Izifundo ezinyanzelekileyo ekukhulelweni kwexesha elide zibandakanya ukuhlolwa kwe- 3rd trimeter . Inceda ukuseka imeko yomntwana, ukuvavanya izinga lokuphuhliswa kwexesha elizayo lomntwana, ukusebenza kwezitho zalo kunye neenkqubo, ukuphelisa ubuqhetseba phambi koxolongo kubo.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-3rd trimester - yintoni na?
I-term screening ye-trimester yesithathu isetyenzisiweyo ukukhetha inkqubo yeenkqubo zokuxilonga apho imeko yomntwana kunye namalungu omama azimisele. Ngexesha elifanayo isiseko sokujonga i-ultrasound. Ngethuba lelo, oogqirha babeka iiparitha zokuphuhliswa komzimba we-fetus, ukuvavanya ukusebenza kwezitho zangaphakathi kunye neenkqubo. Ukufunda ngokucophelela le mimandla yenyama encinane apho kukho ukuphulwa.
Kanye kunye ne-ultrasound, ukuphononongwa kwe-3rd trimester kubandakanya i-cardiotocography kunye ne-dopleromerism. Ezi zifundo zikunceda ukucacisa imeko yenkqubo yokujikeleza yengane, iimpawu zentliziyo. Ekusebenzeni kwabo ugqirha kubandakanya ukubalwa kwemilinganiselo ye-palpitations, ihlola iimitha ezinkulu zegazi, i-placenta, ukuqikelela ukunikezwa kwe-fetus nge-oxygen kunye nezondlo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, abanye abafazi abakhulelweyo banokubelwa ukuhlolwa kwegazi.
Yintoni ebonisa ukuboniswa kwe-3rd trimeter?
I-Ultrasound of pregnancy (3 trimester) ibeka imeko yentsholongwane, isantya sophuhliso lwayo, alubandakanyi ubukho bempilo. Ekuqhubekeni kwezi zifundo, oogqirha baqaphela:
- ubude bomzimba, ubukhulu bomntwana, ukuthelekisa nabo ngokuqhelekileyo ngeli xesha lokukhulelwa;
- imeko yeempahla ze-placenta, izinga lokuhamba kwegazi kweli candelo;
- Ukusebenza kwezinto ezisemgangathweni kunye neenkqubo zexesha elizayo umntwana.
I-Cardiotocography yesisu
Ukuhlolwa kwe-3rd trimester, efunyenwe ngugqirha, kubandakanya i-karyotiocography (CTG). Injongo yalo kukuhlola ukulinganisa kwegazi lomntwana nge-oxygen. Kule meko, ugqirha ugqirha inani leentlungu zomntwana ekuphumleni kunye nangethuba lokuhamba . Ukubhaliswa kwezi zikhombisi kwenziwa nge-ultrasound.
Intliziyo yomntwana, inani leebhokhwe ngomzuzu, ukukhawuleza okanye ukuhlaziya ngokuxhomekeka kovavanyo oluqhutywayo luboniswa kwisikrini kweso sixhobo. Ugqirha uthelekisa idatha efumanekayo kunye nezibonakaliso zesiqhelo kwaye ibonisa isigqibo. Kwiimeko ze-oksijeni enkulu yindlala, echaphazela ubomi bomntwana, ukuhanjiswa kwangethuba kunokwenzeka.
Ukuqwalaselwa kwe-Ultrasound 3
Ngokufunda okunjalo njenge-ultrasound of fetus, i-trimester, ugqirha uvavanya izikhombisi nje kuphela zokukhula komzimba, kodwa kunye nokusebenza kwamalungu kunye nezixhobo. Ngethuba le nkqubo, ugqirha uhlola ngokucophelela:
- inkqubo yomzimba;
- ingqondo;
- iimvumba zesigxina sekhona;
- izitho zomzimba zesisu;
- inkqubo yezinto ze-genitourinary.
Ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ihlawulwa kwi-placenta. Ugqirha ugqiba:
- imeko yokuhamba kwegazi ephahleni;
- indawo yendawo yengane;
- ubukhulu bepentecenta;
- isiqhamo sokukhula kwepentecenta .
Malunga nexesha lokwenza i-ultrasound 3 trimester, abafazi abakhulelweyo bafunde kwangaphambili. Olu phofu emva komhla ochaphazelekayo lubandakanya ukuhlolwa kwenkqubo yokuzala isetyhini. Oogqirha banomdla kwimeko yentambo ye-uterine, izindonga zayo, izinga lokukhula (ukulungela ukuhanjiswa ngokukhawuleza). Ngexesha elifanayo, ixabiso elifunyenweyo lifaniswa nemilinganiselo evamile, kwaye ukuba kukho ukuphulwa, izifundo ezongezelelweyo zinikezelwe. Kule ndlela, izizathu zokuphulwa ziyasungulwa.
I-dopplerometry ye-Fetal kwi-3rd trimetter
I-Doplerometry kwi-3 trimester ibonisa ukuhlolwa kohlobo kunye nokukhawuleza kokuhamba kwegazi, ukulandelwa kwemithambo yegazi ye-placenta. Olu pho nonongo lunceda oogqirha banqume ukulinganisa i-oksijini yegazi. Ekuphambukeni kwezibonakaliso eziqhelekileyo, oogqirha bangakwazi ukubonisa ukukhubazeka kweenkqubo ze-cardiovascular and nervous systems. Uphononongo lwenziwe kumatshini we-ultrasound kwaye kubafazi bafana ngokufanayo nokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound ejwayelekile.
Uvavanyo lweThathu lokuHlola
Kule sifundo, igazi le-venous lisebenza njengento yokuhlola imeko yoluntu lomama. Ngeenkcukacha ezintathu zokuhlola i-biochemical, qinisa umxholo wezinto ezifana nale:
- i-alpha-fetoprotein ( AFP );
- i-chorionic gonadotropin (hCG);
- esriol ezamahala.
Olu phofu lunikezelwa kuphela kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo abathi, ekuhlolweni kwangaphambili, abazange bahlangabezane nemigangatho. Xa i-trimester ihlolwe, oogqirha baqaphela isimo samanje senyama yomama, bafumanisa ukungaqhelekanga ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ukukhusela iingxaki zenkqubo yokukhulelwa, kwaye uthathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo.
Uhlolo lwesithathu lwenziwa njani ngexesha lokukhulelwa?
Ngokumalunga nendlela i-ultrasound eyenziwa ngayo i-3rd trimeter, abafazi bayaziwa kwiinkalo zangaphambili, kwaye izifundo ezifana ne-CTG kunye ne-dopplerometry zingabangela ukwesaba kubo. Xa uqhuba i-CTG:
- Ibhinqa lilele embhedeni.
- Izixhobo ezininzi zifakwe kwisisu sayo - i-ultrasonic kunye ne-gauge gauge (inquma iziphene ze-uterine).
- Ugqirha ubhale izinga lentliziyo yesisu. Inkqubo ihlala imizuzu engama-30-60.
I-Dopplerometry yabesifazane abakhulelweyo yenziwa ngale ndlela:
- Ibhinqa ithatha isikhundla esingenanto.
- Ugqirha usebenzisa i-gel ebusweni besisu sakhe.
- Ukuhambisa i-sensor phezu kwesikhumba, ugqirha uhlola iimitha ezinkulu zegazi, ukuvavanya izinga lokuhamba kwegazi kuzo. Ngokutsho kweemvakalelo ezona zikhulelwe, inqubo ayifani nendawo eqhelekileyo ye-ultrasound.
Ukuhlolwa kwee-3rd trimester - imihla
Ukwazi ngesifundo esilandelayo, abafazi abakhulelweyo bahlala benomdla kuogqirha malunga nokuba bahlola phi i-3 trimester. Ixesha elifanelekileyo lokuphunyezwa kwalo liiiveki ezingama-32-34 zesigxina. Yonke into yophando yowesifazane ayisoloko ilawula ukupasa ngosuku olulodwa, ngoko ke i-corridor isekwe. Ukuba uvavanyo lwe-biochemical limiselwe, ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuyidlulisela kwimimiselo engentla. Ngexesha elifanayo, i-ultrasound ingakhankanywa kwangethuba. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukuhlolwa kwe-3rd trimeter, ngelixa elichithwa ngayo - kuxhomekeke kwimeko ethile.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-3rd trimeter - ukulungiselela
Ngaphambi kokuthatha iimvavanyo kwi-3 trimester yokukhulelwa, umfazi kufuneka alungiselelwe ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kuya kuphelisa ukuphazamiseka kweziphumo, idatha efunyenweyo iya kubonisa ngokucacileyo isimo sempilo encinci. Nangona kunjalo, akukho zonke iiphando ezifuna ukulungiselela kwangaphambili. Ngoko, i-ultrasound kunye ne-dopplerometry ingenziwa malunga nantoni na. Imeko kuphela yokwenza i-ultrasound yintsimbi engenanto.
Ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezichanekileyo ze-CTG, oogqirha bacebisa ukuba ngaphambi kokuba isifundo sidle into emnandi. Ukwandisa i-glucose egazini kuya kwandisa umsebenzi wezithuthi zomntwana. Ngenxa yoko, oogqirha baya kuba nako ukurekhoda ukunyakaza okungakumbi kwe-fetal, apho inkqubo ye-cardiovascular will be evaluated. Inkqubo ngokwayo iya kuthatha ixesha elincinane.
Xa kuhlolwa i-biochemical screening ye-third trimester yokukhulelwa, umama olindelekileyo uxwayiswa malunga nesidingo sokulandela ukutya. Isampululelo segazi senziwa kwisisu esingenanto, kunye neentsuku ezintathu ngaphambi kokuhlalutya, ezi zilandelayo zingabandakanywa kwisondlo:
- fried;
- usawoti;
- ukutshaya;
- imifuno eluhlaza;
- iimveliso ezivusa ukunyuka kwesifo - i-cocoa, i-citrus, i-chocolate.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-3rd trimester-rates eziqhelekileyo, itafile
Kuphela oogqirha kufuneka bahlalutye iziphumo zophando. Oku kuqwalasela zonke iimpawu zokukhulelwa okuthe ngqo. Ukuphambuka kwamancinci kweempawu ezisuka kwimimiselo esekelweyo akuyikuphulwa, kodwa kunokubonisa ukuba kuyimfuneko yokubeka iliso iparameter ethile. I-ultrasound 3 trimester, imimiselo, ukutolika kwayo kufuneka kuhlolwe oogqirha, kukuvumela ukuba ufumane ukuchithwa okukhoyo. Ngezantsi kweetafile sinikeza ixabiso leemimiselo zeparameters eziphambili zokujonga i-3rd trimetter.