I-placenta iyilungu elikhethekileyo elinceda umntwana ukuba akhule, aphuhlise, afumane zonke izondlo eziyimfuneko kunye ne-oxygen. Iyadlula indlela yokuphuhliswa kwiqebolongo elincinci (i-chorion) ukuya kwinqanaba elincinci elinesigxina sesisu. Ekubeni i-placenta ebaluleke kakhulu ekuphuhlisweni komntwana, oogqirha banokuyinyamekela. Hlukanisa amadidiyure athile okukhula kwiplacenta , leyo idlulayo ngokunyuka komzimba.
Iqondo lokukhula komlenze
I-placenta yenziwa ngeenxa yesonto le-12 kwaye ithatha imisebenzi yokunyusa umntwana kunye nokulawula imvelaphi ye-hormonal yomama. Ngaloo ndlela i-placenta yinkqubo yenguqu, ivumelanisa neemfuno zomntwana. Ngexesha lokuhlola i-ultrasound, eqhutywa kwiiveki ezingama-20 ne-32, okanye ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ngokwemiqondiso, iingcali zivavanya umlinganiselo wokukhula kwazo. Inyani kukuba ukutshintsha kungekhona nje kuphela kwendalo, kwimizimba, kodwa kunye neengxaki. Kule meko, isigqibo senziwe ekusebenziseni iziyobisi okanye ukunikezelwa kwexesha eliphuthumayo.
Ukukhula kwinqanaba le-placenta lizimisele njani?
I-placenta kubasetyhini abakhulelweyo banesakhiwo esithile, esihlolwe yi-ultrasound. Isiqhamo sokukhula esikolweni sifana ne-placenta, esinesakhiwo esifanayo esingenayo i-inclusions. Njengomthetho, i-placenta enjalo ibonwa ukusuka ekuqaleni kwe-trimester yesibini ize ifike kwiiveki ezingama-30. Nangona kunjalo, ngeveki ezingama-27, utshintsho kwisakhiwo se-placenta luya kwenzeka, i-inclusions echogenic ibonakala, ukukhanya okuncane kuphawulwe. Leli iplascenta yebanga lokuqala. Kancinci kwi-placenta, kukho utshintsho oluninzi nolona lukhulu lubonakalayo, ukwanda kwenani elikhulu kunye nelincinci. Ngokusondele ekuzaleni, malunga neeyure ezingama-37-38 zokukhulelwa, i-placenta ithola isakhiwo se-lobular, kukho iindawo zetyuwa yokufakela, yile nqanaba lesithathu lokukhula. Ukuba izinga lotshintsho kwizakhiwo aluhambelani nekota, ngoko ukuvuthwa kwangaphambi kwe-placenta kuyafunyanwa.
Isiqalo sokuqala sokukhula kwepentecenta
Ngamanye amaxesha, xa imeko ibonakala ingathandabuzekiyo, ingcali kwi-ultrasound protocol inokurekhoda umlinganiselo wokuvuthwa kwe-placenta 0 1 okanye ukukhula kwe-placenta 1 2. Ukuba ixesha likwahlulo lwee-degrees ezahlukeneyo zokuvuthwa, ke le meko iyinto eqhelekileyo. Ukuba ixesha lincinci kakhulu, umbelethisi obona ukukhulelwa kwakho uya kuthatha onke amanyathelo okunciphisa ukukhula komthamo, kunye nokubeka esweni iimeko zomntwana. Ukongezelela, kuyimfuneko ukuvavanya isimo se-flowterlacental flow flow, oku kuya kuqinisekisa okanye ukukhanyela ukuxilongwa.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuvuthwa kwe-placenta 1 kuvumela umntwana ukuba anikezelwe kakuhle kunye nezondlo kwaye ngokuphindaphindiweyo kule nqanaba ukuvuthwa kwangaphambi kokudinga kudinga ukubonwa kuphela. Kwi-ultrasound elandelayo, umama uya kujonga ukukhula kwe-placenta kwaye, xa kuyimfuneko, ulungelelanise i-regimen yonyango.
Kukho imeko echasene nayo, kamva ukukhula komthamo, kuluhlu kakhulu, kodwa nangona i-placenta isasecaleni lokuqala emva kweeveki ezingama-34-35, iingcali ziyakucingela ukuphulwa komntwana, kunye neengxaki kwimpilo kamama. Le meko ifuna iimviwo ezongezelelweyo.
Ukuvuthwa kwe-placenta kuyahluka ngokubanzi, kwaye i-ultrasound yindlela yokuhlola. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kukho ukukrokra kokuqala kokutshatyalaliswa kwe-placenta, kufuneka uhlolisise ukuxilongwa, wenze ezinye izifundo, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko - unyango. Esi siqinisekiso sempilo yengane.