Ixesha lokulinda umntwana lo mfazi unomdla kwaye unoxanduva. Kule meko, akusoloko umama ezayo eyazi ukuba kwenzekani kwintsana ngexesha elithile lomzimba. Makhe siqwalasele ngokungakumbi inkqubela njengeveki yama-24 yokukhulelwa, ukuphuhliswa komntwana, makuthethele iinguqu eziphambili.
Iiveki ezingama-24 zokukhulelwa - kwenzeka ntoni kumntwana?
Umntwana kwiveki yama-24 yokukhulelwa unomzimba opheleleyo, iingalo kunye nemilenze. Ngeli xesha, kukho ukuphucula okunye amalungu omzimba. Utshintsho olukhulu luya kwindlela yokuphefumula. Kukho utshintsho kwindlela apho i-oksijeni ithathwa ukusuka kumaphaphu ukuya kwigazi. Umoya, ungene emiphakeni yomama, usasazelele kwinkqubo enkulu kunye neyinkimbinkimbi yeebhubhu, ekugqibeleni ekuba nemibhobho encinane - i-alveoli. Kwiindawo zabo zangaphakathi zincinci, kunye neeplassile ezincinane ze-lumen, ezithwala i-oksijini kwindawo yamaseli egazi.
Ngokwahlukileyo kuyimfuneko ukukhupha loo mzuzwana njengento yokuqhagamshelana nokukhanya okusebenzayo-into ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokuphefumla. Ukwenza ifilimu encinci kumphezulu we-alveoli, ayivumeli izindonga ezincinci zala mabhaksi emoyeni ukuba zithinte (zinyene kunye). Ukongezelela, umntu osebenzayo uncedisa ukunciphisa i-microorganisms epathogenic engena kwinkqubo yokuphefumula kunye nomoya. I-synthetic yale nkunkuma iqala xa iiveki ezingama-24 zokukhulelwa zenzeka, ukuphuhliswa komntwana kufudukela kwisinyathelo esilandelayo.
Yintoni ebonakalayo kumntwana kwiiveki ezingama-24?
I-ultrasound ye- fetus kwiveki yama-24 yokukhulelwa ayikuncedisi nje kuphela ukucacisa isimo sexesha elizayo, kodwa kwakhona ukuyihlola ngaphandle. Kule nqanaba lokuphuhliswa kwe-intrauterine, umama ozayo unokuthelekisa ukubonakala kwakhe, unqume ukuba ubani ufana naye. Ngalesi sikhathi inxalenye yangaphambili yentloko sele ivele yenziwe ngokusemthethweni: imilomo, impumlo, kunye nokuchithwa kwamehlo kuya kubonakala ngendlela efanayo emva kokuzalwa. Ngaphezulu kweenkulungwane ungacinga iinki. Iindlebe ziphakama ngenxa yokukhula kwentloko kwaye zibe kwindawo yazo yokuphila.
Ubunzima bomntwana buyanda. Ihlala ngokupheleleyo kuyo yonke indawo ekhululekile kwindawo yomzimba. Imiqulu kunye nokujika kuvakalelwa ngokupheleleyo ngumfazi okhulelweyo. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwamagxa kunye nemilenze kuba yinto eqhelekileyo kumama ozayo, oqala ukufumana ukungahambi kakuhle. Ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo bokunyakaza komntwana ngenye yezibonakaliso zokuphila kwakhe, ukuchaneka kweenkqubo zokuphuhlisa i-intrauterine.
Ubungakanani be-Fetal kwiiveki ezingama-24
I-fetus kwiveki yama-24 yokukhulelwa ifana neyomzimba omdala, kuphela yincinci. Ngoko ubude bomzimba wakhe ukusuka eetempile kuya kwi-sacrum ngu-21 cm, ngelixa ukukhula kwexesha elizayo umntwana kunye nemilenze ngu-31 cm. Ngokuhambisana nokukhula kwesiqu, intloko yekhanda iya kwanda. Ngeli xesha li-5.9 cm. I-thorax ayikho iiparitha ezinkulu kakhulu-6-6.2 cm. Phantse ubukhulu obufanayo bujikeleze isisu-buhluka ngo-6 cm.
I-placenta iyancipha kancane kancane. Ngeveki yama-24 yokukhulelwa, umntwana ufikelele kwi-2.6 cm. Nsuku zonke, oomama baziva ukunyakaza komntwana, ukunyakaza kwakhe ngeengalo nemilenze, ngokucacileyo. Oku akufanelekanga kuphela ekukhuleni komntwana, kodwa kwanomsebenzi owandayo. Ukuphucula ukulungelelaniswa kwezinto ezihambahambayo, bahamba ngokungafaniyo: inkunzi iyakwazi ukubamba iqhosha ngokubamba.
Ubunzima bunjani ubunzima bokubeletha kwiintsuku ezingama-24 zokukhulelwa?
Ubunzima bomntwana kwiiveki ezingama-24 ububele bufikelela kumanqaku ku-520-530 g. Kunyuke ngokunyuka kwamathambo emasipha, ukuxubusha kobunzima bomzimba, obuchaphazela ubunzima bebonke. Umgca we-fat layer ukhula. Ngokuzenzekelayo kuya kuqinisekisa ukuhamba kweenkqubo zokuxiliswa komzimba emzimbeni womntwana emva kokuzalwa, de kube ngumzuzwana xa inkqubo yokuqulunqwa komama isungulwa.
Kufuneka kuthethwe ukuba isisindo esicacisiwe sokusebenza esisebenzisanga ngaso sonke isikhathi sihambelana nomzimba womzimba womntwana. Kucaciswe ukuba eli pharamitha lichaphazelekayo ngolu hlobo:
- ukuzalwa;
- ukutya komfazi okhulelweyo ;
- ukukhawuleza kwenkqubo yokuphuhliswa kwe-intrauterine.
Ubunzima bomzimba we-Fetal ngenye yezo parameters ezikunceda ukuhlola imeko yentsana. Ukungahambisani nemigaqo yayo kwinto eqhelekileyo, sizathu sokwenza uphando olubanzi. Ukunciphisa ubunzima bomzimba bentsholongwane xa kugqitywa khona:
- ukuphulwa kophuhliso lwangaphakathi;
- ku khulelwa ;
- iinkqubo ezingapheliyo zokuvuvukala emzimbeni womama.
Ingaba umntwana uhlala njani kwiiveki ezingama-24?
Indawo yokuzalwa kwesisu kwi-iveki yama-24 yokukhulelwa kwisibeleko sikamama ayiyikugqibela. Ababelethisi bathi iiveki ezingama-28 zibandakanya, umntwana unokuguqula ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Ngoko ngo-30-35% wokukhulelwa ngeli xesha ixesha lomntwana esezenzeni ye-pelvic - imilenze kunye nombingeleli bajongene nokungena kwi-pelvis encinci. Njengoko umzimba omncinci ukhula, kufutshane nexesha lokubeletha, kuthatha ilungelo, intetho - kuphela 3-4% yeintsana zibonakala kwi-forearm forearm.
Ukukhulelwa kweeveki ezingama-24 - ukuphuhliswa komntwana kunye nokuvakalelwa
Ukuqwalasela iminyaka yobudala beeveki ezingama-24, ukuphuhliswa komntwana kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukwanda kwisisu somama ozayo. Kuba nzima ukuba ahambe, i-center of gravity ishintshintsha kancane kancane. Ukunciphisa umthwalo emthonjeni, umfazi uphoqeleka ukuba atshintshe umthwalo wakhe - xa uhamba, ubunzima buwela ngaphesheya komlenze oxhasayo, okwenza ukuhamba kubonakale kufana nedada. Umama ngokwakhe akaqapheli indlela aqala ngayo ukuhamba ukusuka ecaleni.
Ukwelula kwesikhumba esiswini kuya kubakho ukusekwa kwamanqaku atywe. Ngenxa yolu tshintsho, abaninzi abafazi abakhulelweyo bayakhalaza ngokubamba. Ulusu luba lumile, ludinga ukunyusa okongezelelweyo (ukhilimu, ioli). Ukusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezikhethekileyo kunceda ukuphepha amanqaku alula kwaye ulondoloze ulusu emva kokubeleka ukujonga kwangaphambili. Abafazi abakhulelweyo baqala ukuwasebenzisa malunga neeveki ezingama-20 ukuya ku-22 zokukhulelwa, xa kukho ukwanda okunamandla kwindumbu yesisu.
Iiveki ezingama-24 zokukhulelwa - ukunyakaza komntwana
Ukunyuka kwe-Fetal kwiiveki ezingama-24 zenzeke ngokucacileyo, zicaciswe ngokulula ngumama ozayo. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba abafazi bokuzalwa kuqala okokuqala balungiselela kwiveki ye-20 yesigxina. Ngeli xesha ababonakaliyo - abaninzi banokuqhathanisa ne-tickling encane. Abasetyhini abalindele ukubukeka komntwana wesibini, banokulungisa ukuhamba kwiveki ye-18 yokukhulelwa.
Ngeveki yama-24 umntwana usenengcamango yakhe malunga nenduduzo. Unako ukuzimela ngokuzimeleyo isikhundla sakhe somzimba, ukulungelelanisa kwisibeleko, njengoko kulungile. Isiqhamo singaphenduka, sisabele kwisithintelo esiswini, kwizandi ezivakalayo. Ngexesha elifanayo, kukho umgangatho othile wexesha elihle lezinto eziphazamisayo - amaxesha ama-10-15 ngeyure. Ukuyeka ukunyakaza kunokwenzeka kwiiyure ezingama-3. Ukuba umsebenzi wengane awukho kwiiyure ezili-12 okanye ngaphezulu, kufuneka ubone ugqirha.
Ingakanani umntwana obuthongayo kwiveki yama-24 yokukhulelwa?
Oogqirha bathetha malunga nee-18-20 iiyure zexesha eliphumayo le-fetus kule nqanaba lophuhliso. Kule meko, ulawulo lwakhe luvame ukuhambelana nomama - umntwana angabonisa umsebenzi ngokuhlwa nobusuku. Umntwana weeveki ezingama-24 usuqine, ngoko unako ukuvusa ukuhamba kwezandla kunye nemilenze yomama ebusuku. Kule meko, umfazi okhulelweyo unyanzelekile ukuba alungele umntwana wakhe.
Iiveki ezingama-24 zokukhulelwa ngamawele, ukukhula komntwana
Xa iiveki ezingama-24 zokukhulelwa kwamawele ziza, umama ulungisa utshintsho olufanayo njengowesifazane onomntwana ongu-1. Kule meko, kukho ezinye iinkalo zokuphuhliswa kwabantwana:
- Umntwana omnye unesisindo esikhulu somzimba kunye nokuphakama;
- nganye inombuso wayo;
- enye ingaphambi kweyesibini ekuphuhlisweni.