyisela ukutshintshwa okuqhelekileyo kunye nokuhlala. Injongo ephambili yale qeqesho kukuthi "uphambanise" izihlunu ezibuthathaka zamehlo. Akuthathi ixesha elide, kodwa lisebenza kakuhle. Yenza umsebenzi ngamnye kufuneka ube ngamaxesha angama-7-8. Emva kokuphela komsebenzi, phucula amehlo akho, ubenxibe ngezandla ezifudumele.
Apha, yiyiphi into yokuphucula umboniso iyanconywa ngabayingcali:
- Khangela kancane kancane amehlo akho, uphakamise, uze uhlahle.
- Gcina intloko yakho ngqo. Kule ndawo, hlela amehlo akho ngakwesobunxele nakwesokudla.
- Kwimizuzu emfutshane, khanyisa amehlo akho ngesigqi.
- "Dweba" isikwere esicatshulwayo, uze ubeke ezisibhozo okanye ucinge ngokutshintshwa kweso, "count" amehlo akho nganye kwiyure.
Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukulungisa umbono ngeglasi?
Iilazi zokulungiswa kombono yindlela efanelekileyo kakhulu kwaye ifikelelekayo. Le ncedisi efanelekileyo inceda ekupheliseni zonke iintlobo zokungahambi kakuhle. Umsebenzi walo oyintloko kukugxila ngokuchanekileyo umfanekiso obonakalayo kwi-retina yelihlo. I-Ophthalmologists incoma ukugqoka iiglasi kwizinga eliphezulu le-myopia, hyperopia okanye i- astigmatism .
Ukulungiswa kwe-Ocular kuthathwa njengenye indlela efanelekileyo kwezi gulane ezichasene nazo zonke iintlobo zokungenelela okutyathwayo. Kodwa iilensi zeglasi zikhethwe ngugqirha ngokuzimeleyo, ngoko ke ngaphandle koluncedo lwe-ophthalmologist, kulo mzekelo ngeke kusebenze. Ukongezelela, enye yeengxaki ezingabonakaliyo kulolu hlobo lwendlela yokulungiswa kombono ukubonakala kwendawo yangaphandle (umda wecala lombono).